β-受体阻滞剂治疗充血性心力衰竭研究进展
http://www.100md.com
临床心血管病杂志
1992年Katz曾预言:到2000年β-受体阻滞剂将成为重要的治疗充血性心力衰竭(CHF)的负性肌力药物,近年来有关β-受体阻滞剂对CHF患者的死亡率影响的几个大系列临床研究结果,已使这一预言得到了初步的印证。
1 β-受体阻滞剂治疗CHF的临床试验
1.1 早期临床试验
1975年瑞典Waagstein等最早发表了7例扩张型心肌病(DCM)患者运用β-受体阻滞剂治疗的临床观察报道,疗程为2~12个月,所有患者临床情况改善,心功能好转,心脏缩小。随后,陆续有一些类似研究也获得了肯定的结论,收集的病例数已超过3 000例,但这些观察的样本普遍较小,其中不少未设对照组,且观察时间也不够长。90年代初开始在世界范围内进行了几个大规模、长期的多中心研究。1993年报道的MDC (The Metoprolol in Dilated Cardiomyopathy Study)研究〔1〕,共观察383例DCM 患者,其中94%的患者心功能(NYHA)Ⅲ~Ⅳ级,随机双盲接受美托洛尔或安慰剂治疗,美托洛尔的试验剂量从5 mg,2次/d开始,逐渐增至100~150 mg/d,疗程为12~18个月。结果发现,美托洛尔可显著减轻DCM患者的临床症状,改善心功能;左室射血分数(LVEF)显著增加,住院次数显著减少。美托洛尔组需行心脏移植(2例)者显著少于对照组(19例,P20 μV;③LAS40<40 ms。SAECG预测β-受体阻滞剂疗效的敏感性、特异性分别为86%和89%,SAECG能够预测β-受体阻滞剂治疗DCM的疗效,同时SAECG指标异常提示散在增加的间质纤维化存在,而心肌组织纤维化的程度又决定着DCM的转归。
, 百拇医药
对β-受体阻滞剂大规模、长期、多中心的研究,使人们对β-受体阻滞剂治疗心衰的认识大为改变。从β-受体阻滞剂在心衰中运用获得的益处包括左室功能改善、症状缓解、生活质量改善;住院率、需行心脏移植者和死亡率均有显著下降。尽管这一领域仍有不少问题有待于进一步探索,但随着基础研究的深入及临床经验的积累,可以预见β-受体阻滞剂有可能成为心衰患者强心、利尿、扩血管治疗之后的第Ⅳ类重要药物。
参考文献
1,Waagstein F,Bristow M R,Swedberg K,et al.Beneficial effects of metoprolol in idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy. Lancet,1993,342:1441~1456
2,CIBIS Investigators and Committees. A ramdonized trial of β-blockade in heart failure.The cardiac insufficiency bisoprolol study(CIBIS).Circulation,1994,90:1765~1773
, 百拇医药
3,Australia/New Zealand Heart Failure Research. Callaborative group.Randomized,placebo-controlled trial of carvedilol in patients with congestive heart failure due to ischaemic heart disease. Lancet,1997,349:375~380
4,Packer M, Bristow M R,Cohn I N,et al.Effect of carvedilol on morbidity and mortality in chronic heart failure.N Engl J Med,1996,334:1349~1355
5,Fusher L D,Moye L A.Carvedilol and the food and durg administration approval process:An introduction.Control Clin Trials,1999,20:1~15
, 百拇医药
6,CIBIS-Ⅱ investigators and committecs.The cardiac insufficiency bisoprolol study II (CIBIS II) a randomised trial. Lancet,1999,353(9146):9~13
7,MERIT-HF study group.Effect of metopralol CR/XL in chronic heart failure:Metoprolol CR/XL randomised intervention trial in congestive heart failure (MERIT-HF).Lancet,1999,353:2001~2007
8,Eichhorn E J. Medical therapy of chronic heart failure. Role of ACE inhibitors and beta-blockers. Cardiol Clin, 1998,16:711~725
, 百拇医药
9,Regitz-Zagrosek V,Leuchs B, Krulls-Munch J,et al.Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and beta-blockers in long-term treatment of dilated cardiomyo-
pathy.Am Heart J,1995,129:754~754
10,Toyama T, Aihara Y, Iwasaki T, et al. Cardiac sympathetic activity estimated by 123 I-MIBG myocar-dial imaging in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy after beta-blocker or angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor therapy. J Nucl Med,1999,40: 217~223
11,Cohn J N,Rector T S.Prognosis of congestive heart failure and predictors of mortality.Am J Cardiol,1998,62:25~30, 百拇医药
1 β-受体阻滞剂治疗CHF的临床试验
1.1 早期临床试验
1975年瑞典Waagstein等最早发表了7例扩张型心肌病(DCM)患者运用β-受体阻滞剂治疗的临床观察报道,疗程为2~12个月,所有患者临床情况改善,心功能好转,心脏缩小。随后,陆续有一些类似研究也获得了肯定的结论,收集的病例数已超过3 000例,但这些观察的样本普遍较小,其中不少未设对照组,且观察时间也不够长。90年代初开始在世界范围内进行了几个大规模、长期的多中心研究。1993年报道的MDC (The Metoprolol in Dilated Cardiomyopathy Study)研究〔1〕,共观察383例DCM 患者,其中94%的患者心功能(NYHA)Ⅲ~Ⅳ级,随机双盲接受美托洛尔或安慰剂治疗,美托洛尔的试验剂量从5 mg,2次/d开始,逐渐增至100~150 mg/d,疗程为12~18个月。结果发现,美托洛尔可显著减轻DCM患者的临床症状,改善心功能;左室射血分数(LVEF)显著增加,住院次数显著减少。美托洛尔组需行心脏移植(2例)者显著少于对照组(19例,P20 μV;③LAS40<40 ms。SAECG预测β-受体阻滞剂疗效的敏感性、特异性分别为86%和89%,SAECG能够预测β-受体阻滞剂治疗DCM的疗效,同时SAECG指标异常提示散在增加的间质纤维化存在,而心肌组织纤维化的程度又决定着DCM的转归。
, 百拇医药
对β-受体阻滞剂大规模、长期、多中心的研究,使人们对β-受体阻滞剂治疗心衰的认识大为改变。从β-受体阻滞剂在心衰中运用获得的益处包括左室功能改善、症状缓解、生活质量改善;住院率、需行心脏移植者和死亡率均有显著下降。尽管这一领域仍有不少问题有待于进一步探索,但随着基础研究的深入及临床经验的积累,可以预见β-受体阻滞剂有可能成为心衰患者强心、利尿、扩血管治疗之后的第Ⅳ类重要药物。
参考文献
1,Waagstein F,Bristow M R,Swedberg K,et al.Beneficial effects of metoprolol in idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy. Lancet,1993,342:1441~1456
2,CIBIS Investigators and Committees. A ramdonized trial of β-blockade in heart failure.The cardiac insufficiency bisoprolol study(CIBIS).Circulation,1994,90:1765~1773
, 百拇医药
3,Australia/New Zealand Heart Failure Research. Callaborative group.Randomized,placebo-controlled trial of carvedilol in patients with congestive heart failure due to ischaemic heart disease. Lancet,1997,349:375~380
4,Packer M, Bristow M R,Cohn I N,et al.Effect of carvedilol on morbidity and mortality in chronic heart failure.N Engl J Med,1996,334:1349~1355
5,Fusher L D,Moye L A.Carvedilol and the food and durg administration approval process:An introduction.Control Clin Trials,1999,20:1~15
, 百拇医药
6,CIBIS-Ⅱ investigators and committecs.The cardiac insufficiency bisoprolol study II (CIBIS II) a randomised trial. Lancet,1999,353(9146):9~13
7,MERIT-HF study group.Effect of metopralol CR/XL in chronic heart failure:Metoprolol CR/XL randomised intervention trial in congestive heart failure (MERIT-HF).Lancet,1999,353:2001~2007
8,Eichhorn E J. Medical therapy of chronic heart failure. Role of ACE inhibitors and beta-blockers. Cardiol Clin, 1998,16:711~725
, 百拇医药
9,Regitz-Zagrosek V,Leuchs B, Krulls-Munch J,et al.Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and beta-blockers in long-term treatment of dilated cardiomyo-
pathy.Am Heart J,1995,129:754~754
10,Toyama T, Aihara Y, Iwasaki T, et al. Cardiac sympathetic activity estimated by 123 I-MIBG myocar-dial imaging in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy after beta-blocker or angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor therapy. J Nucl Med,1999,40: 217~223
11,Cohn J N,Rector T S.Prognosis of congestive heart failure and predictors of mortality.Am J Cardiol,1998,62:25~30, 百拇医药
参见:首页 > 医疗版 > 疾病专题 > 心血管科 > 心力衰竭 > 充血性心力衰竭