【摘要】 目的 加强对经皮肝穿刺胆道造影( PTC)和引流(PTCD)操作过程中要点和术后并发症的认识。 方法 15例不明原因的胆道梗阻患者，经B超和X线透视下定位后，采用Chila针经皮肝穿刺胆道造影，确定了梗阻的部位、性质后，其中8例患者放置了内外引流管或外引流管。 结果 15例行经皮肝穿刺胆道造影患者,经手术探查和病理证实13例,另2例因一般情况差,无法手术,诊断正确率达87%; 8例行引流术患者,均取得了引流成功,明显缓解了症状,其中6例胆道梗阻严重者,经引流2周后实施手术探查。无1例发生严重并发症。 结论 通过对15例梗阻性黄疸的造影诊断和引流的操作要点和并发症的论述，有助于该项技术在临床中更好地应用和推广。

    【关键词】 外科学；穿刺；胆道；造影；引流

    【Abstract】 Objective To get a better understanding of the operating process of PTC and PTCD and potential accompanied diseases after operation. Methods Chila needles were used on 15 patients with bile-duct obstruction for unknown causes after B- ultrasound scan and X- ray perspective. After the obstruction spot and its nature were confirmed, 8 of them were laid aside inside and outside PTCD catheters or only outside ones. Results After PTC exploration and pathological analysis, 13 patients were authenticated while two of them were unable to be operated on for bad conditions, and the diagnosis accuracy was up to 87%; PTCD were successfully conducted on 8 patients and the symptoms were obviously alleviated, without serious diseases accompanied. Conclusion Through the 15 examples of PTC diagnoses of obstructive jaundice and main points of PTCD and accompanied diseases, this technology should be better applied and further promoted. ......