洁肤康护肤液杀菌性能的实验室观察
作者：魏群生 郭振东 施绮云 薛广波
单位：魏群生 郭振东 施绮云 薛广波 (第二军医大学流行病学教研室，上海 200433)
关键词：植物消毒剂；当归；白芷；紫草；杀菌作用；淋病双球菌；金黄色葡萄球菌大肠杆菌；白色念珠菌
中国消毒学杂志980404
提 要 以当归、白芷、紫草等中药提取液为主要成分的洁肤康护肤液，稀释成0.125%溶液，对大肠杆菌与淋病双球菌作用1 min，对金黄色葡萄球菌作用2 min，对白色念珠菌作用7 min，杀灭率均达99.9%以上。有机物对其杀菌作用有明显影响。该原液放置于56℃条件下2周，杀菌效果无明显变化。
LABORATORY OBSERVATION ON GERMICIDAL PROPERTY OF
, http://www.100md.com
JIEFUKANG SKIN-PROTECTING LOTION
Wei Qunsheng Guo Zhendong Shi Qiyun Xue Guangbo
( Department of Epidemiology,Second Military Medical University,Shanghai 200433 )
Abstract Jiefukang Skin-protecting Lotion is prepared by steaming and homogenizing
the extracts of Chinese medicinal herbs, such as Radix Angelicae Sinensis,Radix Angelicae Dahuricae, Radix Arnebiae Seu Lithospermi, etc., with aromatic oil. Examination found that in suspension, the killing rate of Escherichia coli Sand Neisseria gonorrhoeae exposed to its 0.125% solution (800-fold dilution with water) for 1 min, and Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans exposed to the same solution for 2 min and 7 min respectively was higher than 99.9%. Its germicidal efficacy ncreased with increasing its concentration and prolonging the exposure time and decreased in presence of organic substances. When its stock solution was stored at 56℃ under airtight condition for 2 weeks, no significant change in its germicidal efficacy was observed.
, 百拇医药
Key words plant disinfectant Radix Angelicae Sinensis Radix Angelicae Dahuricae Radix Arnebiae Seu Lithospermi germicidal effect Neisseria gonorrhoeaeStaphylococcus aureus Escherichia coli Candida albicans
洁肤康护肤液(以下简称护肤液)是由当归、白芷、紫草等中药水煎提取液配以芳香油，经熟化和均质而成。在实验室，对其杀菌性能进行了试验观察。现将结果报告如下。
1 方法
1.1 中和剂选择试验
试验菌为白色念珠菌(ATCC 10231)。试验设8组：① 消毒剂+菌液；② (消毒剂+菌液)+中和剂；③ 中和剂+菌液；④ (消毒剂+中和剂)+菌液；⑤ 生理盐水+菌液(正常菌对照)；⑥ 未加菌生理盐水对照；⑦ 未加菌中和剂对照；⑧ 未接种菌培养基对照。试验结果，当第6、7、8组不长菌，第3、4、5组组间菌数相差不超过10%，第1组不长菌或长菌量远少于第2组，第2组长菌量超过100 cfu/ml时，为所选中和剂及其浓度适宜。
, 百拇医药
1.2 悬液定量杀菌试验
试验菌为白色念珠菌、淋病双球菌(29104)、大肠杆菌(8099)与金黄色葡萄球菌(ATCC 6538)。试验时，将0.5 ml菌悬液与4.5 ml护肤液(对照为无菌蒸馏水)混匀。作用至预定时间，吸取0.5 ml混合液加入盛有4.5 ml中和剂的试管中，混匀。中和作用10 min，取该液或其稀释液接种平皿，倾注普通营养琼脂培养基(淋病双球菌为血琼脂培养基，白色念珠菌为沙氏培养基)并混匀。于37℃培养48 h，计数菌落数，计算杀灭率。
观察有机物影响时，向菌悬液中加不同量小牛血清。
1.3 稳定性检测
将护肤液原液装入试剂瓶中密封后，存放于56℃温箱中。于放置前、后，分别取样测定其杀菌效果。
2 结果
, 百拇医药
2.1 中和剂试验结果
在所选8种中和剂中，仅含0.5%硫代硫酸钠、2.0%甘氨酸与5.0%吐温80的生理盐水溶液对0.5%护扶液(原液200倍稀释液)的中和作用符合要求(表1)，而且凡不含甘氨酸或吐温80者，中和护肤液的效果均较差。
表1 洁肤康护肤液中和试验结果
Table1 Results of neutralization test of Jiefukang Skin-protecting Lotion 组别
Group
平均菌数
Average bacterial count
(cfu/ml)
, http://www.100md.com
护肤液+菌液
Jiefudang Lotion+bacterial suspension
0
(护肤液+菌液)+中和剂
(Jidfukang Lotion + bacterial suspension)+neutralizer
883
中和剂+菌液
Neutralizer+bacterial suspension
4 120 000
(护肤液+菌液)+菌液
, http://www.100md.com
(Jiefukang Lotion+neutralizer+bacterial suspension)
4 111 667
正常菌对照
Normal bacteria control
4 100 000
生理盐水对照
Normal saline control
0
中和剂对照
Neutralizer control
, 百拇医药
0
未接种菌培养基对照
Uninoculated culture medium control
0
注: 试验菌为白色念珠菌。试验温度为22℃。0.5%护肤
液加菌后作用2 min。加中和剂后作用10 min。结
果为3次试验平均值。
Note: The test bacteria were Candida albicans. Tempera
ture was 22℃. The contact time of 0.5% Jiefukang
, http://www.100md.com
Lotion was 2 min after addition of bacteria and was
10 min after addition of neutralizer. The results were means of 3 tests.
2.2 杀菌效果
在悬液试验中，以蒸馏水稀释的0.125%护肤液对大肠杆菌与淋病双球菌作用1.0 min，对金黄色葡萄球菌作用2.0 min，对白色念珠菌作用7.0 min，杀灭率均达99.9%以上；护肤液浓度为0.250%时，对上述菌杀灭率达99.9%所需作用时间分别减至0.5 min、1.5 min与3.0 min(表2，表3)。
表2 洁肤康护肤液对细菌的杀灭效果
Table2 Efficacy of Jiefukang Skin-protecting Lotion in killing bacteria 护肤液浓度
, http://www.100md.com
Concentration of Jiefukang Lotion
(%)
作用不同时间(min)的杀灭率(%)
Killing rate(%)after exposure for different periods of tine(min)
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
大肠杆菌
Escherichia coli
, 百拇医药
0.2500
99.98
99.99
99.99
100.00
0.1250
99.56
99.94
99.98
100.00
0.0625
81.08
96.64
, 百拇医药
99.71
99.86
淋病双球菌
Neisseria gonorrhoeae
0.2500
99.98
99.99
99.99
100.00
0.1250
99.75
99.97
, 百拇医药
99.98
99.99
0.0625
89.83
98.22
99.79
99.87
金黄色葡萄球菌
Staphylococcus aureus
0.2500
95.51
99.03
, http://www.100md.com
99.98
100.00
0.1250
92.69
98.65
99.74
99.95
0.0625
87.62
94.83
96.28
99.89
注: 试验温度为22℃。对照组平均菌数，大肠杆菌为
, 百拇医药
1 500 000 cfu/ml，淋病双球菌为2 760 000
cfu/ml，金黄色葡萄球菌为1 391 667 cfu/ml。结果为3次试验平均值。
Note: The temperature was 22℃. The average bacterial
ount of control group was E. coli 1 500 000
cfu/ml, N. gonorrhoeae 2 760 000 cfu/ml and
S. aureus 1 391 667 cfu/ml. The results were means of 3 tests.
表3 洁肤康护肤液对白色念珠菌的杀灭效果
, 百拇医药
Table3 Efficacy of Jiefukang Skin-protecting
Lotion in killing Candida albicans 护肤液浓度
Concentration of Jiefudang Lotion
(%)
作用不同时间(min)的杀灭率(%)
Killing rate(%)after exposure for different periods of time(min)
1
3
5
, 百拇医药
7
0.2500
99.07
99.90
99.98
99.99
0.1250
98.63
99.60
99.81
99.92
0.0625
96.70
, 百拇医药
99.29
99.46
99.56
注: 试验温度为22℃。对照组平均菌数为2 033 333
cfu/ml。结果为3次试验平均值。
Note: The temperature was 22℃. The average bacterial
count of control group was 2 033 333 cfu/ml.
The results were means of 3 tests.
2.3 有机物的影响
, http://www.100md.com
当菌悬液中含5%小牛血清时，0.250%护肤液对大肠杆菌作用2 min的杀灭率由100%降至98.20%，并随小牛血清浓度增加进一步降低(表4)。
表4 有机物对洁肤康护肤液杀灭大肠杆菌效果的影响
Table4 Influence of organic substance on efficacy of Jiefukang Skin-protecting Lotion in killing Escherichia coli 小牛血清含量
Calf serum content
(%)
平均杀灭率
Average killing rate
, http://www.100md.com
(%)
0
100.00
5
98.20
30
87.53
60
77.40
注: 试验温度为22℃。对照组平均菌数为1 500 000
cfu/ml。以0.25%护肤液加菌后作用2 min。
结果为3次试验平均值。
, 百拇医药
Note: The temperature was 22℃. The average bacterial count of control group was 1 500 000 cfu/ml. 0.25% of the Skin-protecting Lotion was used and amp;the contact time after addition of bacteria was 2 min. The results were means of 3 tests.
2.4 稳定性
将贮存前与在56℃下放置7 d和14 d的护肤液均稀释成0.250%浓度，对大肠杆菌作用1.5 min，平均杀灭率无明显变化(表5)。
表5 于56℃放置前后洁肤康护肤液对大肠杆菌的杀灭效果
Table5 Efficacy of Jiefukang Skin-protecting
, 百拇医药
Lotion in killing E. coli before and after storing at 56℃ 放置时间
Storing time
(d)
对照组平均菌数
Average bacterial count of control group
(cfu/ml)
消毒组平均菌数
Average bacterial count of disinfection group
(cfu/ml)
, 百拇医药
平均杀灭率
Average killing rate
(%)
0
1 500 000
18
99.99
7
1 540 000
25
99.99
14
1 520 000
, 百拇医药
28
99.99
注: 试验温度为22℃。以0.25%护肤液作用1.5 min。结果为3次试验平均值。
Note: The temperature was 22℃. 0.25% Skin-protecting
Lotion with a 1.5 min contact time was used. The results were means of 3 tests.
3 结语
结果表明，以洁肤康护肤液原液浓度为100%，其浓度为0.125%的水溶液对大肠杆菌和淋病双球菌作用1.0 min，对金黄色葡萄球菌作用2.0 min，对白色念珠菌作用7.0 min，杀灭率均可达99.9%以上。杀菌作用随其浓度增加，作用时间延长而增强，随有机物浓度增加而减弱。密封保存于56℃下2周，杀菌效果无明显变化。
(1997-11-27收稿 1998-07-25修回), 百拇医药
单位：魏群生 郭振东 施绮云 薛广波 (第二军医大学流行病学教研室，上海 200433)
关键词：植物消毒剂；当归；白芷；紫草；杀菌作用；淋病双球菌；金黄色葡萄球菌大肠杆菌；白色念珠菌
中国消毒学杂志980404
提 要 以当归、白芷、紫草等中药提取液为主要成分的洁肤康护肤液，稀释成0.125%溶液，对大肠杆菌与淋病双球菌作用1 min，对金黄色葡萄球菌作用2 min，对白色念珠菌作用7 min，杀灭率均达99.9%以上。有机物对其杀菌作用有明显影响。该原液放置于56℃条件下2周，杀菌效果无明显变化。
LABORATORY OBSERVATION ON GERMICIDAL PROPERTY OF
, http://www.100md.com
JIEFUKANG SKIN-PROTECTING LOTION
Wei Qunsheng Guo Zhendong Shi Qiyun Xue Guangbo
( Department of Epidemiology,Second Military Medical University,Shanghai 200433 )
Abstract Jiefukang Skin-protecting Lotion is prepared by steaming and homogenizing
the extracts of Chinese medicinal herbs, such as Radix Angelicae Sinensis,Radix Angelicae Dahuricae, Radix Arnebiae Seu Lithospermi, etc., with aromatic oil. Examination found that in suspension, the killing rate of Escherichia coli Sand Neisseria gonorrhoeae exposed to its 0.125% solution (800-fold dilution with water) for 1 min, and Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans exposed to the same solution for 2 min and 7 min respectively was higher than 99.9%. Its germicidal efficacy ncreased with increasing its concentration and prolonging the exposure time and decreased in presence of organic substances. When its stock solution was stored at 56℃ under airtight condition for 2 weeks, no significant change in its germicidal efficacy was observed.
, 百拇医药
Key words plant disinfectant Radix Angelicae Sinensis Radix Angelicae Dahuricae Radix Arnebiae Seu Lithospermi germicidal effect Neisseria gonorrhoeaeStaphylococcus aureus Escherichia coli Candida albicans
洁肤康护肤液(以下简称护肤液)是由当归、白芷、紫草等中药水煎提取液配以芳香油，经熟化和均质而成。在实验室，对其杀菌性能进行了试验观察。现将结果报告如下。
1 方法
1.1 中和剂选择试验
试验菌为白色念珠菌(ATCC 10231)。试验设8组：① 消毒剂+菌液；② (消毒剂+菌液)+中和剂；③ 中和剂+菌液；④ (消毒剂+中和剂)+菌液；⑤ 生理盐水+菌液(正常菌对照)；⑥ 未加菌生理盐水对照；⑦ 未加菌中和剂对照；⑧ 未接种菌培养基对照。试验结果，当第6、7、8组不长菌，第3、4、5组组间菌数相差不超过10%，第1组不长菌或长菌量远少于第2组，第2组长菌量超过100 cfu/ml时，为所选中和剂及其浓度适宜。
, 百拇医药
1.2 悬液定量杀菌试验
试验菌为白色念珠菌、淋病双球菌(29104)、大肠杆菌(8099)与金黄色葡萄球菌(ATCC 6538)。试验时，将0.5 ml菌悬液与4.5 ml护肤液(对照为无菌蒸馏水)混匀。作用至预定时间，吸取0.5 ml混合液加入盛有4.5 ml中和剂的试管中，混匀。中和作用10 min，取该液或其稀释液接种平皿，倾注普通营养琼脂培养基(淋病双球菌为血琼脂培养基，白色念珠菌为沙氏培养基)并混匀。于37℃培养48 h，计数菌落数，计算杀灭率。
观察有机物影响时，向菌悬液中加不同量小牛血清。
1.3 稳定性检测
将护肤液原液装入试剂瓶中密封后，存放于56℃温箱中。于放置前、后，分别取样测定其杀菌效果。
2 结果
, 百拇医药
2.1 中和剂试验结果
在所选8种中和剂中，仅含0.5%硫代硫酸钠、2.0%甘氨酸与5.0%吐温80的生理盐水溶液对0.5%护扶液(原液200倍稀释液)的中和作用符合要求(表1)，而且凡不含甘氨酸或吐温80者，中和护肤液的效果均较差。
表1 洁肤康护肤液中和试验结果
Table1 Results of neutralization test of Jiefukang Skin-protecting Lotion 组别
Group
平均菌数
Average bacterial count
(cfu/ml)
, http://www.100md.com
护肤液+菌液
Jiefudang Lotion+bacterial suspension
0
(护肤液+菌液)+中和剂
(Jidfukang Lotion + bacterial suspension)+neutralizer
883
中和剂+菌液
Neutralizer+bacterial suspension
4 120 000
(护肤液+菌液)+菌液
, http://www.100md.com
(Jiefukang Lotion+neutralizer+bacterial suspension)
4 111 667
正常菌对照
Normal bacteria control
4 100 000
生理盐水对照
Normal saline control
0
中和剂对照
Neutralizer control
, 百拇医药
0
未接种菌培养基对照
Uninoculated culture medium control
0
注: 试验菌为白色念珠菌。试验温度为22℃。0.5%护肤
液加菌后作用2 min。加中和剂后作用10 min。结
果为3次试验平均值。
Note: The test bacteria were Candida albicans. Tempera
ture was 22℃. The contact time of 0.5% Jiefukang
, http://www.100md.com
Lotion was 2 min after addition of bacteria and was
10 min after addition of neutralizer. The results were means of 3 tests.
2.2 杀菌效果
在悬液试验中，以蒸馏水稀释的0.125%护肤液对大肠杆菌与淋病双球菌作用1.0 min，对金黄色葡萄球菌作用2.0 min，对白色念珠菌作用7.0 min，杀灭率均达99.9%以上；护肤液浓度为0.250%时，对上述菌杀灭率达99.9%所需作用时间分别减至0.5 min、1.5 min与3.0 min(表2，表3)。
表2 洁肤康护肤液对细菌的杀灭效果
Table2 Efficacy of Jiefukang Skin-protecting Lotion in killing bacteria 护肤液浓度
, http://www.100md.com
Concentration of Jiefukang Lotion
(%)
作用不同时间(min)的杀灭率(%)
Killing rate(%)after exposure for different periods of tine(min)
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
大肠杆菌
Escherichia coli
, 百拇医药
0.2500
99.98
99.99
99.99
100.00
0.1250
99.56
99.94
99.98
100.00
0.0625
81.08
96.64
, 百拇医药
99.71
99.86
淋病双球菌
Neisseria gonorrhoeae
0.2500
99.98
99.99
99.99
100.00
0.1250
99.75
99.97
, 百拇医药
99.98
99.99
0.0625
89.83
98.22
99.79
99.87
金黄色葡萄球菌
Staphylococcus aureus
0.2500
95.51
99.03
, http://www.100md.com
99.98
100.00
0.1250
92.69
98.65
99.74
99.95
0.0625
87.62
94.83
96.28
99.89
注: 试验温度为22℃。对照组平均菌数，大肠杆菌为
, 百拇医药
1 500 000 cfu/ml，淋病双球菌为2 760 000
cfu/ml，金黄色葡萄球菌为1 391 667 cfu/ml。结果为3次试验平均值。
Note: The temperature was 22℃. The average bacterial
ount of control group was E. coli 1 500 000
cfu/ml, N. gonorrhoeae 2 760 000 cfu/ml and
S. aureus 1 391 667 cfu/ml. The results were means of 3 tests.
表3 洁肤康护肤液对白色念珠菌的杀灭效果
, 百拇医药
Table3 Efficacy of Jiefukang Skin-protecting
Lotion in killing Candida albicans 护肤液浓度
Concentration of Jiefudang Lotion
(%)
作用不同时间(min)的杀灭率(%)
Killing rate(%)after exposure for different periods of time(min)
1
3
5
, 百拇医药
7
0.2500
99.07
99.90
99.98
99.99
0.1250
98.63
99.60
99.81
99.92
0.0625
96.70
, 百拇医药
99.29
99.46
99.56
注: 试验温度为22℃。对照组平均菌数为2 033 333
cfu/ml。结果为3次试验平均值。
Note: The temperature was 22℃. The average bacterial
count of control group was 2 033 333 cfu/ml.
The results were means of 3 tests.
2.3 有机物的影响
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当菌悬液中含5%小牛血清时，0.250%护肤液对大肠杆菌作用2 min的杀灭率由100%降至98.20%，并随小牛血清浓度增加进一步降低(表4)。
表4 有机物对洁肤康护肤液杀灭大肠杆菌效果的影响
Table4 Influence of organic substance on efficacy of Jiefukang Skin-protecting Lotion in killing Escherichia coli 小牛血清含量
Calf serum content
(%)
平均杀灭率
Average killing rate
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(%)
0
100.00
5
98.20
30
87.53
60
77.40
注: 试验温度为22℃。对照组平均菌数为1 500 000
cfu/ml。以0.25%护肤液加菌后作用2 min。
结果为3次试验平均值。
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Note: The temperature was 22℃. The average bacterial count of control group was 1 500 000 cfu/ml. 0.25% of the Skin-protecting Lotion was used and amp;the contact time after addition of bacteria was 2 min. The results were means of 3 tests.
2.4 稳定性
将贮存前与在56℃下放置7 d和14 d的护肤液均稀释成0.250%浓度，对大肠杆菌作用1.5 min，平均杀灭率无明显变化(表5)。
表5 于56℃放置前后洁肤康护肤液对大肠杆菌的杀灭效果
Table5 Efficacy of Jiefukang Skin-protecting
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Lotion in killing E. coli before and after storing at 56℃ 放置时间
Storing time
(d)
对照组平均菌数
Average bacterial count of control group
(cfu/ml)
消毒组平均菌数
Average bacterial count of disinfection group
(cfu/ml)
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平均杀灭率
Average killing rate
(%)
0
1 500 000
18
99.99
7
1 540 000
25
99.99
14
1 520 000
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28
99.99
注: 试验温度为22℃。以0.25%护肤液作用1.5 min。结果为3次试验平均值。
Note: The temperature was 22℃. 0.25% Skin-protecting
Lotion with a 1.5 min contact time was used. The results were means of 3 tests.
3 结语
结果表明，以洁肤康护肤液原液浓度为100%，其浓度为0.125%的水溶液对大肠杆菌和淋病双球菌作用1.0 min，对金黄色葡萄球菌作用2.0 min，对白色念珠菌作用7.0 min，杀灭率均可达99.9%以上。杀菌作用随其浓度增加，作用时间延长而增强，随有机物浓度增加而减弱。密封保存于56℃下2周，杀菌效果无明显变化。
(1997-11-27收稿 1998-07-25修回), 百拇医药