关键词 黄金珠宝首饰；职业病危害；劳动卫生学调查；预防

    摘要 目的 掌握深圳市盐田区黄金珠宝首饰加工业职业病危害现状，确定该行业职业病防治重点及预防措施。方法 对区内所有黄金珠宝首饰加工企业采用现况调查方法进行调查。结果 黄金珠宝首饰加工企业普遍存在粉尘、物理、化学有害因素，主要职业病危害因素有粉尘、噪声、氰化物、甲苯及二甲苯、正已烷、三氯乙烯等；不同种类黄金珠宝首饰加工企业的职业病危害因素总合格率比较差异有统计学意义；接触职业病危害因素的劳动者上岗前及离岗时职业性健康检查体检率较低；职业卫生管理方面存在较多问题。结论 黄金珠宝首饰加工业存在较多职业病危害因素，宝石加工企业矽尘危害较为严重，接触职业病危害因素的劳动者应加强上岗前及离岗时职业性健康检查，用人单位应加强职业卫生管理及职业卫生培训，卫生部门应加大监督监测力度。

    PREVALENCE STUDY OF OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES CAUSED BY JEWELRY PROCESSING IN YANTIAN DISTRICT

    Jiang Haiqing,Lian Guojian,Ying Hui,et al.

    Yantian District Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Shenzhen City, Shenzhen 518081

    Key words gold and jewelry; occupational hazard; prevalence study; prevention

    Abstract Objective To investigate the situation of occupational diseases caused by the gold and jewelry processing in Yantian and make sure the focus of occupational diseases preventing, curing and the precautionary measures. Methods All of the gold and jewelry processing enterprises in Yantian were studied by cross-sectional investigation. Results Gold and jewelry processing generally existed dusty, physical and chemical harmful factors. The main harmful factors that caused the occupational diseases were dust, noise, cyanide, trichloroethylene and so on. The occupational exposure of harmful factors was significantly different in jewelry processing enterprises., The laborers exposed to harmful factors, whose physical examination rate was lower before they being on duty and while leaving the post, more questions existed in the hygiene management of occupational disease. Conclusion Gold and jewel processing enterprise have more occupational hazardous factors . The dangerous factor in gem processing enterprise is dust, laborers who exposed to the factor must do physical examination before thy being on duty and while leaving the post. Enterprises should strengthen hygiene management and hygiene training of the occupational positions. The hygiene department should strengthen the supervision as well. ......