大鼠牵张性脊髓损伤动物模型的建立和评价
大鼠,,脊髓损伤；皮层体感诱发电位；大鼠,1实验动物及分组,2动物模型制备,3CSEP监测,4神经功能检测,5取材及切片制备,6组织形态学检查,7统计学处
摘要： 目的 建立大鼠牵张性脊髓损伤的动物模型，探讨大鼠脊髓牵张性损伤的病理生理改变及临床意义。方法 切除大鼠T13-L2双侧椎板，显露脊髓，用特制的脊柱撑开器放置在大鼠T12-L3椎体横突上，纵向牵张，同时用皮层体感诱发电位术中监测。随机分成空白对照组(A组)及实验(B、C、D组)；皮层体感诱发电位P1-N1波幅下降30%组(B组)、50%组(C组)和70%组(D)组。观察波幅下降不同程度后，大鼠的神经行为学功能改变，应用HE、尼氏染色，光镜下观察脊髓组织形态结构，采用计算机图像分析系统进行定量分析。结果 随着撑开距离的增加和时间的延长，波幅下降至术前波幅，B组与A组相比，CBS评分，神经元计数、神经元截面积及尼氏体密度的变化无显著差异。光镜下脊髓神经元体积稍小，尼氏体略减少；C组及D组，CBS评分、神经元计数，神经元截面积及尼氏体密度与A组比较有显著性差异(P<0.01)，光镜观察神经元间隙增大，神经元退变，减少、溶解或坏死。尼氏体明显变浅或消失。脊髓结构破坏，出现片状出血灶，大量胶质细胞浸润。结论 大鼠牵张性脊髓损伤动物模型具有可重复性，可定量且模拟临床，该模型的建立为进一步了解牵张性脊髓损伤的发病机理，筛选有效的预防治疗措施奠定了良好的基础。关键词：脊髓损伤；皮层体感诱发电位；大鼠
Evaluation and establishment of an animal model of tractive spinal cord injury in rats
LIU Lei，PEI Fuxing，YANG Xiaoning，et al.
(Department of Orthopaedics,Southwest Hospital,Third Military Medical University,Chongqing 400038，China)
Abstract： Objective To establish animal models of tractive spinal cord injury in rats and investigate its pathophysiological changes and clinical significance.Methods T12-L3 spines were tracted longitudinally with a special spinal retractor that was put on proccessus transverses of T12-L3 vertebrae of rat after exposing T13-L2 spinal cord via dual laminectomy,at the same time,spinal cord function was monitored by cortical somatosensory evoked potential(CSEP).Rats were randomly divided into the control group(group A) and experimental groups(B,C,D groups) according to the amplitude of CSEP P1-N1 wave.The amount of decrease of the P1-N1 wave was 30% in group B、50% in group C and 70% in gropu D respectively.After traction,changes of function of neural behavior in rats were observed and morphological structure of spinal cord was analyzed quantitatively with image analysis system of computer.Results With traction of spine,compared with the group A,the group B had no marked difference in CBS score,neuron count,section area of neuron and nissl body density,but the there was a marked difference between C and D groups(P<0.01).Light microscope showed that neuron volume was slightly smaller and nissl body was reduced lightly in group B,neuron space was enlarged and neuron was degenerated,reduced,dissolved or necrotic,nissl body was obviously dissolved,and spinal cord structure was destroyed in the groups of C and D.Conclusion The animal model of tractive spinal cord injury in rats is a reproducible,graded and it mimics clinical picture.The model referred in this article provides a valuable assistance in further understanding etiopathology and screening effective measures of therapy and prophylaxis of this type of injury. ......
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