【摘要】 目的 探讨我国临床中抗生素使用与致病菌耐药的因果关系。 方法 综合分析国内外抗生素使用情况及 耐药菌发展趋势。 结果 由于诸多因素所导致的抗生素滥用现象非常普遍，抗生素药物的总体使用率偏高，大约70%～ 80%，耐药菌种类日趋增多。 结论 有必要对抗生素的使用进行规范，围绕着抗生素的合理使用制订出“抗生素应用政 策”，并采取一定的措施和干预手段，使这一政策有效的贯彻和实施。

    【关键词】 抗生素;合理用药;医院感染

    Exploration of the control and the rational use of the antibiotics

    LIU Yu-hong.

    Affiliated Chaoyang Hospital，Capital Medical University，Beijing 100020，China

    【Abstract】 Objective To discuss the contact with the antibacterial usage and antibacterial resistance of pathogenic bacteria. Methods Analysed the situation on the use of antibacterial and the trend of antibacterial -resistant bacteria. Results It is very common of abused antibiotics now days because of many reasons. The percent of antibacterial usage is about 70% to 80%. It occur more and more species of antibacterial-resistant bacteria. Conclusion It is necessary to make the antibacterial usage criterion. The policy should be worked out， which could reasonable use of antibacterial and the methods to make this policy carry out more effectively.

    【Key words】 antibiotics;rational use of drug;nosocomial infection ......