【摘要】 目的 全身结构最复杂关节是膝关节，也是运动量最大的承重关节，随着交通事故的增多，膝关节损伤也越来越多。采用合适的检查方法，早期明确诊断，做出正确处理，对预后有很大意义。方法 收集我院近5年来资料齐全的膝关节外伤62例。包括：胫骨髁间嵴撕脱骨折、平台骨折、半月板损伤等，所有病例均接受X线摄片、CT扫描、其中部分行核磁共振检查。根据骨折分型，是否伴有韧带或半月板损伤，选择合适的治疗方式。结果 62例膝外伤中髁间嵴撕脱23例，平台骨折29例，伴半月板损伤8例，伴交叉韧带损伤11例。根据CT重建图像，MRI图像，术前得以准确了解损伤情况，50例经手术治愈。结论 CT重建，立体显示膝关节骨损伤状况，能间接提示交叉韧带损伤，MRI则对韧带及关节软骨、半月板损伤及隐性骨折显示较佳。据此可选择合理的手术方式，如髁间嵴撕脱骨折用螺钉内固定术疗效较佳，重度半月板撕裂则可行手术切除。

    【关键词】 膝关节；损伤；影像检查

    【Abstract】 Objective Knee joint is the most sophisticated as well as the most bearable joint of the body. As the increase of traffic accident, we have been treating more and more knee joint trauma patients and how to use suitable examinations to verify the diagnosis in the early stage becomes very significant to prognosis. Methods We collected 62 cases of knee joint trauma in the last five years with full data. They include torn fracture of shank bone eminentia intercondyloidea, platform fracture and meniscus trauma. All the cases by X-ray and CT scanned, some of them took MRI. According to the classification of fracture, if ligament or meniscus trauma is existed, different therapy methods were chosen. Results Among the 62 cases, 23 cases were torn fracture of shank bone eminentia intercondyloidea, 29 cases were platform fracture. Also, 8 cases had meniscus trauma and 11 cases had cross ligament trauma. Before operation, we made very clear the state of trauma by CT reconstruction and the images of MRI, 51 cases were recovered completely. Conclusion CT reconstruction can show knee joint trauma three-dimensionally which can refer to cross ligament trauma indirectly and MRI can show ligament, joint cartilage and meniscus more clearly. So reasonable operations can be chosen, such as using screws to fix torn bones of eminentia intercondyloidea and removing severely damaged meniscus by operation. ......