血管内皮细胞生长因子在哺乳动物细胞的表达
作者:顾 洪 蔡在龙 陈少萍 邹鲁峰 宋春桥 毛积芳
单位:第二军医大学基础医学部生物化学教研室,上海,200433;陈少萍:第二军医大学长海医院心血管内科
关键词:血管内皮细胞生长因子;哺乳动物;表达
第二军医大学学报991022 摘要 目的:本实验试图构建具有生物学活性的VEGF真核表达载体,为VEGF基因治疗提供载体。方法:将已获得的hVEGF165 cDNA克隆到GST融合表达载体,构建原核表达质粒,转染大肠杆菌DH5α,IPTG诱导表达,Western blot鉴定表达产物。在此基础上构建真核表达载体pcDNA3/hVEGF165,脂质体介导转染CHO-K1细胞,G-418筛选,Northern blot,Western blot分别检测其在细胞内的转录和表达情况,3H-TdR掺入法检测表达蛋白的活性。结果:实验组的Northern blot和Western blot出现特异性条带,而对照组在相应部位未出现条带。实验组的大鼠心肌血管内皮细胞3H-TdR掺入率明显高于对照组(P<0.001)。结论:本实验所构建的VEGF真核表达质粒能够在真核细胞内获得表达,其表达产物具有血管内皮细胞增殖刺激活性。
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中图分类法 R 543 文献标识码:A
Expression of vascular endothelial growth factor in mammalian cell
Gu Hong, Cai Zailong, Chen Shaoping, Zou Lufeng, Song Chunqiao, Mao Jifang
(Department of Biochemistry, Department of Basic Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433)
ABSTRACT Objective: This study was designed to construct a eukaryotic expression vector pcDNA3/hVEGF165 with biological activity for further study of VEGF gene therapy. Methods: The hVEGF165 cDNA fragment was cloned into pGEX-4T-2 plasmid, a prokaryotic fusion expression vector, to construct a new vector pGEX-4T-2/hVEGF165. The expression of recombinant GST-hVEGF165 fusion gene was induced by IPTG in E. Coli. The recombinant fusion protein was identified by Western blot. Then the hVEGF165 cDNA fragment was cloned into pcDNA3 plasmid to construct a eukaryotic expression vector pcDNA3/hVEGF165. The pcDNA3/hVEGF165 was transfected into CHO-K1 cells by liposome as mediator, the positive clone transfected by pcDNA3/hVEGF165 was screened using G-418 resistance. The hVEGF165 gene transcription and expression were examined by Northern and Western blot, the activity of recombinant hVEGF165 was determined by the 3H-TdR incorporation assay in mouse vascular endothelial cells in vitro. Results: The specific bands were found in Northern blot and Western blot of trial group, and the 3H-TdR incorporating rate was higher in trial group than in control group(P<0.001). Conclusion: The results indicate that recombinant hVEGF165 can be produced from CHO-K1 cells transfected by pcDNA3/hVEGF165 and has biological activity to stimulate vascular endothelial cell.
, 百拇医药
KEY WORDS vascular endothelial growth factor; mammalian;expression
血管内皮细胞生长因子(vascular endothelial growth factor, VEGF)是一种特异性的、与血管生长有关的细胞因子,并有促进血管通透性的作用[1]。VEGF能与内皮细胞表面的特异性受体结合,强烈地促进血管内皮细胞增殖[2]。由于VEGF在机体内含量甚微,提纯较为困难,于是人们开始探索用基因工程的方法获得VEGF以进行广泛研究。Fiebich, Siemeister等人[3,4]分别在昆虫杆状病毒表达系统、大肠杆菌中表达了具有活性的VEGF。
本实验试图构建VEGF高拷贝真核表达质粒,并检测其在哺乳动物细胞中的表达及表达产物的活性,为进一步开展VEGF的基因治疗作准备。
, 百拇医药
1 材料和方法
1.1 材料 大肠杆菌DH5α、原核融合表达载体pGEX-4T-2、高拷贝真核表达载体pcDNA3及其引物由本室保存,Bluescript-SK- / hVEGF165由长征医院梅长林教授惠赠,中国仓鼠卵巢细胞K1亚株(CHO-K1)及 山羊抗人VEGF抗体由美国Utah大学徐平博士惠赠, 脂质体细胞转染试剂盒购自GIBCO BRL公司,HRP标记驴抗山羊IgG抗体购自中科院细胞所,3H-TdR 购自中科院原子核研究所,SD大鼠购自本校实验动物中心。
1.2 方法
1.2.1 无信号肽的hVEGF′165在大肠杆菌DH5α中的表达 由于hVEGF165的信号肽结构后5~10 bp处是NcoⅠ酶切位点,采用NcoⅠ和SalⅠ酶切方法进行缺失突变后插入pGEX-4T-2,构建pGEX-4T-2/hVEGF′165重组质粒,并转化大肠杆菌DH5α进行IPTG诱导表达。表达产物用1∶200山羊抗人VEGF抗体进行Western blot 分析。
, 百拇医药
1.2.2 hVEGF165在CHO-K1中的表达及表达产物的鉴定 用BamHⅠ单酶切将hVEGF165插入pcDNA3多克隆位点,测序筛选出正向插入的pcDNA3/hVEGF165,脂质体介导转染CHO-K1细胞,300~800 μg/ml的G-418抗性筛选,挑选出转染阳性细胞克隆,800 μg/ml G-418维持培养。以转染pcDNA3/hVEGF165的CHO-K1细胞为实验组,转染pcDNA3的CHO-K1细胞为对照组,抽提细胞总RNA,以GAPDH作为内参照进行Northern blot分析。取CHO-K1细胞的无G-418培养液上清一瓶(5 ml),-60℃,85 mbar冻干,再溶于100 μl PBS溶液中,取10 μl行Western blot分析。按同法制备20 ml无G-418冻干培养液上清,溶于4.0 ml ddH2O备用。
, 百拇医药
1.2.3 心肌血管内皮细胞(MEC)的原代培养及CHO-K1细胞表达产物的活性检测 参照Nishida等[5]方法略加以改进,采用ABC免疫组化法,用兔抗鼠Ⅷ因子相关抗原的抗体,进行DAB显色鉴定血管内皮细胞。选用第三代传代细胞,0.25%胰酶消化后加入含20%小牛血清的RPMI 1640培养液,调整细胞浓度为2.5×104个/ml,取200 μl接种于96孔培养板,置5% CO2,37℃饱和湿度培养48 h。弃去培养液,加入0.5%小牛血清的RPMI 1640培养液继续培养24 h后,取1.2.2中制备的培养液上清的ddH2O溶液,按倍比稀释的不同浓度的pcDNA3/hVEGF165阳性细胞培养液100 μl于不同的培养孔,对照孔加入同倍比稀释的pcDNA3转染阳性细胞培养液100 μl。培养24 h后,每孔加入3H-TdR 37 kBq,继续培养4 h后终止培养。胰酶消化后用多头细胞收集器淋洗收集各孔细胞悬液于玻璃纤维滤纸上,5%三氯乙酸固定后,取出滤纸置80℃烘箱内干燥,再将干滤纸浸于2 ml闪烁液中,液体闪烁计数器进行放射性活度测量,记录每分钟计数率(cpm),再换算成Bq值。
, 百拇医药
2 结 果
2.1 pGEX-4T-2/ hVEGF′165融合表达 Western blot显示在相对分子质量为4.6×104处可见一特异性染色条带(图1)。
图1 pGEX-4T-2/ hVEGF′165融合表达
产物的 Western blot鉴定
Fig 1 Western blot analysis of pGEX-4T-2/ hVEGF′165
fusion protein(left)
, http://www.100md.com 2.2 hVEGF165在哺乳动物细胞中的表达 Northern blot分析显示,实验组在18 S和28 S之间出现一特异性条带,而对照组未出现阳性条带(图2)。培养液上清hVEGF抗体的Western blot结果显示,实验组细胞培养液样品出现明显的染色条带,而对照组细胞培养液样品无明显条带(图3)。
图2 以hVEGF165的cDNA作为探针
对转染pcDNA3/hVEGF′165及pcDNA3质粒的
CHO-K1细胞的Northern blot分析
Fig 2 Northern blot analysis of total RNA
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extracted from CHO-K1 cells(right)
Lane 1: RNA extracted from cells transfected with pcDNA3;Lane 2: RNA extracted from cells transfected with pcDNA3/hVEGF′165
图3 转染pcDNA3/hVEGF165及pcDNA3的CHO-K1
细胞表达产物的Western blot分析
Fig 3 Analysis of Western blot for
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recombinant hVEGF165 produced by CHO-K1 cells
transfected by pcDNA3/hVEGF165
Lane 1: The culture medium from trials; Lane 2: The culture medium from controls;Lane 3: Total protein from E.Coli.
transfected by pGST/ hVEGF165
2.3 重组hVEGF165活性检测 用3H-TdR掺入为指标的重组hVEGF165活性检测中发现,当加入pcDNA3/hVEGF165转染阳性细胞培养上清浓缩液0.78~12.5 μl(相当于浓缩前3.91~62.5 μl)时,实验组MEC的掺入率明显高于对照组,其中加入6.25 μl(相当于浓缩前的31.25 μl)培养液的刺激活性最高,为对照组的198.8%(P<0.001),见表1。
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表1 转染质粒DNA的CHO-K1细胞培养上清
中hVEGF165的活性检测
Tab 1 Activity detection of hVEGF165 in supernant from
transfected CHO-K1 (n=3,) No.
Added
supernant
(l/μl)
Radioactivity (A/Bq)
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t
P
Trial group
Control group
1
62.5
74.5±1.69
48.5±1.60
11.08
< 0.001
2
31.25
82.8±0.51
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41.7±1.60
24.58
< 0.001
3
15.63
53.8±1.78
41.8±1.14
8.77
< 0.001
4
7.81
50.7±1.44
, 百拇医药 46.7±1.33
2.05
> 0.05
5
3.91
51.2±1.49
44.8±1.01
3.26
< 0.05
3 讨 论
VEGF是一种能在体外特异性促进血管内皮细胞生长、在体内有效促进血管增生的生长因子,它在机体的生理及病理过程中起着重要作用,在疾病的治疗方面也有着广泛的应用前景。由于目前VEGF纯品较难获得,国外商品化的产品只是从牛脑提取的VEGF粗提物,且价格昂贵,而通过原核表达可获得大量廉价的可用于研究的VEGF抗原。但是,正如文献[4]报道的那样,大肠杆菌表达的VEGF在细菌胞液内不能游离存在,几乎都形成包涵体,只有将表达产物变性、复性后,才能获得具有活性的VEGF。我们认为,hVEGF165的氨基酸成分中半胱氨酸Cys有16个(16/165,9.7%),因此原核表达的多肽链在形成二聚体时,-S-S-的错配机率会升高,如果通过外界的理化作用将其变性再复性,错配率可能还会增加,影响重组蛋白的比活性。Fiebich和Siemeister等人已分别在昆虫表达系统和大肠杆菌中表达了具有生物学活性的重组VEGF。本研究将hVEGF165克隆到pcDNA3,构建了真核表达质粒pcDNA3/hVEGF165,并在哺乳动物细胞CHO-K1中也获得具有生物学活性的VEGF基因表达产物,为今后实验研究及临床治疗作了前期准备。
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文章编号:0258-879X(1999)10-0777-03
参考文献
1 Leung DW, Cachianes G, Kuang WJ, et al.Vascular endothelial growth factor is a secreted angiogenic mitogen[J]. Science,1989, 246(4935):1306
2 Takeshita S, Pu LQ, Stein LA. et al. Intramuscular administration of vascular endothelial growth factor induces dose-dependent collateral artery augmentation in a rabbit model of chronic limb ischemia[J]. Circulation,1994, 90(pt 2):II-228
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3 Fiebich BL, Jager B, Schollmann C, et al. Synthesis and assembly of functionally active human vascular endothelial growth factor homodimers in insect cells[J]. Eur J Biochem, 1993, 211(1/2):19
4 Siemeister G, Schnurr B, Mohrs K,et al. Expression of biologically active isoforms of the tumor angiogenesis factor VEGF in escherichia coli[J]. Biochem Biophys Res Common, 1996, 222(2):249
5 Nishida M, Carley WW, Gerritsen ME, et al.Isolation and characterization of human and rat cardiac microvascular endothelial cell[J]. Am J Physiol, 1993, 264(2 pt 2):H639 (1999-03-18收稿,1999-08-31修回), 百拇医药
单位:第二军医大学基础医学部生物化学教研室,上海,200433;陈少萍:第二军医大学长海医院心血管内科
关键词:血管内皮细胞生长因子;哺乳动物;表达
第二军医大学学报991022 摘要 目的:本实验试图构建具有生物学活性的VEGF真核表达载体,为VEGF基因治疗提供载体。方法:将已获得的hVEGF165 cDNA克隆到GST融合表达载体,构建原核表达质粒,转染大肠杆菌DH5α,IPTG诱导表达,Western blot鉴定表达产物。在此基础上构建真核表达载体pcDNA3/hVEGF165,脂质体介导转染CHO-K1细胞,G-418筛选,Northern blot,Western blot分别检测其在细胞内的转录和表达情况,3H-TdR掺入法检测表达蛋白的活性。结果:实验组的Northern blot和Western blot出现特异性条带,而对照组在相应部位未出现条带。实验组的大鼠心肌血管内皮细胞3H-TdR掺入率明显高于对照组(P<0.001)。结论:本实验所构建的VEGF真核表达质粒能够在真核细胞内获得表达,其表达产物具有血管内皮细胞增殖刺激活性。
, http://www.100md.com
中图分类法 R 543 文献标识码:A
Expression of vascular endothelial growth factor in mammalian cell
Gu Hong, Cai Zailong, Chen Shaoping, Zou Lufeng, Song Chunqiao, Mao Jifang
(Department of Biochemistry, Department of Basic Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433)
ABSTRACT Objective: This study was designed to construct a eukaryotic expression vector pcDNA3/hVEGF165 with biological activity for further study of VEGF gene therapy. Methods: The hVEGF165 cDNA fragment was cloned into pGEX-4T-2 plasmid, a prokaryotic fusion expression vector, to construct a new vector pGEX-4T-2/hVEGF165. The expression of recombinant GST-hVEGF165 fusion gene was induced by IPTG in E. Coli. The recombinant fusion protein was identified by Western blot. Then the hVEGF165 cDNA fragment was cloned into pcDNA3 plasmid to construct a eukaryotic expression vector pcDNA3/hVEGF165. The pcDNA3/hVEGF165 was transfected into CHO-K1 cells by liposome as mediator, the positive clone transfected by pcDNA3/hVEGF165 was screened using G-418 resistance. The hVEGF165 gene transcription and expression were examined by Northern and Western blot, the activity of recombinant hVEGF165 was determined by the 3H-TdR incorporation assay in mouse vascular endothelial cells in vitro. Results: The specific bands were found in Northern blot and Western blot of trial group, and the 3H-TdR incorporating rate was higher in trial group than in control group(P<0.001). Conclusion: The results indicate that recombinant hVEGF165 can be produced from CHO-K1 cells transfected by pcDNA3/hVEGF165 and has biological activity to stimulate vascular endothelial cell.
, 百拇医药
KEY WORDS vascular endothelial growth factor; mammalian;expression
血管内皮细胞生长因子(vascular endothelial growth factor, VEGF)是一种特异性的、与血管生长有关的细胞因子,并有促进血管通透性的作用[1]。VEGF能与内皮细胞表面的特异性受体结合,强烈地促进血管内皮细胞增殖[2]。由于VEGF在机体内含量甚微,提纯较为困难,于是人们开始探索用基因工程的方法获得VEGF以进行广泛研究。Fiebich, Siemeister等人[3,4]分别在昆虫杆状病毒表达系统、大肠杆菌中表达了具有活性的VEGF。
本实验试图构建VEGF高拷贝真核表达质粒,并检测其在哺乳动物细胞中的表达及表达产物的活性,为进一步开展VEGF的基因治疗作准备。
, 百拇医药
1 材料和方法
1.1 材料 大肠杆菌DH5α、原核融合表达载体pGEX-4T-2、高拷贝真核表达载体pcDNA3及其引物由本室保存,Bluescript-SK- / hVEGF165由长征医院梅长林教授惠赠,中国仓鼠卵巢细胞K1亚株(CHO-K1)及 山羊抗人VEGF抗体由美国Utah大学徐平博士惠赠, 脂质体细胞转染试剂盒购自GIBCO BRL公司,HRP标记驴抗山羊IgG抗体购自中科院细胞所,3H-TdR 购自中科院原子核研究所,SD大鼠购自本校实验动物中心。
1.2 方法
1.2.1 无信号肽的hVEGF′165在大肠杆菌DH5α中的表达 由于hVEGF165的信号肽结构后5~10 bp处是NcoⅠ酶切位点,采用NcoⅠ和SalⅠ酶切方法进行缺失突变后插入pGEX-4T-2,构建pGEX-4T-2/hVEGF′165重组质粒,并转化大肠杆菌DH5α进行IPTG诱导表达。表达产物用1∶200山羊抗人VEGF抗体进行Western blot 分析。
, 百拇医药
1.2.2 hVEGF165在CHO-K1中的表达及表达产物的鉴定 用BamHⅠ单酶切将hVEGF165插入pcDNA3多克隆位点,测序筛选出正向插入的pcDNA3/hVEGF165,脂质体介导转染CHO-K1细胞,300~800 μg/ml的G-418抗性筛选,挑选出转染阳性细胞克隆,800 μg/ml G-418维持培养。以转染pcDNA3/hVEGF165的CHO-K1细胞为实验组,转染pcDNA3的CHO-K1细胞为对照组,抽提细胞总RNA,以GAPDH作为内参照进行Northern blot分析。取CHO-K1细胞的无G-418培养液上清一瓶(5 ml),-60℃,85 mbar冻干,再溶于100 μl PBS溶液中,取10 μl行Western blot分析。按同法制备20 ml无G-418冻干培养液上清,溶于4.0 ml ddH2O备用。
, 百拇医药
1.2.3 心肌血管内皮细胞(MEC)的原代培养及CHO-K1细胞表达产物的活性检测 参照Nishida等[5]方法略加以改进,采用ABC免疫组化法,用兔抗鼠Ⅷ因子相关抗原的抗体,进行DAB显色鉴定血管内皮细胞。选用第三代传代细胞,0.25%胰酶消化后加入含20%小牛血清的RPMI 1640培养液,调整细胞浓度为2.5×104个/ml,取200 μl接种于96孔培养板,置5% CO2,37℃饱和湿度培养48 h。弃去培养液,加入0.5%小牛血清的RPMI 1640培养液继续培养24 h后,取1.2.2中制备的培养液上清的ddH2O溶液,按倍比稀释的不同浓度的pcDNA3/hVEGF165阳性细胞培养液100 μl于不同的培养孔,对照孔加入同倍比稀释的pcDNA3转染阳性细胞培养液100 μl。培养24 h后,每孔加入3H-TdR 37 kBq,继续培养4 h后终止培养。胰酶消化后用多头细胞收集器淋洗收集各孔细胞悬液于玻璃纤维滤纸上,5%三氯乙酸固定后,取出滤纸置80℃烘箱内干燥,再将干滤纸浸于2 ml闪烁液中,液体闪烁计数器进行放射性活度测量,记录每分钟计数率(cpm),再换算成Bq值。
, 百拇医药
2 结 果
2.1 pGEX-4T-2/ hVEGF′165融合表达 Western blot显示在相对分子质量为4.6×104处可见一特异性染色条带(图1)。
图1 pGEX-4T-2/ hVEGF′165融合表达
产物的 Western blot鉴定
Fig 1 Western blot analysis of pGEX-4T-2/ hVEGF′165
fusion protein(left)
, http://www.100md.com 2.2 hVEGF165在哺乳动物细胞中的表达 Northern blot分析显示,实验组在18 S和28 S之间出现一特异性条带,而对照组未出现阳性条带(图2)。培养液上清hVEGF抗体的Western blot结果显示,实验组细胞培养液样品出现明显的染色条带,而对照组细胞培养液样品无明显条带(图3)。
图2 以hVEGF165的cDNA作为探针
对转染pcDNA3/hVEGF′165及pcDNA3质粒的
CHO-K1细胞的Northern blot分析
Fig 2 Northern blot analysis of total RNA
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extracted from CHO-K1 cells(right)
Lane 1: RNA extracted from cells transfected with pcDNA3;Lane 2: RNA extracted from cells transfected with pcDNA3/hVEGF′165
图3 转染pcDNA3/hVEGF165及pcDNA3的CHO-K1
细胞表达产物的Western blot分析
Fig 3 Analysis of Western blot for
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recombinant hVEGF165 produced by CHO-K1 cells
transfected by pcDNA3/hVEGF165
Lane 1: The culture medium from trials; Lane 2: The culture medium from controls;Lane 3: Total protein from E.Coli.
transfected by pGST/ hVEGF165
2.3 重组hVEGF165活性检测 用3H-TdR掺入为指标的重组hVEGF165活性检测中发现,当加入pcDNA3/hVEGF165转染阳性细胞培养上清浓缩液0.78~12.5 μl(相当于浓缩前3.91~62.5 μl)时,实验组MEC的掺入率明显高于对照组,其中加入6.25 μl(相当于浓缩前的31.25 μl)培养液的刺激活性最高,为对照组的198.8%(P<0.001),见表1。
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表1 转染质粒DNA的CHO-K1细胞培养上清
中hVEGF165的活性检测
Tab 1 Activity detection of hVEGF165 in supernant from
transfected CHO-K1 (n=3,) No.
Added
supernant
(l/μl)
Radioactivity (A/Bq)
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t
P
Trial group
Control group
1
62.5
74.5±1.69
48.5±1.60
11.08
< 0.001
2
31.25
82.8±0.51
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41.7±1.60
24.58
< 0.001
3
15.63
53.8±1.78
41.8±1.14
8.77
< 0.001
4
7.81
50.7±1.44
, 百拇医药 46.7±1.33
2.05
> 0.05
5
3.91
51.2±1.49
44.8±1.01
3.26
< 0.05
3 讨 论
VEGF是一种能在体外特异性促进血管内皮细胞生长、在体内有效促进血管增生的生长因子,它在机体的生理及病理过程中起着重要作用,在疾病的治疗方面也有着广泛的应用前景。由于目前VEGF纯品较难获得,国外商品化的产品只是从牛脑提取的VEGF粗提物,且价格昂贵,而通过原核表达可获得大量廉价的可用于研究的VEGF抗原。但是,正如文献[4]报道的那样,大肠杆菌表达的VEGF在细菌胞液内不能游离存在,几乎都形成包涵体,只有将表达产物变性、复性后,才能获得具有活性的VEGF。我们认为,hVEGF165的氨基酸成分中半胱氨酸Cys有16个(16/165,9.7%),因此原核表达的多肽链在形成二聚体时,-S-S-的错配机率会升高,如果通过外界的理化作用将其变性再复性,错配率可能还会增加,影响重组蛋白的比活性。Fiebich和Siemeister等人已分别在昆虫表达系统和大肠杆菌中表达了具有生物学活性的重组VEGF。本研究将hVEGF165克隆到pcDNA3,构建了真核表达质粒pcDNA3/hVEGF165,并在哺乳动物细胞CHO-K1中也获得具有生物学活性的VEGF基因表达产物,为今后实验研究及临床治疗作了前期准备。
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文章编号:0258-879X(1999)10-0777-03
参考文献
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