重组γ-干扰素作用人Tenons囊成纤维细胞体外研究
作者:郭彦 葛坚 刘海泉 李艳艳 郑健梁 黄祥坤
单位:郭彦 葛坚 刘海泉 郑健梁 黄祥坤(510060广州,中山医科大学中山眼科中心);李艳艳(现在美国耶鲁大学医学院眼科)
关键词:人重组γ-干扰素;成纤维细胞;Tenons囊;MTT
眼科研究000414
摘要 目的体外研究人重组γ-干扰素对人Tenons囊成纤维细胞作用。方法以人Tenons囊成纤维细胞作为实验对象,分别加入0.1~106U/ml人重组γ-干扰素(IFN-γ)、0.001~10mg/L丝裂霉素(MMC)、0.1~103mg/L 5-氟尿嘧啶(5-Fu)孵育48h,然后以MTT法进行检测。结果高浓度和低浓度IFN-γ实验组OD值较对照组升高(P<0.05),中间浓度IFN-γ实验组OD值较对照组低(P<0.05)。IFN-γ的抑制率较MMC及5-Fu低(P<0.005)。结论IFN-γ对体外培养的人Tenons囊成纤维细胞具有促增殖及抑制增殖双向调控作用,其抗增殖作用较MMC及5-Fu弱。
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分类号 R775.9
Study of recombinant human IFN-γ effect on cultured human fibroblasts from Tenons capsule
Guo Yan Ge Jian Liu haiquan et al.
(Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center,Sun Yat-sen University of Medical Sciences,Guangzhou 510060)
Abstract ObjectiveTo study the effect of recombinant human interferon-γ(IFN-γ) on in vitro cultured human fibroblasts from Tenons capsule.MethodsThe effect of 0.1~106 U/ml human IFN-γ and 0.001~10mg/L mitomycin-C(MMC),0.1~103 mg/L 5-fluorouracil(5-Fu) on cultured human Tenons capsule fibroblasts (HTCF) was studied by using a MTT [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazo-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide;Thiazolyl blue] colorimetric assay.The incubation time of these drugs was 48 h.The effect of IFN-γ on the fibroblasts was repeated in the second experiment using the same method.The results were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) of the statistical package for social sciences (SPSS)9.0 version,the difference was considered to be significant if P<0.05.ResultsBy analyzing OD values of first experiment,one-way ANOVA showed:(ⅰ)significant difference between 106 U/ml of IFN and control(P=0.02),1 U/ml of IFN and control (P=0.006)(OD values increased in the experimental group),but no significant difference between other concentration of IFN and control (P>0.05)(OD values increased or decreased in the experimental group);(ⅱ)significant difference between 10mg/L,1mg/L,0.1mg/L MMC and control (P=0.000),between 0.01mg/L MMC and control (P=0.033),while no significant difference between 0.001mg/L MMC and control (P=0.413);(ⅲ)significant difference between 1000mg/L,100mg/L 5-Fu and control (P=0.000),while no significant difference between other concentrations of 5-Fu and control (P>0.05).As to the results of second experiment,one-way ANOVA showed significant difference between 106 /ml,0.1 U/ml of IFN and control (P<0.005)(OD values of IFN increased in the experimental group),102 U/ml,103 U/ml of IFN and control (P<0.05)(OD values of IFN decreased in the experimental group),but no significant difference between other concentrations of IFN and control (P>0.05).The inhibition rate of IFN was smaller than that of MMC and 5-Fu(P<0.005).ConclusionIFN-γ has bifunctional effect (both enhancement and inhibition) on proliferation of cultured HTCF.The antiproliferative effect on HTCF of IFN-γ is weaker than MMC and 5-Fu.
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Key words recombinant human IFN-γ fibroblast Tenon’s capsule MTT
现代眼科显微手术的开展,使抗青光眼滤过性手术的成功率大大提高,但是在一般情况下手术失败率仍有10%~30%。而对于一些难治性青光眼如青少年性或发育性青光眼、既往滤过性手术失败青光眼、葡萄膜炎性青光眼、新生血管性青光眼、无晶状体或人工晶状体青光眼等的手术失败率更高达49%~89%。手术失败最直接的原因就是在伤口愈合过程中滤过道的疤痕纤维化[1~3]。虽然近年来一些抗代谢药物如5-氟尿嘧啶(5-fluorouracil,5-Fu)、丝裂霉素(mitomycin C,MMC)等的应用抑制纤维母细胞的增殖使手术成功率有所提高[1,4],但随之带来一些不可避免的并发症,此类非细胞周期性细胞毒的抗代谢药物作用无选择性,导致术后出现滤过泡渗漏、浅前房、低眼压、眼球感染、黄斑囊样水肿等并发症,严重影响了滤过性手术的效果,并进一步加重视功能损害[1,4,5,6]。因此,寻找新的安全有效可靠的抑制纤维增殖的方法是抗青光眼滤过性手术成功的关键。
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既往研究发现干扰素具有抑制细胞增殖、减少胶原合成、抑制细胞迁移等多项功能。其中,γ-干扰素在调节伤口愈合方面比其它两个类型的干扰素,即α-干扰素和β-干扰素效应更加明显[2,7]。由于其局部应用的毒副作用较低,所以有望成为抑制抗青光眼术区滤过泡疤痕化的新药。本研究应用噻唑兰比色法(MTT),以MMC和5-Fu作为对照,测定人重组γ-干扰素(recombinant human γ-interferon,IFN-γ)对体外培养的人Tenons囊成纤维细胞(human fibroblasts from Tenons capsule,HTCF)的作用,进一步探索γ-干扰素抑制疤痕形成的机制。
1 材料和方法
1.1 细胞培养 取眼库供眼Tenons囊按我们原来的方法培养、传代[8]。取第4代、第5代细胞进行实验。
1.2 MTT法测定光吸收值 取对数生长期细胞,以0.25%的胰蛋白酶-EDTA消化液(Hyclone,Cat,No.SH3032401)消化传代至96孔培养板中,每孔1.2×104个细胞/200μl,以含15%胎牛血清(杭州四季青生物工程材料有限公司,Cat.No.990404),100U/ml青霉素及链霉素DMEM培养液(Gibco,Grand Island,NY,UA,Cat.No.12100-038),于5%二氧化碳培养箱,37℃孵育24h。换上以含2.5%胎牛血清DMEM培养液配制的0.1~106U/ml人重组γ-干扰素(R&D Systems,Inc.,Minneapolis,MN,UA,Catalog Number:285-IF Lot Number:EA15)、0.001~10mg/L丝裂霉素(Kyowa,Japan,Lot No.231HHF)、0.1~103mg/L 5-氟尿嘧啶(上海旭东海普药业有限公司,Cat.No.013013,Lot No.970705),每个浓度均设3个平行孔。剩余孔作为对照组,亦换成含2.5%胎牛血清DMEM培养液。继续培养48h。然后重新换成含15%胎牛血清DMEM培养液,每孔加入以磷酸盐缓冲液(phosphate-bufferred saline,PBS)配制的浓度为5mg/ml的MTT(噻唑兰)(sigma,product No.M5655)20μl。继续孵育4h,每孔吸出150μl培养液,加入100μl二甲基亚砜(Dimethyl Sulfoxide,DMSO)(sigma,D-5879,Lot No.12H0366),振荡器上振荡5~10min,充分混匀,静置5~10min。以自动酶标测定仪(sigma,∑960)测定光密度(OD)值,波长570nm,重复3次。人重组γ-干扰素实验重复1次,除106U/ml浓度组设3个平行孔外,其余每一浓度及对照组均设9个平行孔。
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按下述公式计算各实验药物对人Tenons囊成纤维细胞增殖抑制率:
抑制率=[(对照组OD值-实验组OD值)/对照组OD值]100%
实验组及对照组的OD值、抑制率均用SPSS统计软件包9.0版本单因素方差分析(analysis of variance,ANOVA)进行统计学分析,P<0.05有显著意义。对第2次人重组γ-干扰素实验结果,除106U/ml浓度组外,均去除最大值及最小值再进行有关统计分析。
图1 首次实验实验组及对照组OD值
Fig.1 OD values of experimental groups and control
group in the first experiment
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2 结果
图1示第1次实验各实验组及对照组OD值。单因素方差分析显示106及1U/ml人重组γ-干扰素的OD值较对照组高,有显著性差异(P<0.05);其它浓度的γ-干扰素OD值与对照组之间则无显著差异(P>0.05)(OD值升高或降低)。10,1,0.1,0.01mg/L MMC的OD值较对照组降低,有显著性差异(P<0.05),0.001mg/L MMC和对照组之间无显著差异(P=0.413)。1000mg/L,100mg/L 5-Fu的OD值较对照组间低,有显著差异(P<0.05),其它浓度5-Fu和对照组间无显著差异(P>0.05)。
图2示第2次实验OD值。单因素方差分析显示106U/ml,10-1U/ml IFN OD值较对照组高,有显著性差异(P<0.005),102U/ml,103U/ml of IFN OD值较对照组低,有显著差异(P<0.05),其它浓度IFN和对照组之间无显著差异(P>0.05)。
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图2 重复实验IFN组及对照组OD值
Fig.2 OD values of IFN groups and control groups
in the repeat experiment
MMC和5-Fu对人Tenons囊成纤维细胞的生长起抑制作用,而IFN-对人Tenons囊成纤维细胞的生长起双向调控作用,两次实验中102,103,104U/ml IFN-γ对人Tenons囊成纤维细胞起抑制作用,106,105,10U/ml起促进作用。IFN-γ的最高抑制率只有10.88%。MMC的抑制率由5.73%到46.9%,5-Fu的抑制率为12.49%到38.92%(图3)。单因素方差分析显示第1和第2次实验IFN的抑制率无显著差异(P=0.838),MMC和5-Fu之间无显著差异(P=0.351),而两次实验IFN的抑制率均与MMC及5-Fu有显著差异(P<0.005)。
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图3 实验药物对纤维细胞抑制率比较
Fig.3 Inhibition rate of experimental drugs.
IFN1:第1次实验IFN IFN2:第2次实验IFN MMC及5-Fu对HTCF生长起抑制作用,IFN对HTCF生长起双向调节作用
IFN1:the first experiment of IFN-γ.IFN2:the second repeat experiment of IFN-γ.The curve shows the negative effect of MMC and 5-Fu on the growth of HTCF,and bifunctional effects of IFN-γ on the growth of HTCF
3 讨论
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噻唑兰比色法是测定活细胞线粒体酶活性的一种快速、灵敏、准确的方法,用于检测药物对细胞增殖的影响[9]。我们以该方法所进行的实验结果显示,人重组IFN-γ抗人Tenons囊成纤维细胞增殖的能力和MMC及5-Fu相比非常弱。Latina等的结果也表明,经IFN-γ处理过的人Tenons囊成纤维细胞增殖速度与对照组细胞相似[2]。因此,IFN-γ抗疤痕化可能是由于抗纤维细胞增殖以外的原因。Low等显示IFN-γ可抑制体外培养的人Tenons囊成纤维细胞合成胶原[10]。Latina显示IFN-γ除可作用于Ⅰ、Ⅲ、Ⅵ型胶原外,还可改变含肌动蛋白纤维及胞内外纤维连结蛋白的分布[2,7]。根据以上结果,IFN-γ抑制抗青光眼术后滤过区疤痕化的作用需通过进一步的体内试验方能下定论。
本实验还发现既往研究中未报道的现象,即高浓度及低浓度IFN-γ非但对HTCF的增殖没有抑制作用,反而有一定程度的促进作用。这种所谓双向调控的机制有待进一步阐明。Finbloom[11]对人重组IFN-γ进入胞内后的代谢、对Fc受体数目的上调作用以及抗人单核细胞样U937细胞系增殖作用进行了相关研究。发现37℃时,IFN-γ在10min内即可与全部受体结合。但是,在30min内,与受体结合的IFN-γ只有一半可进入胞内。IFN-γ在胞内的停留时间只有60~120min。最后,60%~70%的IFN-γ完全降解。Fc受体呈现最大反应有80%是在受体结合率为30%时发生的。每天重复以中等浓度IFN-γ作用于U937细胞可诱出抗增殖效应。该结果提示高低浓度的IFN-γ均不足以激发抗增殖作用。其促增殖作用是否与生长因子或调控细胞周期的因素有关尚需进一步研究证实。
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本文受国家自然科学基金(基金编号:39700153)、广东省科委自然科学基金(基金编号:970082)资助
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收稿:2000-03-09
修回:2000-04-28, http://www.100md.com