基于社会网络分析的农业文化遗产地旅游村落治理研究
5.从事件参与中的经纪人分析看,对二村而言,当地企业、社区和压力集团之间均存在联络人,代理人和守门人角色,但却缺少当地政府机构与其它利益集团之间的联络人,代理人和守门人角色,因此要培育当地政府机构与其它利益集团之间的联络人,代理人和守门人角色。对于箐口村来说,要让州(县)政府(B),州(县)哈尼梯田管理局(C), 旅游管理部门(D)充当代理人或守门人角色,让其它利益集团利益相关者(除旅游者Q外)充当联络人角色;而对勐品村而言,要培育当地政府机构中每个利益相关者充当代理人或守门人角色,让其它利益集团利益相关者(除旅游从业居民 K和旅游者Q外)充当联络人角色。
上述通过隶属网络分析方法分析了云南红河哈尼梯田遗产地箐口村和勐品村参与旅游发展中的四个网络特征,并提出治理对策。而隶属参与网络的复杂性特征,也反映出了利益相关者参与事件影响因素的复杂性,后续研究将更多地关注隶属参与网络的影响因素(如制度性改进、参与意识,网络演化等),及参与网络对利益相关者参与事件的影响以及量化分析等问题。同时,不同网络(现实网络,随机网络,小世界网络等)对利益相关者事件参与的效应评价问题也值得进一步的探讨。
参考文献:
[1]孙九霞.旅游人类学的社区旅游与社区参与[M].北京:商务出版社,2009:37.
[2]潘秋玲,李九全. 社区参与和旅游社区一体化研究[J].人文地理,2002(4):38-41.
[3]Tosun C. Limits to Community Participation in the Tourism Development Process in Developing Countries[J].Tourism Management, 2000,21(6):613- 633.
[4]Okazaki Etsuko. Community-Based Tourism Model: Its Conception and Use[J]. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 2008, 16(5): 511-529.
[5]时少华.社区居民参与旅游发展的问题及体制性影响因素研究[J].中国发展,2011, 46(5):57-61.
[6]时少华.社会资本、旅游参与意识对居民参与旅游的影响效应分析——以北京什刹海为例[J].地域研究与开发,2015,34(6):101-106.
[7]候国林,黄震方.旅游地社区参与度熵权层次分析评价模型与应用[J].地理研究,2010,29(10):1802-1813.
[8]Timothy D J. Participatory planning: a view of tourism in Indonesia[J]. Annals of Tourism Research, 1999(2):371-391.
[9]Jamal T B, Getz D. Collaboration theory and community tourism planning[J]. Annals of Tourism Research,1995,22(1):186-204.
[10]Reed M G. Power relations and community-based tourism planning[J]. Annals of Tourism Research,1997,24(3):566-591.
[11]Bramwell B, Sharman A. Collaboration in local tourism policymaking[J]. Annals of Tourism Research,1999,26(2):392-415.
[12]Aas C, Ladkin A,Fletcher J. Stakeholder collaboration and heritage management[J]. Annals of Tourism Research,2005,32(1):28-48.
[13]Timur S, Getz D. A network perspective on managing stakeholders for sustainable urban tourism[J].International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management,2008,20(4) : 445-461.
[14]Cooper C, Scott N, Baggio R. Network Position and Perceptions of Destination Stakeholder Importance[J].Anatolia: An International Journal of Tourism & Hospitality Research,2009,20(1):33-45.
[15]Baggio R, Scott N, Cooper C. Improving tourism destination governance: a complexity science approach[J]. Tourism Review,2010,65(4):51-60.
[16]Beritelli P, Laesser C. Power dimensions and influence reputation in tourist destinations: Empirical evidence from a network of actors and stakeholders[J].Tourism Management,2011,32(6):1299-1309., 百拇医药(时少华)
上述通过隶属网络分析方法分析了云南红河哈尼梯田遗产地箐口村和勐品村参与旅游发展中的四个网络特征,并提出治理对策。而隶属参与网络的复杂性特征,也反映出了利益相关者参与事件影响因素的复杂性,后续研究将更多地关注隶属参与网络的影响因素(如制度性改进、参与意识,网络演化等),及参与网络对利益相关者参与事件的影响以及量化分析等问题。同时,不同网络(现实网络,随机网络,小世界网络等)对利益相关者事件参与的效应评价问题也值得进一步的探讨。
参考文献:
[1]孙九霞.旅游人类学的社区旅游与社区参与[M].北京:商务出版社,2009:37.
[2]潘秋玲,李九全. 社区参与和旅游社区一体化研究[J].人文地理,2002(4):38-41.
[3]Tosun C. Limits to Community Participation in the Tourism Development Process in Developing Countries[J].Tourism Management, 2000,21(6):613- 633.
[4]Okazaki Etsuko. Community-Based Tourism Model: Its Conception and Use[J]. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 2008, 16(5): 511-529.
[5]时少华.社区居民参与旅游发展的问题及体制性影响因素研究[J].中国发展,2011, 46(5):57-61.
[6]时少华.社会资本、旅游参与意识对居民参与旅游的影响效应分析——以北京什刹海为例[J].地域研究与开发,2015,34(6):101-106.
[7]候国林,黄震方.旅游地社区参与度熵权层次分析评价模型与应用[J].地理研究,2010,29(10):1802-1813.
[8]Timothy D J. Participatory planning: a view of tourism in Indonesia[J]. Annals of Tourism Research, 1999(2):371-391.
[9]Jamal T B, Getz D. Collaboration theory and community tourism planning[J]. Annals of Tourism Research,1995,22(1):186-204.
[10]Reed M G. Power relations and community-based tourism planning[J]. Annals of Tourism Research,1997,24(3):566-591.
[11]Bramwell B, Sharman A. Collaboration in local tourism policymaking[J]. Annals of Tourism Research,1999,26(2):392-415.
[12]Aas C, Ladkin A,Fletcher J. Stakeholder collaboration and heritage management[J]. Annals of Tourism Research,2005,32(1):28-48.
[13]Timur S, Getz D. A network perspective on managing stakeholders for sustainable urban tourism[J].International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management,2008,20(4) : 445-461.
[14]Cooper C, Scott N, Baggio R. Network Position and Perceptions of Destination Stakeholder Importance[J].Anatolia: An International Journal of Tourism & Hospitality Research,2009,20(1):33-45.
[15]Baggio R, Scott N, Cooper C. Improving tourism destination governance: a complexity science approach[J]. Tourism Review,2010,65(4):51-60.
[16]Beritelli P, Laesser C. Power dimensions and influence reputation in tourist destinations: Empirical evidence from a network of actors and stakeholders[J].Tourism Management,2011,32(6):1299-1309., 百拇医药(时少华)