幽门螺杆菌毒素相关基因的克隆、测序及表达
关键词: 螺杆菌幽门细胞;毒素相关基因;基因克隆;基因表达;温度诱导
摘 要:目的 分段扩增、克隆幽门螺杆菌毒素相关基因cagA中间区cag1,cag2,并利用大肠杆菌系统表达. 方法 PCR法扩增cagA基因,双脱氧中止法测序正确后,克隆入大肠杆菌表达载体pBV220,受控于PR P L 启动子,转化大肠杆菌DH5α,42℃进行温度诱导. 结果 PCR分段扩增出cagA中间区基因cag1,cag2,分别为975,755bp,克隆入pUC19质粒,测序正确;在pBV中构建cag1,cag2的重组表达载体pBVcagA1,pBVcagA2,工程菌诱导后SDS-PAGE显示新生表达蛋白带,Mr :Cag136×103 ,Cag227.9×103 ,均与预期的cagA蛋白Mr 一致,约占菌体总蛋白的36%和24%. 结论 成功克隆分段扩增的cagA中间区基因,并可在大肠杆菌DH5α中高效表达.
Cloning,sequencing and expression of the gene of Helicobacter pylori cagA
LI Xu-Jun,HAN Feng-Chan,YAN Xiao-Jun,SU Cheng-Zhi
Institute of Genetic Diagnosis Technology of Chi-nese PLA,Fourth Military Medical University,Xi'an710033,China
Keywords:Helicobacter pylori;cytotoxin-associated gene(cagA);gene cloning;gene expression;temper-ature induce
Abstract:AIM To amplify and clone the middle region of Helicobacter pylori cagA gene,and express the proteins in E.coli.METHODS After the cag1and cag2were amplified by PCR and sequencd by dideoxy methods,they were insert-ed into expression vector pBV220in which exogenous gene was controlled by PR PL promoters.The recombinant plasmids pBVcag1and pBVcag2were transformed into E.coli DH5αand induced at42℃respectively to express the encoded pro┐teins.RESULTS The middle region of cagA was amplified and975,755bp products were got as cag1,cag2,which were cloned into pUC19and sequenced correctly.Then,their recombination expression clones pBVcagA1and pBVcagA2were constructed.When their engineered bactera were in-duced,the anticipated Mr 36×10
3 and27.9×103 proteins band appeared on SDS-PAGE gel and amounted to36%and24%of total bacterial protein respectively.CONCLUSION The H.pylori cagA middle region might be successfully cloned and efficiently expressed fractionally in E.coli.
0 引言
毒素相关基因A(cytotoxin-associated gene,cagA)基因是cag致病岛的一部分,其OFR约3542bp左右,3'端存在变异,相应蛋白Mr 为(1.28~1.40)×105[1] ,是胃内致病微生物幽门螺杆菌(Hp)主要的毒力因子之一,参与胃、十二指肠溃疡及胃癌等的发病,并与疾病的转归有关[2-4] .中国Hp感染率高达80%以上,且大多为cagA+ Hp的感染[5] .现在一些Hp标准菌株的cagA基因已克隆[6,7] ,其表达产物cagA具有较强的抗原性,其滴度可反应Hp株间的毒力差异,而且和疾病发展也有一定的相关性[1] .对Hp感染的检测可通过对抗cagA抗体的检测进行.将cagA分段表达,同时用来检测患者血清,可以更全面、准确、清晰地了解患者Hp的感染情况.我们利用原核表达系统分段克隆表达cagA基因中间区,为Hp感染的检测及治疗提供基础.
1 材料和方法
1.1 材料 大肠杆菌JM109,DH5α,pUC19及pBV220质粒为本所保存;pMC3为含cagA基因5'端大部分的pBluescript质粒,由美国Vanderlilt大学Tummuru博士惠赠.限制性内切酶、连接酶、核酸修饰酶及Taq酶均为宝生物公司产品.
1.2 方法 据标准菌株cagA序列[6,7] 设计PCR引物,进行分段扩增:
cag1正向ACAGAATTCATGGACATGGATCCC AATTACAAGT反向GTTGTCGACTTACTCGTCATAGTT GCCTGTGTT
cag2正向AGAGGATCCATGGAGGTGAAACGA GCTCAG反向TCACTGCAGTGGCCTCTATTCCAG ATAACC
cag1正向引物加起始码(ATG)及EcoRI酶切位点,反向引物上加终止码(TAA)及SalI酶切位点;cag2正向引物加起始码(ATG)及BamHI酶切位点,反向引物上加终止码(TAA)及PstI酶切位点.以pMC3为模板,反应条件为95℃5min,94℃1min,55℃1min,72℃1min.PCR产物克隆及鉴定用EcoRI+SalI(cag1),BamHI+PstI(cag2)分别双酶切纯化的PCR产物与pUC19质粒,连接外源DNA与对应线性化pUC19质粒,转化E.coli JM109,氨苄青霉素抗性及蓝白筛选,挑选白色克隆,酶切鉴定重组克隆.核苷酸序列由基康公司测序.H.pylori cag1,cag2与表达载体的重组.
目的蛋白的诱导表达:工程菌在含氨苄青霉素(100mg L-1 )的LB培养液中30℃振荡过夜,次日按1%转接扩大培养,继续30℃振荡2~4h,当A600nm =0.6时,立即转入42℃水浴摇床快速振荡5h.
SDS聚丙稀酰胺凝胶电泳(SDS-PAGE):4℃离心收集菌体,用含3mL L-1 巯基乙醇载样液处理(100℃6~8min),考马斯亮蓝R-250染色.
2 结果
PCR扩增cag1,cag2,分别得到975和755bp的片段(Fig1).随机挑选白色克隆,经双酶切鉴定,证实含有975和755bp的插入片段(Fig2).阳性克隆送交基康公司测序,测序正确.
2.1 pBV┐cag1,pBV┐cag2表达质粒的构建 用EcoRI+SalI(c1),BamHI+PstI(c2)分别酶切pUC19-c1,pUC-c2重组克隆和pBV220,经回收分别得到cag1,cag2基因和线性化pBV220,连接外源DNA和线性化pBV220,转化DH5α感受态细胞,氨苄青霉素抗性筛选,挑选菌落培养,提取质粒酶切鉴定,得到正确重组克隆pBV-cag1,pBV-cag2(Fig3).
2.2 cagA在大肠杆菌中的表达 pBV-cag1,pBV-cag2重组质粒以大肠杆菌DH5α宿主菌,按方法进行温度诱导,42℃诱导培养的工程菌经还原处理后作 SDS-PAGE,考马斯亮蓝染色,与对照菌株比较,工程菌在Mr 36×103 ,27.9×103 处各出现一条明显的新生蛋白带,其含量随诱导时间延长而增加,5~6h达高峰,而后趋于稳定,6h诱导工程菌电泳薄层扫描显示目的蛋白约占菌体总蛋白的36%和24%(Fig4).
图1 - 图2 略
3 讨论
Hp主要寄居在胃幽门附近的胃窦粘膜上,故名幽门螺杆菌.它可释放多种毒性酶类(如尿素酶、脂酶、粘液酶等)和毒素引起对胃粘膜屏障的损害,还能使机体产生炎症和免疫反应,增加胃泌素的分泌,最终导致疾病形成.Hp的基因具有高度多态性,不同个体不同地区源性的Hp毒力不同;50%以上的Hp菌株可释放空泡毒素(VacA)和毒素相关蛋白(CagA),这种Hp被称为产毒型Hp,又称I型Hp[8] ,其致病力更强,通过患者血中CagA抗体检测可诊断是否为这种产毒型Hp感染[9] .cagA+ Hp是活动性胃炎及消化性溃疡的主要病因之一;在欧美,cagA+ Hp的感染已被认为是胃癌可能发生的先兆,但在cagA+ Hp感染率很高的亚洲,这种联系并不紧密[5,10] .但已证实的是,Hp可抑制胃粘膜上皮细胞的增殖,cagA+ Hp抑制作用明显弱于cagA- Hp,原因在于cagA+ Hp可损伤胃粘膜上皮细胞使其持续增殖,提示cagA+ Hp和胃癌相关[11] .研究还发现,97%胃腺癌患者为cagA
+ Hp感染者;和cagA- Hp感染相比,cagA+ 的Hp感染可明显降低胃液中的Vit.C的水平,从而刺激胃癌的发生[12] .也有报道认为,cagA+ Hp感染和胃癌的发生没有关联[5] .此外,cagA+ Hp感染还与功能性消化不良,低度恶性胃粘膜淋巴组织(MALT)淋巴瘤等相关;在Hp感染后出现的MALT淋巴瘤在根除Hp感染后可以消退[2-4,8] .cagA+ 的Hp菌株都表达CagA蛋白,感染后产生可测的抗体反应[5] ,CagA抗体的存在提示患者可能存在高危的或更严重的疾病.在儿童中,高滴度的CagA抗体反应伴随较严重的感染[13] .Hp血清反应阳性与胃癌阶段也有一定的关系,晚期癌症患者对CagA的免疫反应明显受抑制,胃癌早期患者可出现强阳性反应[14] ,因此,CagA抗体的检测十分重要.
图3 略
pBV220为含PR PL 启动子的原核高效表达载体, 它同时含有温度敏感阻抑物cI调控基因,多酶切位点和两个强的转录终止序列,全长3.66kb[9] .为使cagA获得高效表达,我们选择pBV220非融合蛋白表达载体,用EcoRI+SalI(c1),BamHI+PstI(c2)酶切pUC/cagA,回收酶切目的片段,克隆入pBV220中,重组基因受控于温度诱导启动子PR PL ,基因起始密码子ATG与SD序列之间的长度为7~13bp,距离合适,结构利于mRNA翻译起始,因此重组质粒得以在宿主菌中高效表达.SDS-PAGE显示温度诱导表达出Mr 36000,27900的单体蛋白,与预期CagA1,CagA2的Mr 一致.表达产物占菌体蛋白的36%和24%.这将为发展简便、廉价的免疫学诊断cagA+ Hp感染的方法及抗CagA+ Hp疫苗的制备奠定基础.
图4 略
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作者简介: 李女句君(1973-),女(汉族),湖北省孝感市人.博士生(导师苏成芝).Tel.(029)3374771
第四军医大学全军基因诊断技术研究所,陕西西安710033
编辑 许昌泰, 百拇医药(李女句君 韩锋产 闫小君 苏成芝)
摘 要:目的 分段扩增、克隆幽门螺杆菌毒素相关基因cagA中间区cag1,cag2,并利用大肠杆菌系统表达. 方法 PCR法扩增cagA基因,双脱氧中止法测序正确后,克隆入大肠杆菌表达载体pBV220,受控于PR P L 启动子,转化大肠杆菌DH5α,42℃进行温度诱导. 结果 PCR分段扩增出cagA中间区基因cag1,cag2,分别为975,755bp,克隆入pUC19质粒,测序正确;在pBV中构建cag1,cag2的重组表达载体pBVcagA1,pBVcagA2,工程菌诱导后SDS-PAGE显示新生表达蛋白带,Mr :Cag136×103 ,Cag227.9×103 ,均与预期的cagA蛋白Mr 一致,约占菌体总蛋白的36%和24%. 结论 成功克隆分段扩增的cagA中间区基因,并可在大肠杆菌DH5α中高效表达.
Cloning,sequencing and expression of the gene of Helicobacter pylori cagA
LI Xu-Jun,HAN Feng-Chan,YAN Xiao-Jun,SU Cheng-Zhi
Institute of Genetic Diagnosis Technology of Chi-nese PLA,Fourth Military Medical University,Xi'an710033,China
Keywords:Helicobacter pylori;cytotoxin-associated gene(cagA);gene cloning;gene expression;temper-ature induce
Abstract:AIM To amplify and clone the middle region of Helicobacter pylori cagA gene,and express the proteins in E.coli.METHODS After the cag1and cag2were amplified by PCR and sequencd by dideoxy methods,they were insert-ed into expression vector pBV220in which exogenous gene was controlled by PR PL promoters.The recombinant plasmids pBVcag1and pBVcag2were transformed into E.coli DH5αand induced at42℃respectively to express the encoded pro┐teins.RESULTS The middle region of cagA was amplified and975,755bp products were got as cag1,cag2,which were cloned into pUC19and sequenced correctly.Then,their recombination expression clones pBVcagA1and pBVcagA2were constructed.When their engineered bactera were in-duced,the anticipated Mr 36×10
3 and27.9×103 proteins band appeared on SDS-PAGE gel and amounted to36%and24%of total bacterial protein respectively.CONCLUSION The H.pylori cagA middle region might be successfully cloned and efficiently expressed fractionally in E.coli.
0 引言
毒素相关基因A(cytotoxin-associated gene,cagA)基因是cag致病岛的一部分,其OFR约3542bp左右,3'端存在变异,相应蛋白Mr 为(1.28~1.40)×105[1] ,是胃内致病微生物幽门螺杆菌(Hp)主要的毒力因子之一,参与胃、十二指肠溃疡及胃癌等的发病,并与疾病的转归有关[2-4] .中国Hp感染率高达80%以上,且大多为cagA+ Hp的感染[5] .现在一些Hp标准菌株的cagA基因已克隆[6,7] ,其表达产物cagA具有较强的抗原性,其滴度可反应Hp株间的毒力差异,而且和疾病发展也有一定的相关性[1] .对Hp感染的检测可通过对抗cagA抗体的检测进行.将cagA分段表达,同时用来检测患者血清,可以更全面、准确、清晰地了解患者Hp的感染情况.我们利用原核表达系统分段克隆表达cagA基因中间区,为Hp感染的检测及治疗提供基础.
1 材料和方法
1.1 材料 大肠杆菌JM109,DH5α,pUC19及pBV220质粒为本所保存;pMC3为含cagA基因5'端大部分的pBluescript质粒,由美国Vanderlilt大学Tummuru博士惠赠.限制性内切酶、连接酶、核酸修饰酶及Taq酶均为宝生物公司产品.
1.2 方法 据标准菌株cagA序列[6,7] 设计PCR引物,进行分段扩增:
cag1正向ACAGAATTCATGGACATGGATCCC AATTACAAGT反向GTTGTCGACTTACTCGTCATAGTT GCCTGTGTT
cag2正向AGAGGATCCATGGAGGTGAAACGA GCTCAG反向TCACTGCAGTGGCCTCTATTCCAG ATAACC
cag1正向引物加起始码(ATG)及EcoRI酶切位点,反向引物上加终止码(TAA)及SalI酶切位点;cag2正向引物加起始码(ATG)及BamHI酶切位点,反向引物上加终止码(TAA)及PstI酶切位点.以pMC3为模板,反应条件为95℃5min,94℃1min,55℃1min,72℃1min.PCR产物克隆及鉴定用EcoRI+SalI(cag1),BamHI+PstI(cag2)分别双酶切纯化的PCR产物与pUC19质粒,连接外源DNA与对应线性化pUC19质粒,转化E.coli JM109,氨苄青霉素抗性及蓝白筛选,挑选白色克隆,酶切鉴定重组克隆.核苷酸序列由基康公司测序.H.pylori cag1,cag2与表达载体的重组.
目的蛋白的诱导表达:工程菌在含氨苄青霉素(100mg L-1 )的LB培养液中30℃振荡过夜,次日按1%转接扩大培养,继续30℃振荡2~4h,当A600nm =0.6时,立即转入42℃水浴摇床快速振荡5h.
SDS聚丙稀酰胺凝胶电泳(SDS-PAGE):4℃离心收集菌体,用含3mL L-1 巯基乙醇载样液处理(100℃6~8min),考马斯亮蓝R-250染色.
2 结果
PCR扩增cag1,cag2,分别得到975和755bp的片段(Fig1).随机挑选白色克隆,经双酶切鉴定,证实含有975和755bp的插入片段(Fig2).阳性克隆送交基康公司测序,测序正确.
2.1 pBV┐cag1,pBV┐cag2表达质粒的构建 用EcoRI+SalI(c1),BamHI+PstI(c2)分别酶切pUC19-c1,pUC-c2重组克隆和pBV220,经回收分别得到cag1,cag2基因和线性化pBV220,连接外源DNA和线性化pBV220,转化DH5α感受态细胞,氨苄青霉素抗性筛选,挑选菌落培养,提取质粒酶切鉴定,得到正确重组克隆pBV-cag1,pBV-cag2(Fig3).
2.2 cagA在大肠杆菌中的表达 pBV-cag1,pBV-cag2重组质粒以大肠杆菌DH5α宿主菌,按方法进行温度诱导,42℃诱导培养的工程菌经还原处理后作 SDS-PAGE,考马斯亮蓝染色,与对照菌株比较,工程菌在Mr 36×103 ,27.9×103 处各出现一条明显的新生蛋白带,其含量随诱导时间延长而增加,5~6h达高峰,而后趋于稳定,6h诱导工程菌电泳薄层扫描显示目的蛋白约占菌体总蛋白的36%和24%(Fig4).
图1 - 图2 略
3 讨论
Hp主要寄居在胃幽门附近的胃窦粘膜上,故名幽门螺杆菌.它可释放多种毒性酶类(如尿素酶、脂酶、粘液酶等)和毒素引起对胃粘膜屏障的损害,还能使机体产生炎症和免疫反应,增加胃泌素的分泌,最终导致疾病形成.Hp的基因具有高度多态性,不同个体不同地区源性的Hp毒力不同;50%以上的Hp菌株可释放空泡毒素(VacA)和毒素相关蛋白(CagA),这种Hp被称为产毒型Hp,又称I型Hp[8] ,其致病力更强,通过患者血中CagA抗体检测可诊断是否为这种产毒型Hp感染[9] .cagA+ Hp是活动性胃炎及消化性溃疡的主要病因之一;在欧美,cagA+ Hp的感染已被认为是胃癌可能发生的先兆,但在cagA+ Hp感染率很高的亚洲,这种联系并不紧密[5,10] .但已证实的是,Hp可抑制胃粘膜上皮细胞的增殖,cagA+ Hp抑制作用明显弱于cagA- Hp,原因在于cagA+ Hp可损伤胃粘膜上皮细胞使其持续增殖,提示cagA+ Hp和胃癌相关[11] .研究还发现,97%胃腺癌患者为cagA
+ Hp感染者;和cagA- Hp感染相比,cagA+ 的Hp感染可明显降低胃液中的Vit.C的水平,从而刺激胃癌的发生[12] .也有报道认为,cagA+ Hp感染和胃癌的发生没有关联[5] .此外,cagA+ Hp感染还与功能性消化不良,低度恶性胃粘膜淋巴组织(MALT)淋巴瘤等相关;在Hp感染后出现的MALT淋巴瘤在根除Hp感染后可以消退[2-4,8] .cagA+ 的Hp菌株都表达CagA蛋白,感染后产生可测的抗体反应[5] ,CagA抗体的存在提示患者可能存在高危的或更严重的疾病.在儿童中,高滴度的CagA抗体反应伴随较严重的感染[13] .Hp血清反应阳性与胃癌阶段也有一定的关系,晚期癌症患者对CagA的免疫反应明显受抑制,胃癌早期患者可出现强阳性反应[14] ,因此,CagA抗体的检测十分重要.
图3 略
pBV220为含PR PL 启动子的原核高效表达载体, 它同时含有温度敏感阻抑物cI调控基因,多酶切位点和两个强的转录终止序列,全长3.66kb[9] .为使cagA获得高效表达,我们选择pBV220非融合蛋白表达载体,用EcoRI+SalI(c1),BamHI+PstI(c2)酶切pUC/cagA,回收酶切目的片段,克隆入pBV220中,重组基因受控于温度诱导启动子PR PL ,基因起始密码子ATG与SD序列之间的长度为7~13bp,距离合适,结构利于mRNA翻译起始,因此重组质粒得以在宿主菌中高效表达.SDS-PAGE显示温度诱导表达出Mr 36000,27900的单体蛋白,与预期CagA1,CagA2的Mr 一致.表达产物占菌体蛋白的36%和24%.这将为发展简便、廉价的免疫学诊断cagA+ Hp感染的方法及抗CagA+ Hp疫苗的制备奠定基础.
图4 略
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作者简介: 李女句君(1973-),女(汉族),湖北省孝感市人.博士生(导师苏成芝).Tel.(029)3374771
第四军医大学全军基因诊断技术研究所,陕西西安710033
编辑 许昌泰, 百拇医药(李女句君 韩锋产 闫小君 苏成芝)