母亲孕期吸烟，孩子哮喘危险增加
路透社纽约健康消息 据一项针对美国加利福尼亚儿童的研究表明，母亲在怀孕期间吸烟的小孩出生后患哮喘的机会比其他小孩子几乎高两倍。而且，这种发病率的升高看来是只跟母亲在孕期吸烟有关，而跟孩子出生后生活在二手烟的环境中无关。
该研究开始于1993年，一直追踪美国加利福尼亚南部12个社区的儿童。参加这这项儿童健康研究的共有近6,000名儿童，其中有20%的母亲在孕期吸烟，0.6%的母亲在孩子出生后戒烟了。大约有40%的儿童不同程度地生活在二手烟环境中。结果发现，33%以上的儿童有喘息的病史，约15%的儿童被确诊患有哮喘。母亲仅在怀孕期间吸烟的儿童，被诊断患有哮喘的比其他儿童高两倍。
如今，哮喘的发病率在全球范围内变得越来越高，而且这种疾病是造成儿童住院和死亡的重要原因。研究员认为，在发育期暴露在烟草烟雾的成份下会导致肺的变化，从而引起哮喘。如果妇女愿意在怀孕期间戒烟的话，那么儿童哮喘的病例将可以减少5%-19%。
, http://www.100md.com
妇女在怀孕期间不应该吸烟已经是一个常识，但作为公共卫生信息，这一点还是值得重复强调的。这项研究显示，吸烟不但对妇女有害，而且对胎儿也有不利的影响，有关吸烟对儿童的长期危害的信息可能会促进人们去戒烟。
来源：美国呼吸和危急看护医学，2001；163：429-436
Smoking in Pregnancy Ups Kids‘ Asthma Risk
NEW YORK Feb 20 (Reuters Health) - Children of mothers who smoke during pregnancy are almost two times as likely to develop asthma as those whose mothers did not smoke while pregnant, according to study of California children. This increased risk appears to be related to smoking during pregnancy and not to tobacco exposure after birth.
, 百拇医药
If women would quit smoking while pregnant it would eliminate 5% to 15% of asthma cases in children, the study authors estimate. Asthma is increasing worldwide and is an important cause of childhood hospitalization and death.
The current study included nearly 6,000 youngsters enrolled in the Children‘s Health Study, which began in 1993 and has been following children living in 12 communities in southern California.
Almost 20% of children in the study had mothers who smoked during pregnancy, and of those, 3% smoked only during pregnancy and not after giving birth. Almost 40% of the children had been exposed to second-hand tobacco smoke at some point in their life.
, http://www.100md.com
Wheezing was reported in more than 33% of the children in the study, and almost 15% were diagnosed with asthma. Children whose mothers smoked during pregnancy, but not after, were nearly twice as likely to be diagnosed with asthma.
The increased risk of developing asthma was found to be related to the mother‘s smoking during pregnancy, but not afterward. Children whose mothers smoked after pregnancy were at increased risk for wheezing only. The authors suggested that exposure to components of tobacco smoke during development may cause changes in the lungs that may lead to asthma.
, 百拇医药
``It‘s almost a no-brainer to say that women who are pregnant shouldn‘t smoke, but as a public health message it‘s worth repeating,‘‘ lead study author Dr. Frank D. Gilliland of the University of Southern California in Los Angeles told Reuters Health. ``We know that smoking is bad for women who smoke, and this study shows it‘s also bad for their unborn children. Perhaps knowledge of the long-term effects of smoking on children will provide an incentive for people to quit.‘‘
SOURCE: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine 2001;163:429-436., http://www.100md.com
该研究开始于1993年，一直追踪美国加利福尼亚南部12个社区的儿童。参加这这项儿童健康研究的共有近6,000名儿童，其中有20%的母亲在孕期吸烟，0.6%的母亲在孩子出生后戒烟了。大约有40%的儿童不同程度地生活在二手烟环境中。结果发现，33%以上的儿童有喘息的病史，约15%的儿童被确诊患有哮喘。母亲仅在怀孕期间吸烟的儿童，被诊断患有哮喘的比其他儿童高两倍。
如今，哮喘的发病率在全球范围内变得越来越高，而且这种疾病是造成儿童住院和死亡的重要原因。研究员认为，在发育期暴露在烟草烟雾的成份下会导致肺的变化，从而引起哮喘。如果妇女愿意在怀孕期间戒烟的话，那么儿童哮喘的病例将可以减少5%-19%。
, http://www.100md.com
妇女在怀孕期间不应该吸烟已经是一个常识，但作为公共卫生信息，这一点还是值得重复强调的。这项研究显示，吸烟不但对妇女有害，而且对胎儿也有不利的影响，有关吸烟对儿童的长期危害的信息可能会促进人们去戒烟。
来源：美国呼吸和危急看护医学，2001；163：429-436
Smoking in Pregnancy Ups Kids‘ Asthma Risk
NEW YORK Feb 20 (Reuters Health) - Children of mothers who smoke during pregnancy are almost two times as likely to develop asthma as those whose mothers did not smoke while pregnant, according to study of California children. This increased risk appears to be related to smoking during pregnancy and not to tobacco exposure after birth.
, 百拇医药
If women would quit smoking while pregnant it would eliminate 5% to 15% of asthma cases in children, the study authors estimate. Asthma is increasing worldwide and is an important cause of childhood hospitalization and death.
The current study included nearly 6,000 youngsters enrolled in the Children‘s Health Study, which began in 1993 and has been following children living in 12 communities in southern California.
Almost 20% of children in the study had mothers who smoked during pregnancy, and of those, 3% smoked only during pregnancy and not after giving birth. Almost 40% of the children had been exposed to second-hand tobacco smoke at some point in their life.
, http://www.100md.com
Wheezing was reported in more than 33% of the children in the study, and almost 15% were diagnosed with asthma. Children whose mothers smoked during pregnancy, but not after, were nearly twice as likely to be diagnosed with asthma.
The increased risk of developing asthma was found to be related to the mother‘s smoking during pregnancy, but not afterward. Children whose mothers smoked after pregnancy were at increased risk for wheezing only. The authors suggested that exposure to components of tobacco smoke during development may cause changes in the lungs that may lead to asthma.
, 百拇医药
``It‘s almost a no-brainer to say that women who are pregnant shouldn‘t smoke, but as a public health message it‘s worth repeating,‘‘ lead study author Dr. Frank D. Gilliland of the University of Southern California in Los Angeles told Reuters Health. ``We know that smoking is bad for women who smoke, and this study shows it‘s also bad for their unborn children. Perhaps knowledge of the long-term effects of smoking on children will provide an incentive for people to quit.‘‘
SOURCE: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine 2001;163:429-436., http://www.100md.com
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