摘要：目的：探索直肠癌放疗不良反应的防治措施，使病人顺利完成外照射加腔内后装治疗。方法：通过对58例直肠癌病人(实验组)在放射治疗的前、中、后采用中药保留灌肠、清洁肠道、温水坐浴等整体护理，与未采用以上整体护理措施的54例直肠癌病人(对照组)进行疗效和不良反应的比较。结果：58例直肠癌病人采用外照射加后装腔内放疗的治疗效果优于单纯外照射或后装腔内放疗，其临床不良反应，特别是放射性直肠炎，较单纯外照射明显。实验组通过中药保留灌肠清洁肠道、温水坐浴等整体护理,不良反应较未采用整体护理的对照组明显减少, 58例病人均能按计划完成放射治疗。结论：通过放射治疗前、中、后全程落实整体护理措施，以病人为中心，系统、综合、动态地对病人进行有目的、有计划的护理活动，在接受有效治疗，预防不良反应，按计划完成疗程方面，比起未采用以上整体护理措施的对照组疗效明显，且无毒副作用，操作方便易行，符合以病人为中心，加强沟通，改善、提高服务质量，减轻医疗负担的医疗服务理念。

    关键词： 直肠癌； 放射治疗； 不良反应； 护 理

    The Nursing Cooperation of Radiotherapy with External Radiation and After loading Intracavitary in Patients with Rectal Cancer

    CHEN Chu-yun, ZHENG Min, ZHANG Xiao-ping

    (The Central Hospital of Shantou City， Guangdong Shantou 515031, China)

    Abstract：Objective： To explore the prevention and cure measure of adverse reaction in rectal cancer after radiotherapy,to help the patients successfully complete external radiation and afterloading intracavitary radiotherapy.Method：To compare the therapeutic effect and adverse，the reaction between the experimental group including 58 patients with rectal cancer who performed the global nursing measure.traditional Chinese medicine retention-enema,clearing intestinal tract, warm water demibain; and the control group who did not perform the the global nursing measure above imn the prophase, metaphase ,anaphase of radiotherapy. Result: The clinical therapeutic effectof experimental group, was more significant than control group who only underwent external radiation or afterloading intracavitary radiotherapy ,and the adverse reaction of control group exe; the radiation proctitis was more significant than experimental group; compare,58 cases in the experimental group complete the radiotherapy successfully. Conclusion: To perform the global nursing measure with systemic, general、dynamic,planning,objective do benefit in strengthening communication with patients,improving and raising quality of service and lessening;burden of parients. ......