【摘要】 目的 分析CT表现为双基底节对称性低密度的各种疾病，探讨其鉴别要点。方法 回顾分析了36例经临床证实的双基底节区对称性低密度病变的CT表现。其中肝豆状核变性12例，病毒性脑炎6例，CO中毒6例，儿童缺氧缺血性脑病后遗症4例，脑梗死4例，海洛因白质脑病2例，VitB1缺乏症2例。结果 36例均表现为双基底节(壳核、苍白球、尾状核)对称性低密度影，呈圆形或斑片状，可伴有脑白质低密度病变、脑萎缩、脑软化。结论 CT表现为双基底节对称性低密度病变很多，缺乏特异性，强度诊断必须密切结合临床病史及实验室检查。

    【关键词】 基底节;体层摄影术;X线计算机

    CT diagnosis of symmetric hypodense lesion in the basal ganglia

    YI Wen-zhong,LI Wei-jin,YI Ming-jun,et al.

    Department of Radiology, Affiliated Huaihua Hospital,Nanhua University,Huaihua 418000,China

    【Abstract】 Objective To analyze CT manifestations of various disease at bilateral basal ganglia displaying symmetrical hypodense lesions and study its differential diagnosis.Methods 36 cases of bilateral symmetric hypodense lesions in the basal ganglia were retrospectively analysed. The diseases included 12 cases of hepatolenticular degeneration, 6 viral encephalitis, 6 carbon monoxide poisoning, 4 hypoxic ischemic encephalopath sequela in children(HIE), 4 cerebral infarction, 2 heroin-induced leukoencephalopathy, 2 VitB1 deficiency.Results CT finding in 36 cases were bilateral symmetric hypodense in the region of the basal ganglia, involving putomen and/or pallidum, and or caudate nucleus. Oral or patch in shape, might associate with the white matter hypodense lesions, cerebral atrophy, encephalomalacia.Conclusion On CT, many disease are manifested as symmetrical hypodense lesions at bilateral basal ganglia and none of CT features. It was emphasized that CT diagnosis should combine with clinical feature and laboratory examination. ......