【摘要】 目的 通过对国内院内感染病原菌的分析，建立有效预防院内感染的对策。方法 对国内院内感染的发病部位、易感人群、病原菌特征、耐药性及对策等方面进行综合分析。结果 感染率：大肠埃希菌占9.72%，对阿米卡星、头孢曲松、头孢哌酮/舒巴坦较敏感，对亚胺培南高度敏感；金黄色葡萄球菌占9.47%，对阿米卡星、头孢哌酮、氨苄西林/舒巴坦、复方新诺明较敏感，对万古霉素呈高度敏感；肺炎克雷伯菌占8.73%，对环丙沙星、阿米卡星、头孢曲松、头孢他啶、头孢哌酮/舒巴坦、头孢吡肟较敏感，对亚胺培南高度敏感；铜绿假单胞菌占8.64%，对阿米卡星、头孢哌酮/舒巴坦、亚胺培南呈高度敏感；白色念珠菌占8.52%，对两性霉素、氟康唑、5-氟尿嘧啶、制霉菌素都较敏感。结论 提高医务人员对院内感染的认识，开展科学合理选用抗生素教育、严格掌握侵入性诊疗手段的适用指征、落实好消毒隔离制度、强化抗生素宏观管理等均是有效降低院内感染率的措施。

    【关键词】 院内感染；部位；易感；病原菌；特征；耐药性；对策

    Nosocomial infection headway

    CHEN Chang-hong，Han Fu-hong.

    Tianjin Dongli Health and Disease Prevention Station 300300，China

    【Abstract】 Objective Set up a effective countermeasure for nosocomial infection through the analysis of domestic pathogenic bacterium of nosocomial infection. Methods General analysis of domestic pathogenic bacterium of pathogenic section、impressionable people、characteristic of pathogenic bacterium、antibiotic resistances and countermeasure etc.Results The methods of effective decreasing nosocomial infection rate are as follows:enhancing consciousness of nosocomial infection for doctors and nurses;training the doctors and nurses how to rational use antibiotic.Conclusion Master the characteristic of invasive practice.Enhancing regulation of disinfection and isolation;Enhancing administration of antibiotic and so on ......