【摘要】 目的 总结麻疹患者的流行病学及临床特征，分析今年麻疹高发的原因。方法 分析本院2005年1～6月收治的112例麻疹患者的流行病学及临床资料。结果 (1)麻疹发病年龄在18～35岁之间有68/112例(60.7%)。(2)未接种过麻疹疫苗的患者有83/112例(74.1%)。(3)外地来沪人员占50/112例(44.6%)。(4)患者均有不同程度的发热，最高体温在38.5℃～40.2℃之间，在发热第3～5天出疹者占83%。(5)90/112(89.3%)患者有典型皮疹经过。(6)52/112(46.4%)患者可见麻疹黏膜斑，80%出现在病程第3～4天。(7)主要并发症有结膜炎(38%)、肝损(33%)、肠炎(21%)、肺炎(20%)。(8)LDH普遍升高，伴或不伴肝损组与正常对照组相比，差异均有显著性(P<0.01)。结论 本年度麻疹高发原因(1)未接种麻疹疫苗。(2)已接种过麻疹疫苗者抗体滴度降低。(3)二次发病可能与病毒变异有关。

    【关键词】 麻疹；发病年龄；麻疹疫苗；并发症；LDH

    Clinical analysis of 112 cases with measles

    HUANG Shao-ping,TANG Mei-fang，ZHANG You-xiang.Center of Public Healthy,Shanghai 201508,China

    【Abstract】 Objective To summarize the epidemic and clinical characteristics of measles,and to analyze the reason of the high rate of measles this year.Methods Analyzis of epidemiology and clinical data of 112 cases with measles from January to June 2005 in our hospital.Results (1)The measles episode age at 18～35 years old is 60.7%.(2) 74.1% cases hadn’t been vaccinated.(3) 44.6% cases were the floating population.(4) All of the patients had fever of different degree,the tallest body temperature at 38.5℃～40.2 ℃,83% cases turned up rash in the third-fifth day.(5)89.3% cases had typical rash.(6)46.4% cases had measles-macula,80% cases among them appear in the third-forth course of disease.(7) Main complications contain conjunctivitis(38%), hepatitis(33%), enteritis(21%), pneumonia(20%).(8) The LDH is widespread to go up.LDH showed significant different between hepatitis complicated,no hepatitis and the control group(P<0.01).Conclusion The reason of the high rate of measles:(1)Don’t be vaccinated the measles vaccine.(2)Antibody drop the degree lower in the person vaccinated.(3)Two times flare up may have relation with virus variation. ......