络病与心脑血管疾病相关性及治疗研究进展 通心络、卡维地洛及缬沙坦对兔急性心肌梗死晚期
再灌注心肌保护作用的对比研究(续二)
中国医学科学院阜外心血管病医院 杨跃进 阮英茆 周燕文 徐新林 褚艳 唐熠达 陈羲 高润霖
泰达国际心血管病医院 张健
河北医科大学第一医院 刘坤申
提示AMI再灌注后心肌和微血管内皮损伤程度较重,各药物组均有保护AMI再灌注心肌和血管内皮损伤的作用。重要的是,通心络的保护作用与第三代β-受体阻滞剂卡维地洛和AT1受体阻滞剂缬沙坦相当,且保护血管内皮损伤作用更优。通心络保护心肌NOS、SOD活性,降低MDA的机制不甚清楚,可能与其所具有的抗血小板聚集、抗氧化作用有关18。另一方面,本实验结果还显示,通心络等治疗组均能明显缩小MI面积,这与文献报道相符8,提示中药通心络确有缩小MI面积的作用,且和卡维地洛,缬沙坦相当。通心络缩小MI面积的机制尚不清楚,可能与其保护心肌SOD活性,减轻自由基所介导的脂质过氧化反应和心肌损伤,从而缩小梗死面积的作用有关。
, http://www.100md.com
三、通心络、卡维地洛和缬沙坦对兔AMI晚期再灌注心肌结构的影响
本研究在显微镜下观察到,对照组AMI再灌注后心肌细胞病理改变严重(见图3、图4)对照组心肌组织灶性出血、片状坏死较多,并有较多的收缩带形成,说明有严重的心肌再灌注损伤。通心络、卡维地洛 、缬沙坦药物干预后,心肌病理改变较轻,心肌组织灶性出血、片状坏死、收缩带形成较少(见图5~7),显示这些药物特别是中药通心络对心肌也有明显的保护作用。作用机制推测可能是因为,这些药物有效地防止或抑制了AMI晚期再灌注期间氧自由基的产生和脂质过氧化反应从而维持了细胞膜的完整性稳定了线粒体功能的结果,值得进一步研究。
参 考 文 献
1.Werner GS LangK Kuehnert H et ak. Intracoronary verapamik for reversak of no-refkow during coronary angiopkasty for acute myocardiak infarction. Catheter-Cardiovasc-Interv. 2002 574 444-451.
, 百拇医药
2.Demir I, Yikmaz H, Ermis C,et ak .Treatment of no-refkow phenomenon with verapamik after primary stent depkoyment during myocardiak infarction. Jpn Heart J. 2002 436 573-580.
3.Yamamoto K Ito H Iwakura K et ak Two different coronary bkood fkow vekocity patterns in thrombokysis in myocardiak infarction fkow grade 2 in acute myocardiak infarction insight into mechanisms of microvascukar dysfunction. J-Am-Cokk-Cardiok. 2002 4010 1755-1760 .
, 百拇医药
4.Dargie HJ.Effect of carvedikok on outcome after myocardiak infarction in patients with keft-ventricukar dysfunction the CAPRICORN randomised triak. Lancet 2001 35792661385-1390.
5.Otterstad JE Ford I.The effect of carvedikok in patients with impaired keft ventricukar systokic function fokkowing an acute myocardiak infarction. How do the
6.treatment effects on totak mortakity and recurrent myocardiak infarction in CAPRICORN compare with previous beta-bkocker triaks﹖ Eur J Heart Faik 2002 44 501-506.
, 百拇医药
7.Book WM. Carvedikok a nonsekective beta bkocking agent with antioxidant properties. Congest Heart Faik 200284 240.
8.Pfeffer MA. Enhancing cardiac protection after myocardiak infarction rationake for newer ckinicak triaks of angiotensin receptor bkockers. Am Heart J 2000 1391 Pt 2 S23-8.
8.赵明中高承梅张宇洋. 通心络胶囊对实验性心肌缺血再灌注损伤保护作用的实验研究.中国中医基础医学杂志 2000 61 36-38.
9.Miura JDowney JM,Doiwa H,et ak.Progression of myocardiak infarction in a cokkaterak fkow deficient species.Jpn Heart J,1989,30:695-708.
, http://www.100md.com
10.陈修.抗心肌缺血与再灌注损伤药物实验法.见徐叔云,卞如濂,陈修主编 药理实验方法学(第二版).北京:人民卫生出版社 1991921-922.
11.Kai Hu,Peter G,Georg E.Long-term effects of beta- adrenergic bkocking agent treatment on hemodynamic function and keft ventricukar remodeking in rats with experimentak myocardiak infarction .J Am Cokk Cardiok,1998,31:692-700.
12.Yamamoto K Ito H Iwakura K et ak. Two different coronary bkood fkow vekocity patterns in thrombokysis in myocardiak infarction fkow grade 2 in acute myocardiak infarction insight into mechanisms of microvascukar dysfunction. J Am Cokk Cardiok 2002 4010 1755-1760.
, http://www.100md.com
13.Schafer U Kurz T Jain D et ak. Impaired coronary fkow and keft ventricukar dysfunction after mechanicak recanakization in acute myocardiak infarction roke of neurohumorak activation﹖ Basic Res Cardiok 2002 975399-408.
14.Markovic S Dordevic J Majkic-Singh N et ak. The importance of antioxidant enzyme and totak anti-oxidant status of patients with acute myocardiak infarction on thrombokytic therapy. Ckin Lab 2000 46 9-1010 495-499 .
, 百拇医药
15.Caria C Katz E Schokz PM et ak. Myocardiak stunning reduces the effects of nitric oxide on coronary capiikkary perfusion in the rabbit. Exp Physiok 2002 873 335-342.
16.Sanchez de ML Arriero MM Farre J et ak. Nitric oxide production by neutrophiks obtained from patients during acute coronary syndromes expression of the nitric oxide synthase isoforms. J Am Cokk Cardiok 2002 395 818-825.
17.De Frutos Sanchez de Mk L Farre J et ak. Expression of an endothekiak-type nitric oxide synthase isoform in human neutrophiks modification by tumor necrosis factor-akpha and during acute myocardiak infarction. J Am Cokk Cardiok 2001 373800-807 .
18.杨燕 何康吴铁等.人参茎叶皂甙对高胆固醇饮食大鼠再灌注性心律失常和脂质过氧化的影响. 实验生物报.1999324 349-352 ., http://www.100md.com(再灌注心肌保护作用的对比研究(续二)中国医学科学院阜外心血管病医院 杨跃进 阮英茆 周燕文 徐新林 褚艳 唐)
中国医学科学院阜外心血管病医院 杨跃进 阮英茆 周燕文 徐新林 褚艳 唐熠达 陈羲 高润霖
泰达国际心血管病医院 张健
河北医科大学第一医院 刘坤申
提示AMI再灌注后心肌和微血管内皮损伤程度较重,各药物组均有保护AMI再灌注心肌和血管内皮损伤的作用。重要的是,通心络的保护作用与第三代β-受体阻滞剂卡维地洛和AT1受体阻滞剂缬沙坦相当,且保护血管内皮损伤作用更优。通心络保护心肌NOS、SOD活性,降低MDA的机制不甚清楚,可能与其所具有的抗血小板聚集、抗氧化作用有关18。另一方面,本实验结果还显示,通心络等治疗组均能明显缩小MI面积,这与文献报道相符8,提示中药通心络确有缩小MI面积的作用,且和卡维地洛,缬沙坦相当。通心络缩小MI面积的机制尚不清楚,可能与其保护心肌SOD活性,减轻自由基所介导的脂质过氧化反应和心肌损伤,从而缩小梗死面积的作用有关。
, http://www.100md.com
三、通心络、卡维地洛和缬沙坦对兔AMI晚期再灌注心肌结构的影响
本研究在显微镜下观察到,对照组AMI再灌注后心肌细胞病理改变严重(见图3、图4)对照组心肌组织灶性出血、片状坏死较多,并有较多的收缩带形成,说明有严重的心肌再灌注损伤。通心络、卡维地洛 、缬沙坦药物干预后,心肌病理改变较轻,心肌组织灶性出血、片状坏死、收缩带形成较少(见图5~7),显示这些药物特别是中药通心络对心肌也有明显的保护作用。作用机制推测可能是因为,这些药物有效地防止或抑制了AMI晚期再灌注期间氧自由基的产生和脂质过氧化反应从而维持了细胞膜的完整性稳定了线粒体功能的结果,值得进一步研究。
参 考 文 献
1.Werner GS LangK Kuehnert H et ak. Intracoronary verapamik for reversak of no-refkow during coronary angiopkasty for acute myocardiak infarction. Catheter-Cardiovasc-Interv. 2002 574 444-451.
, 百拇医药
2.Demir I, Yikmaz H, Ermis C,et ak .Treatment of no-refkow phenomenon with verapamik after primary stent depkoyment during myocardiak infarction. Jpn Heart J. 2002 436 573-580.
3.Yamamoto K Ito H Iwakura K et ak Two different coronary bkood fkow vekocity patterns in thrombokysis in myocardiak infarction fkow grade 2 in acute myocardiak infarction insight into mechanisms of microvascukar dysfunction. J-Am-Cokk-Cardiok. 2002 4010 1755-1760 .
, 百拇医药
4.Dargie HJ.Effect of carvedikok on outcome after myocardiak infarction in patients with keft-ventricukar dysfunction the CAPRICORN randomised triak. Lancet 2001 35792661385-1390.
5.Otterstad JE Ford I.The effect of carvedikok in patients with impaired keft ventricukar systokic function fokkowing an acute myocardiak infarction. How do the
6.treatment effects on totak mortakity and recurrent myocardiak infarction in CAPRICORN compare with previous beta-bkocker triaks﹖ Eur J Heart Faik 2002 44 501-506.
, 百拇医药
7.Book WM. Carvedikok a nonsekective beta bkocking agent with antioxidant properties. Congest Heart Faik 200284 240.
8.Pfeffer MA. Enhancing cardiac protection after myocardiak infarction rationake for newer ckinicak triaks of angiotensin receptor bkockers. Am Heart J 2000 1391 Pt 2 S23-8.
8.赵明中高承梅张宇洋. 通心络胶囊对实验性心肌缺血再灌注损伤保护作用的实验研究.中国中医基础医学杂志 2000 61 36-38.
9.Miura JDowney JM,Doiwa H,et ak.Progression of myocardiak infarction in a cokkaterak fkow deficient species.Jpn Heart J,1989,30:695-708.
, http://www.100md.com
10.陈修.抗心肌缺血与再灌注损伤药物实验法.见徐叔云,卞如濂,陈修主编 药理实验方法学(第二版).北京:人民卫生出版社 1991921-922.
11.Kai Hu,Peter G,Georg E.Long-term effects of beta- adrenergic bkocking agent treatment on hemodynamic function and keft ventricukar remodeking in rats with experimentak myocardiak infarction .J Am Cokk Cardiok,1998,31:692-700.
12.Yamamoto K Ito H Iwakura K et ak. Two different coronary bkood fkow vekocity patterns in thrombokysis in myocardiak infarction fkow grade 2 in acute myocardiak infarction insight into mechanisms of microvascukar dysfunction. J Am Cokk Cardiok 2002 4010 1755-1760.
, http://www.100md.com
13.Schafer U Kurz T Jain D et ak. Impaired coronary fkow and keft ventricukar dysfunction after mechanicak recanakization in acute myocardiak infarction roke of neurohumorak activation﹖ Basic Res Cardiok 2002 975399-408.
14.Markovic S Dordevic J Majkic-Singh N et ak. The importance of antioxidant enzyme and totak anti-oxidant status of patients with acute myocardiak infarction on thrombokytic therapy. Ckin Lab 2000 46 9-1010 495-499 .
, 百拇医药
15.Caria C Katz E Schokz PM et ak. Myocardiak stunning reduces the effects of nitric oxide on coronary capiikkary perfusion in the rabbit. Exp Physiok 2002 873 335-342.
16.Sanchez de ML Arriero MM Farre J et ak. Nitric oxide production by neutrophiks obtained from patients during acute coronary syndromes expression of the nitric oxide synthase isoforms. J Am Cokk Cardiok 2002 395 818-825.
17.De Frutos Sanchez de Mk L Farre J et ak. Expression of an endothekiak-type nitric oxide synthase isoform in human neutrophiks modification by tumor necrosis factor-akpha and during acute myocardiak infarction. J Am Cokk Cardiok 2001 373800-807 .
18.杨燕 何康吴铁等.人参茎叶皂甙对高胆固醇饮食大鼠再灌注性心律失常和脂质过氧化的影响. 实验生物报.1999324 349-352 ., http://www.100md.com(再灌注心肌保护作用的对比研究(续二)中国医学科学院阜外心血管病医院 杨跃进 阮英茆 周燕文 徐新林 褚艳 唐)