自杀不是精神病，而是危险心理因素作怪
http://www.100md.com
2001年2月8日
路透社健康消息 英国有学者报导，现在许多有自杀倾向的人士都得不到他们所需要的关心，造成这种现象的部份原因，是由于大家都认为只有精神病患者才会自杀。
然而，通常促成人自杀的绝望感和痛不欲生的心理并不是精神卫生的问题。根据英国斯特拉思克莱德大学的罗里欧科内博士和贝尔法斯特女王大学的诺尔舍西教授的调查，超过90%的自杀者在他们的留言中有这些感觉的记载。欧科内博士认为，给一个人戴上“精神病患者”的帽子不但不能降低他的自杀率，而且还会给他带来耻辱感，打击他寻求帮助的想法。因此，我们需要多跟年轻人进行交流，培养他们解决问题的能力，帮助他们冲破“男儿有泪不轻弹”的旧教条。
作者在一月份的英国《心理学家》杂志上呼吁要用一种更好的方法来识别和帮助有自杀倾向的人，心理学家们要特别注意一些特殊的危险心理因素如绝望、完善主义人格和消极回忆。
作者相信，在大部份的自杀事件中，自杀并不是反常行为，而是危险心理因素和一些促发因素复杂的相互作用的不幸结果，正是这些危险心理因素使人有自杀的念头。
, http://www.100md.com
《心理学家》
Report Urges New Ways to Predict Suicide
NEW YORK (Reuters Health) - Many suicidal people are not getting the attention they need, partially because it is assumed that only mentally ill people will take their own lives, UK researchers report.
But feelings of hopelessness and unbearable psychological pain--not mental health problems--often precipitate suicide attempts. These feelings are expressed in more than 90% of all suicide notes, according to Dr. Rory O‘Connor from the University of Strathclyde, and Professor Noel Sheehy from Queen‘s University in Belfast.
, 百拇医药
``Labeling individuals as mentally ill is not going to reduce the suicide rate. It will only serve to maintain the stigma and reduce the likelihood that those at risk seek help,‘‘ O‘Connor told Reuters Health. ``We need to promote communication, train our young people in problem-solving skills, and break down those age-old stereotypes that men don‘t cry.‘‘
In their report published in the January issue of The Psychologist, a British journal, the authors call for better methods of identifying those at risk for suicide and new ways of treating them. In particular, psychologists need to home in on specific psychological risk factors such as hopelessness, a perfectionist personality, and a tendency to recall only negative memories.
“We believe...that in the vast majority of cases, suicide is not abnormal but rather the unfortunate consequence of a complex interaction of risk factors and precipitants. Such factors can lead anyone to take their own life,‘‘ O‘Connor and Sheehy conclude.
SOURCE: The Psychologist 2001;14:2-7., 百拇医药
然而，通常促成人自杀的绝望感和痛不欲生的心理并不是精神卫生的问题。根据英国斯特拉思克莱德大学的罗里欧科内博士和贝尔法斯特女王大学的诺尔舍西教授的调查，超过90%的自杀者在他们的留言中有这些感觉的记载。欧科内博士认为，给一个人戴上“精神病患者”的帽子不但不能降低他的自杀率，而且还会给他带来耻辱感，打击他寻求帮助的想法。因此，我们需要多跟年轻人进行交流，培养他们解决问题的能力，帮助他们冲破“男儿有泪不轻弹”的旧教条。
作者在一月份的英国《心理学家》杂志上呼吁要用一种更好的方法来识别和帮助有自杀倾向的人，心理学家们要特别注意一些特殊的危险心理因素如绝望、完善主义人格和消极回忆。
作者相信，在大部份的自杀事件中，自杀并不是反常行为，而是危险心理因素和一些促发因素复杂的相互作用的不幸结果，正是这些危险心理因素使人有自杀的念头。
, http://www.100md.com
《心理学家》
Report Urges New Ways to Predict Suicide
NEW YORK (Reuters Health) - Many suicidal people are not getting the attention they need, partially because it is assumed that only mentally ill people will take their own lives, UK researchers report.
But feelings of hopelessness and unbearable psychological pain--not mental health problems--often precipitate suicide attempts. These feelings are expressed in more than 90% of all suicide notes, according to Dr. Rory O‘Connor from the University of Strathclyde, and Professor Noel Sheehy from Queen‘s University in Belfast.
, 百拇医药
``Labeling individuals as mentally ill is not going to reduce the suicide rate. It will only serve to maintain the stigma and reduce the likelihood that those at risk seek help,‘‘ O‘Connor told Reuters Health. ``We need to promote communication, train our young people in problem-solving skills, and break down those age-old stereotypes that men don‘t cry.‘‘
In their report published in the January issue of The Psychologist, a British journal, the authors call for better methods of identifying those at risk for suicide and new ways of treating them. In particular, psychologists need to home in on specific psychological risk factors such as hopelessness, a perfectionist personality, and a tendency to recall only negative memories.
“We believe...that in the vast majority of cases, suicide is not abnormal but rather the unfortunate consequence of a complex interaction of risk factors and precipitants. Such factors can lead anyone to take their own life,‘‘ O‘Connor and Sheehy conclude.
SOURCE: The Psychologist 2001;14:2-7., 百拇医药