Mediastinal Lymph Nodes Number and Sizes in Brazil
http://www.100md.com
参见附件(629kb)。
RESEARCH ARTICLES
Mediastinal Lymph Nodes Number and Sizes in Brazilian Adults
Aurelino Fernandes Schmidt Jr1*, Olavo Ribeiro. Rodrigues2, Roberto Storte Matheus2, Fabio Biscegli Jatene1
Abstract: The involvement of mediastinal lymph nodes in pathologic processes, with consequent volume increase is well known. However the normal size definition for the mediastinal lymph nodes remains unset. To determine the number and size of lymph nodes according to its position in the mediastinum, fifty human adult cadavers were dissected according to NARUKE/ATS-LCSG map (1997). A total of 1,742 lymph nodes were dissected, with a mean of 2.58 nodes for each station. A digital process was employed to measure area and major/minor axis of each specimen. The lymph nodes were present in 90% to 100% in stations #1, #2R, #4R, #5 and #7, and 28% to 82% in the other stations. The mean area, major and minor axis were larger in stations #7 (195.59mm2, 18.75mm× 0.92mm) and #4R (115.32mm2, 13.72mm× 8.30mm), with a mean of 49.41mm2, 9.40mm×5.76mm in the other regions, respectively. The evaluation of the lymph nodes' sizes must be considered for each mediastinal region. Different size patterns could be presented in different populations. The lymph node size increased as function of coalescence due to previous granulomatous lesions, causing a decrease in the total number of lymph nodes.
Key words: lymph nodes; mediastinum; surgery; anatomy and histology; human
The importance of the mediastinal lymph nodes is regretted to its involvement in many neoplastic and infectious diseases, although the normal distribution and sizes of these lymph nodes are still unset. Nodal staging is dependent on knowledge of normal size, which is known to vary with patient environment [1].
Because the anatomical study of the mediastinum is possible to accomplish a normal pattern of the lymph nodes sizes and numbers in this specific population. The aim was to analyze the number and size of mediastinal region in the Brazilian population.
METHODS AND MATERIALS
Fifty-five cadavers with cause of death not directly related to diseases of the mediastinal nodes were dissected by the author. Five were excluded due to pleural carcinomatosis, pleural empyema, pachypleuritis and mediastinal fibrosis. Fifty were analyzed. 38 (76%) were male and 12 (24%) were female. The age varied from 36 to 90 years, mean 59.9±14.1 years. The cadavers were positioned in lateral decubitus and a posterio-lateral thoracotomy was performed. The right side was dissected first, completing the dissection by the following contralateral access. The mediastinal pleura was opened and all the mediastinal fat tissues were removed with the lymph nodes on it. The dissection was based on the anatomical repairs defined by the NARUKE/ATS-LCSG map (1997) [2]. The mediastinal fat containing the lymph nodes were identified by the usual nomenclature and fixed in 10% formalin. After seven days of fixation, the lymph nodes were dissected from the mediastinal fat, counted and photographed by the milimetered scale ......
RESEARCH ARTICLES
Mediastinal Lymph Nodes Number and Sizes in Brazilian Adults
Aurelino Fernandes Schmidt Jr1*, Olavo Ribeiro. Rodrigues2, Roberto Storte Matheus2, Fabio Biscegli Jatene1
Abstract: The involvement of mediastinal lymph nodes in pathologic processes, with consequent volume increase is well known. However the normal size definition for the mediastinal lymph nodes remains unset. To determine the number and size of lymph nodes according to its position in the mediastinum, fifty human adult cadavers were dissected according to NARUKE/ATS-LCSG map (1997). A total of 1,742 lymph nodes were dissected, with a mean of 2.58 nodes for each station. A digital process was employed to measure area and major/minor axis of each specimen. The lymph nodes were present in 90% to 100% in stations #1, #2R, #4R, #5 and #7, and 28% to 82% in the other stations. The mean area, major and minor axis were larger in stations #7 (195.59mm2, 18.75mm× 0.92mm) and #4R (115.32mm2, 13.72mm× 8.30mm), with a mean of 49.41mm2, 9.40mm×5.76mm in the other regions, respectively. The evaluation of the lymph nodes' sizes must be considered for each mediastinal region. Different size patterns could be presented in different populations. The lymph node size increased as function of coalescence due to previous granulomatous lesions, causing a decrease in the total number of lymph nodes.
Key words: lymph nodes; mediastinum; surgery; anatomy and histology; human
The importance of the mediastinal lymph nodes is regretted to its involvement in many neoplastic and infectious diseases, although the normal distribution and sizes of these lymph nodes are still unset. Nodal staging is dependent on knowledge of normal size, which is known to vary with patient environment [1].
Because the anatomical study of the mediastinum is possible to accomplish a normal pattern of the lymph nodes sizes and numbers in this specific population. The aim was to analyze the number and size of mediastinal region in the Brazilian population.
METHODS AND MATERIALS
Fifty-five cadavers with cause of death not directly related to diseases of the mediastinal nodes were dissected by the author. Five were excluded due to pleural carcinomatosis, pleural empyema, pachypleuritis and mediastinal fibrosis. Fifty were analyzed. 38 (76%) were male and 12 (24%) were female. The age varied from 36 to 90 years, mean 59.9±14.1 years. The cadavers were positioned in lateral decubitus and a posterio-lateral thoracotomy was performed. The right side was dissected first, completing the dissection by the following contralateral access. The mediastinal pleura was opened and all the mediastinal fat tissues were removed with the lymph nodes on it. The dissection was based on the anatomical repairs defined by the NARUKE/ATS-LCSG map (1997) [2]. The mediastinal fat containing the lymph nodes were identified by the usual nomenclature and fixed in 10% formalin. After seven days of fixation, the lymph nodes were dissected from the mediastinal fat, counted and photographed by the milimetered scale ......
您现在查看是摘要介绍页，详见DOC附件(629kb)。