【摘要】 近年来，乳腺癌的治疗发生了很大的变化。乳房切除后行乳房再造已逐渐成为乳腺癌治疗的一个组成部分。研究表明乳腺癌乳房切除后即刻乳房再造是安全可行的，它既不影响肿瘤的复发和病人的总生存，也不影响辅助治疗的进行。此外，自体组织乳房再造对放射治疗有较好的耐受性，但放射治疗有增加乳房假体包膜挛缩发生的危险。即刻乳房再造的手术方法有使用乳房假体和组织扩张器法以及利用自体组织乳房再造方法。自体组织乳房再造可采用带蒂背阔肌肌皮瓣、横行腹直肌肌皮瓣及游离转移皮瓣等方法。另外，保留乳房皮肤的乳腺切除更有利于即刻乳房再造的实施。

    【关键词】 乳腺癌；乳房切除；乳房再造

    Immediate breast reconstruction after mastectomy for breast cancer

    KANG Hua.

    Department of General Surgery，Xuanwu Hospital，Capital University of Medical Sciences，Beijing 100053，China

    【Abstract】 In recent years，there was a great development in the treatment of breast cancer.Surgical reconstruction of the breast following mastectomy has been becoming an important aspect of the cancer patient’s rehabilitation process.The safety of immediate breast reconstruction after mastectomy has been demonstrated，which has no significant effect on cancer recurrence or overall survival and does not delay the starting of adjuvant therapy.Furthermore，irradiation of autogenous tissue reconstruction is usually well tolerated，but irradiation of a prosthetic implant has been shown to increase the rate of capsular contracture.The surgical techniques involved in reconstruction include the use of breast implants and tissue expansion ......