关键词: 头颅侧向旋转;枕颈部移位;轴索损伤;动物模型

    中图号:R651.15

    摘 要:目的 寻找头颅侧向旋转对大鼠寰枕区致伤作用的形态学证据. 方法 SD大鼠15只(对照组3只，损伤组12只).采用自制头颅旋转致伤装置，将损伤组头颅右向旋转90°，伤后6，12，24和72h分批处死动物制脑切片，Glees-Marsland镀银和NF68免疫组化染色，光镜下观察神经轴索变化. 结果 旋转后大鼠寰枕区蛛网膜下腔出血，延、颈髓小灶状出血.伤后6h，延、颈髓神经轴索肿胀，轴缩球形成;轴索及轴缩球NF68阳性染色.12～24h，轴索肿胀明显，轴缩球密度达高峰，NF68阳性更强.72h，NF68阳性染色仍呈较强水平.同时间比较，延髓轴缩球较多，而颈髓轴索肿胀则更突出，提示颈髓的损伤轻于延髓. 结论 头颅瞬间侧向旋转，通过剪力效应，造成延、颈髓神经轴索损伤;颈椎椎管由于限制了颈髓的移位，可以部分抵消旋转剪力对颈髓的致伤作用.

    Morphological study of injury┐induced effects of lateral head rotation on the atlanto┐occipital area in rat HE

    Xiao-Sheng，ZHANG Xiang，FEI Zhou

    Institute of Neurosurgery of Chinese PLA，Xijing Hospital，Fourth Military Medical University，Xi'an710033，China

    Keywords:lateral head rotation;shift of occipito-cervical area;axonal injury;animal model

    Abstract:AIM To study the morphological evidence of in-jury-induced effects of lateral head rotation on the atlanto-oc-cipital area in rat.METHODS Fifteen SD rats were selected and divided into sham group(n=3)and injury group(n=12).The head of rats in injury group was rotated immediate-ly in the coronal plane through90°to the right by means of a rotating injury device.The injured animals were sacrificed respectively at6 ......