【摘要】 目的 探讨缺血性脑血管病与颈动脉粥样硬化的关系。方法 对1206例缺血性脑血管病患者进行颈动脉彩色B超检查，检测颈动脉内膜增厚及斑块形成、斑块类型、分布及血流动力学改变。1206例患者中512例短暂性脑缺血发作，694例脑梗死，102例非缺血性脑血管病患者为对照组。结果 缺血性脑血管病颈动脉内膜—中层厚度(IMT)增厚及颈动脉硬化斑块等异常检出率96.8%，其中仅ITM增厚29.8%；ITM增厚伴斑块形成占67.1%；对照组异常检出率为17.6%，与对照组比较差异具有显著性。脑梗死斑块检出率72.7%，TIA组60.2%。脑梗死组脂质斑检出率最高，TIA则钙化斑检出率最高，两组均以混合斑检出最少，分别占8.3%和14.4%。脑梗死斑块发生率高于TIA组，比较差异具有显著性。颈动脉硬化斑块最常见是颈动脉分叉处，其次是颈内动脉颅外段。结论 颈动脉硬化与缺血性脑血管病有密切相关性，颈动脉超声有助于预测缺血性脑血管病的发病危险，指导治疗时机和方法的选择。

    【关键词】 缺血性脑血管病；B超扫描；颈动脉硬化

    Analytic study on carotid artery color B-mode ultrasonographic scanning in patients with ischemic cerebrovascular disease

    ZHANG Jia-dong,WANG Wei,LI Zhao-yang,et al.Department of Neurology,The First Hospital of Harbin，Harbin 150010,China

    【Abstract】 Objective To study the correlation between atherosclerosis of carotid artery and ischemic cerebrovascular disease(ICD)with ultrasonography.Methods The intima-media thickness(IMT)of the posterial wall,the typical and the shape of plaques at carotid artery and dynamics of blood stream in 1206 patients with ICD were detected by color B-mode ultrasonographic tomographic scanning,in these patients,512 cases with transient ischemic attack(TIA)and 694 cases with cerebral infarction(CI),102 cases without cerebrovascular disease were chosen as control group.Results The abnormal detected rates of the IMT and plaques at carotid artery were found in 96.8%,among them only had the IMT 29.8%.The IMT accompanies plaques 67.1%,to compare with the control group had significant difference.The detected rates of plaques in patients with CI was 72.7%,in TIA was 60.2%.The fatty plaques detected in CI group is the highest.The calcium plaques in TIA group is the highest.The occurrence rate of plaques in CI were higher than those in TIA group.To compare with between them had significant difference.The most common site of plaques was the bulb of the common carotid artery.The proximal internal carotid artery was the second.Conclusion Atherosclerosis of carotid artery is correlated to ICD.Ultrasonography of carotid artery is useful to assess the risk of ischemic cerebrovascular disease and guide the treatment opportunities and the method option. ......