【摘要】 目的 探讨肾移植术后肿瘤发生情况和防治措施。 方法 对1978年6月～1998年5月行同种异体肾移植1624次/1 547人术后肿瘤发生情况和免疫抑制剂使用进行回顾性分析。 结果 本组发现恶性肿瘤22例，发生率为1.42%。分别发生于移植术后6个月～10年，平均4.8年。其中皮肤癌8例，肝右叶囊性腺癌1例，肝细胞癌2例，胃癌1例，直肠癌1例，结肠癌2例，回盲部腺癌1例，肾盂移行上皮癌2例，膀胱平滑肌肉瘤1例，肺恶性淋巴瘤1例，乳癌1例，口唇鳞癌1例。16例行手术治疗，现存活13例。6例属病变晚期，短期内死亡。 结论 肾移植术后免疫抑制剂的使用与肿瘤发生密切相关，应定期评估移植受者的免疫状态，早期发现肿瘤，并及时手术治疗，并减少免疫抑制剂用量。

et al.Renal TransplantationCenter,Changzheng Hospital,Second Military Medical University,Shanghai 200003

【Abstract】 Objective Toinvestigate the occurrence of malignancies after renal transplantation. Methods Aretrospective study of 1 624 renal transplantations in 1 547 patients undertaken betweenJune of 1978 and May of 1998 was carried out. Results Malignantgrowth was noted after the transplantation in 22 (1.42%) patients occurred 6 months to 10years postoperatively with an average of 4.8 years.There were 8 cases of carcinoma ofskin,1 cystadenocarcinoma of lobus hepatis dexter,3 liver carcinoma,1 carcinoma ofstomach,1 carcinoma of rectum, 2 carcinoma of colon,1 adenocarcinoma of cecum,2transitional cell carcinoma of renal pelvis,1 malignant lymphoma of lung,1 breast cancerand 1 carcinoma of lip.Surgical treatment was undertaken in 16,13 of them have been livingand well.6 late cases died soon after the diagnosis. Conclusions Theoccurrence of malignant growth is intimately related to the use of immunosupresants.Theimmunological status of the patients after renal transplantation should be evaluated infollow up studies.Early detection of the transplantation associated malignant growth withprompt surgical management and reduction of the doses of immunosupresants are mandatory.

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