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颅脑损伤后脑脊液与血清中IL-6含量变化研究
http://www.100md.com 《苏州大学学报(医学版)》 1999年第8期
     作者:金 钧 杨学照 鲍耀东

    单位:苏州医学院附属一院神经外科,苏州,215006

    关键词:颅脑损伤;白细胞介素6;脑脊液;血清;GCS

    苏州医学院学报ACTA ACADEMIAE MEDICINAE SUZHOU1999年 第19卷 第8期 Vol 摘要 28例急性颅脑损伤以GCS评分分组,A组GCS≤8分,B组GCS>8分,结果显示,脑脊液及血清IL-6均在伤后第1天达峰值,其中脑脊液IL-6两组峰值无显著差异,血清IL-6两组差异显著,且其下降速度亦有显著差异。说明颅脑损伤后IL-6主要由CNS产生,且血清IL-6水平与临床病情和炎症反应变化呈平行关系,IL-6可作为判定机体免疫状态和临床判定疗效和预后指标之一。

    中图法分类 R651.1504

, 百拇医药     Cerebrospinal Fluid and Serum Interleukin-6 in the Brain-Injuryed Patients

    Jin Jun, Yang Xuezhao, Bao Yaodong

    Department of Neurosurgery, The first Hospital Affiliated to Suzhou Medical College, Suzhou, 215007

    Abstract Purpose To determine the level of cerebrospinal fluid and IL-6 in serum in brain-injured patients and the correlation between this level and the clinical course of recovery from head injury. In this study, 28 patients were divided into 2 groups. In group A GCS is ≤8, and in group B GCS>8. The highest peaks of IL-6 in CSF and serum were all found on the first day after injury. These was no significant difference in peak values of IL-6 in CSF between these 2 groups and these was sigificant difference in serum. Conclusion IL-6 comes from CNS after brain injury and the IL-6 level in serum is correlated with the clinical course of recovery and the inflammatory reaction. IL-6 can be used as an index in evaluation of immune state and prognosis.
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    Key words brain injury; interleukin-6; cerebrospinal fluid; serum; GCS

    研究发现,颅脑损伤后中枢神经中有大量细胞因子产生,其中IL-6在颅脑损伤早期的炎症过程中发挥了重要作用[1~2]。本文观察28例急性颅脑损伤患者脑脊液和血清IL-6的动态变化,以探讨IL-6与颅脑损伤程度的关系,以及其对病情判断、临床疗效和预后的诊断价值。

    1 材料与方法

    1.1 病例:28例皆为急性颅脑损伤,年龄9~66岁。男20例,女8例。分为两组:A组:GCS≤8分,14例;B组:GCS>8分,14例。住院期间均予常规对症和支持治疗。

    1.2 IL-6测定:采用双抗体夹心ELISA法,采用人IL-6 ELISA试剂盒。分别于伤后第1,3,5,7,10天上午9:00~10:00抽取外周静脉血及腰穿取脑脊液各3ml测定。
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    1.3 结果:见附表。两组中,22例均在伤后2周~2个月康复。余6例分别于伤后2~60天死亡。

    2 讨论

    由于血脑屏障的存在,中枢神经系统(CNS)一直被认为是免疫学的特殊部位[3]。IL-6作为一种具有广泛免疫调节作用的细胞因子,在机体防御方面具有多向活性,并在损伤、炎症反应和抗感染方面发挥多种生物学作用[4]

    CNS中星形胶质细胞受到如其它细胞因子、去甲肾上腺素、血管性肠肽、内毒素等刺激时产生IL-6,内皮细胞在受到刺激时也产生IL-6。IL-6的产生可能对颅脑损伤有益,可促进神经元的生存和分化,促进神经营养因子的生成,并在组织损伤修复过程中起一定作用,并能刺激星形胶质细胞增生,在脑损伤的修复过程中可能发挥重要作用[5]

    附表 两组伤后脑脊液及血清中IL-6变化比较(ng/L,±s)
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    n

    伤 后 天 数(d)

    1

    3

    5

    7

    10

    脑脊液

    10

    A组

    14

    1424±221.52

    948±110.64
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    1083.79±113.23

    1003.7±68.91

    726.79±75.36

    B组

    1390.29±222.21

    943.71±129.97

    1051.71±111.07

    1013.86±65.91

    716.86±72.19

    P

    >0.5
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    >0.5

    >0.5

    >0.5

    >0.5

    血清

    A组

    10

    443.29±40.68

    367±33.87

    339.8±27.223

    302.6±23.83

    286.6±24.72
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    B组

    14

    359±42.8

    265±43.80

    214.5±18.58

    133±169.6

    109.29±34.39

    P

    <0.002

    <0.002

    <0.002

    <0.002
, 百拇医药
    <0.002

    Meclain[6]认为颅脑损伤后脑脊液、血清IL-6均升高,且血清IL-6水平与急性相反应和临床恢复有一暂时相关性,IL-6在颅脑损伤的代谢、营养等后遗症方面起决定作用。Kossmm[7]也认为颅脑损伤后IL-6主要由CNS产生,临床资料显示由于血脑屏障的破坏,CNS中的IL-6可能进入血液循环中,并对机体免疫炎症反应发挥重要作用。

    本研究结果表明,脑脊液及血清IL-6均在伤后第1天达峰值,脑脊液中IL-6在伤后均显著高于血清中IL-6值,且持续较长时间,提示颅脑损伤时IL-6主要由CNS产生。B组IL-6的下降远快于A组,说明血清IL-6的变化与患者病情的恢复或炎症反应的变化呈平行关系。

    本研究中亦发现,脑脊液IL-6水平下降不如血清IL-6明显,且在下降过程中反有回升现象,可能与IL-6来源于不同被激活的细胞类型有关。
, http://www.100md.com
    虽然Kosmann认为脑脊液及血清IL-6水平与血脑屏障的破坏程度存在一定关系[7],但是否IL-6可通过血脑屏障尚不清楚。我们认为,可能是由于重型患者血脑屏障的破坏可能较严重,修复亦较缓慢,故有较多的IL-6进入系统循环中,造成血清IL-6峰值及持续时间均在较高水平。但也不排除其它转运机制的作用,如通过被动的浓度操作直接扩散或主动转运通过血脑屏障[8]

    参考文献

    1 Woodroofe A, et al. Detecition of IL-6 and IL-1 in adult rat frain, following mechanical injury, by invive microdialysis Evidence of a role for microglia incy to kine production. J Neuroimmunol,1991,33∶227
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    2 Tanpin T, et al. Increase in IL-1 IL-6 and TNF levels in rat brain follwing toaumatic lesion. J Neuroimmunol,1993,42∶177

    3 Febry Z, et al. Neurous tessue as and immune compastment: The diatect of the immune response in the CNS. Immunology Today, 1994,15∶218

    4 Hirano T, et al. Biological and clinical aspects of IL-6. Immunology Today, 1990,11∶443

    5 Frei K, et al. On the cereular source and function of IL-6 produced in the CNS inviral diseases. Eur J Immunol, 1989,19∶689
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    6 Mcclain C, et al. Increased plasma and ventricular fluid IL-6 levels in patients with head injury. J Vab Clin Med, 1991,118∶226

    7 Kossmann T, et al. Intrathecal and serum IL-6 and the acute-phase response in patients with severe traumatic brain injuried Shock,1995,4∶311

    8 Hama T, et al. IL-6 as a neuratrophic factor for promoting the survival of culture based pose brain cholinergic neurons from postnatal rats. Neuronsci Letl, 1989,104∶340

    (1998年9月25日收稿), 百拇医药