"扎实的依据"表明注射器交换计划预防Hiv感染
WESTPORT, CT (Reuters Health) - Syringe exchange programs are effective in preventing the spread of HIV infection among injection drug users, according to studies reported between 1989 and 1999.
The evidence is clear that "we don't need more data to show that syringe exchange works; all we need is logic," Dr. David R. Gibson, of the University of California at Davis, told Reuters Health.
Dr. Gibson and colleagues reviewed 42 published studies that examined the ability of syringe exchange programs to reduce HIV risk behavior and HIV seroconversion. Twenty-eight studies found positive effects, 2 found negative associations and "14 found either no association or a mix of positive and negative effects," they report in the July 27th issue of AIDS.
According to Dr. Gibson, 14 studies in which a null or negative association was found "were conducted in settings where drug users had access to syringes from pharmacies as well as through syringe exchange programs, which really diluted the contrast" between users and nonusers of the exchange programs.
In addition, three studies showed that "when drug users have a choice as to where they can obtain sterile syringes, the higher functioning drug users are more likely to use a pharmacy," Dr. Gibson pointed out. "The lower functioning, most on-the-edge drug users were most likely to use syringe exchange programs."
What would Dr. Gibson say to those who insist that syringe exchange programs promote drug use?
"I'm aware of no studies that suggest that the existence of syringe exchange programs entices people into drug abuse," he said. "In fact, there are a number of studies indicating that is not the case."
"For example, researchers in San Francisco monitored the clientele of a syringe exchange program over time, and showed that the mean age did not decrease, suggesting that young people were not being drawn into drug abuse.", http://www.100md.com
The evidence is clear that "we don't need more data to show that syringe exchange works; all we need is logic," Dr. David R. Gibson, of the University of California at Davis, told Reuters Health.
Dr. Gibson and colleagues reviewed 42 published studies that examined the ability of syringe exchange programs to reduce HIV risk behavior and HIV seroconversion. Twenty-eight studies found positive effects, 2 found negative associations and "14 found either no association or a mix of positive and negative effects," they report in the July 27th issue of AIDS.
According to Dr. Gibson, 14 studies in which a null or negative association was found "were conducted in settings where drug users had access to syringes from pharmacies as well as through syringe exchange programs, which really diluted the contrast" between users and nonusers of the exchange programs.
In addition, three studies showed that "when drug users have a choice as to where they can obtain sterile syringes, the higher functioning drug users are more likely to use a pharmacy," Dr. Gibson pointed out. "The lower functioning, most on-the-edge drug users were most likely to use syringe exchange programs."
What would Dr. Gibson say to those who insist that syringe exchange programs promote drug use?
"I'm aware of no studies that suggest that the existence of syringe exchange programs entices people into drug abuse," he said. "In fact, there are a number of studies indicating that is not the case."
"For example, researchers in San Francisco monitored the clientele of a syringe exchange program over time, and showed that the mean age did not decrease, suggesting that young people were not being drawn into drug abuse.", http://www.100md.com