LVFX与四种氟喹诺酮类药物的抗菌活性比较
作者:林 彩 罗 东 钟履华
单位:第三军医大学西南医院药剂科 重庆 400038
关键词:左旋氧氟沙星;体外抗菌活性
华西药学杂志990518 提要 利用微量二倍稀释法测定左旋氧氟沙星(LVFX)对167株临床常见致病菌的体外抗菌活性,并与4种氟喹诺酮类药物进行比较。结果表明,5种氟喹诺酮药物对多数受试菌有较强的抗菌活性。
ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITIES OF LEVOFLOXACIN AND
OTHER 4 FLUOROQUINOLONES IN VITRO
Lin Cai Luo Dong Zhong Lühua
, 百拇医药
(Department of Pharmacy,Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical College Chongqing 400038)
ABSTRACT The antibacterial activity of levofloxacin (LVFX) against 167 clinical isolates was examined in vitro and compared with other 4 fluoroquinolones with broth microdilution method. The results showed that 5 fluoroquinolones exhibited high activity against mast of isolates. The MIC50 of LVFX against Strepticoccus was 1 μg/ml, LVFX inhibited 50% of P.aeruginosa, S.aureus, E.coli,N.gonorrhoeae and K.Poneumoniae at a concentration of <0.5 μg/ml. The MIC90 of LVFX ranged from <0.5 to 32 μg/ml.LVFX was comparable to Ciprofloxacin against P.aeruginosa、N.gonorrhoeae and E.coli,and more active than Ciprofloxacin against S.aureus,Streptococcus and K.pneumoniae. LVFX was 2~8 times of Ofloxacin, and was 2~16 times of Norfloxacin and Lomefloxacin in the activity.
, 百拇医药
Key Words Levofloxacin Antibacterial activities in vitro
左旋氧氟沙星(levofloxacin,LVFX,可乐必妥)为新型喹诺酮类广谱抗菌药。可用于呼吸道、外科、妇科、皮肤科感染等。现将左旋氧氟沙星对临床常见致病菌的体外抗菌活性进行测定并与其它4种喹诺酮类药物进行比较。
1 实验部分
1.1 药品、菌株和培养基
左旋氧氟沙星、氧氟沙星(ofloxacin,OFLX,泰利必妥)(日本第一制药株式会社);环丙沙星(ciprofloxacin,CPLX,南京药科大学制药厂);洛美沙星(lomefloxacin,LMLX)、诺氟沙星(norfloxacin,NFLX)(西南合成制药厂)。所用临床分离菌株均由第三军医大学西南医院检验科细菌室分离鉴定,其中金黄色葡萄球菌68株、绿脓假单胞菌28株、大肠艾希氏菌22株、淋病萘瑟氏菌19株、肺炎克雷伯氏菌12株、链球菌18株、共计167株;质控菌用金黄色葡萄球菌ATCC25923、大肠艾希氏菌ATCC25922。MH培养基(液体、固体,中国药品生物制品检定所);淋球菌培养基(广西桂林皮肤病研究所);链球菌的培养用5%脱纤维兔血加入MH培养基。
, http://www.100md.com
1.2 方法与结果
1.2.1 最小抑菌浓度(MIC)测定 淋球菌采用平皿二倍稀释法,其它细菌采用微量二倍稀释法测定MIC。于含有系列浓度药液的96孔板中,加入菌液(最终浓度为105C FU/ml),37℃培养18 h,未见细菌生长的最低浓度为其最小抑菌浓度。5种氟喹诺酮类药物对6种临床常见致病菌的MIC结果见表1。
Table 1 The MIC of 5 fluoroquinolones against clinical isolates Oranism
(No.of strains)
Drug
MIC50
(μg/ml)
, http://www.100md.com
MIC50
(μg/ml)
MIC range
(μg/ml)
S.aureus
(68)
LVFX
<0.5
4
<0.5~32
CPLX
<0.5
, http://www.100md.com
32
<0.5~128
LMLX
2
64
<0.5~>128
NFLX
<0.5
64
<0.5~>128
OFLX
<0.5
8
, 百拇医药
<0.5~128
P.aeruginosa
(28)
LVFX
<0.5
<0.5
<0.5~1
CPLX
<0.5
<0.5
<0.5~64
LMLX
2
, 百拇医药
4
<0.5~>128
NFLX
<0.5
<0.5
<0.5~1
OFLX
<0.5
1
<0.5~1
N.gonorrhoeae
(19)
LVFX
, http://www.100md.com
0.25
2
<0.125~2
CPLX
<0.5
2
<0.125~2
LMLX
4
16
<0.125~>32
NFLX
1
, 百拇医药
4
<0.125~4
OFLX
1
16
<0.125~16
E.coli
(22)
LVFX
4
32
<0.5~64
CPLX
, 百拇医药
4
32
<0.5~32
LMLX
32
128
<0.5~>128
NFLX
8
64
<0.5~128
OFLX
16
, 百拇医药
32
<0.5~64
Streptoccus
(18)
LVFX
1
2
<0.5~4
CPLX
2
4
<0.5~4
LMLX
, http://www.100md.com
4
16
<0.5~32
NFLX
4
16
<0.5~16
OFLX
4
8
1~8
K.pneumoniae
(12)
, http://www.100md.com
LVFX
<0.5
1
<0.5~1
CPLX
<0.5
2
<0.5~2
LMLX
<0.5
4
<0.5~>4
NFLX
, http://www.100md.com
<0.5
4
<0.5~32
OFLX
<0.5
2
<0.5~64
1.2.2 最低杀菌浓度(MBC)测定 取MIC测定中未见细菌生长的微孔中培养液0.1 ml,接种于不含抗菌药物的MH琼脂平皿表面,37℃再孵育18 h,未见细菌生长的最低药物浓度为最低杀菌浓度。5种氟喹诺酮类物的MBC结果见表2。Table 2 The MBC of 5 fluoroquinolones(μg/ml) Organism
(strains)
, http://www.100md.com
LVFX
CPLX
LMLX
NFLX
OFLX
MIC90
MBC90
MIC90
MBC90
MIC90
MBC90
, http://www.100md.com
MIC90
MBC90
MIC90
MBC90
S.aureus
(20)
4
8
32
64
64
128
, http://www.100md.com
64
128
8
16
P.aeruginosa
(10)
<0.5
4
<0.5
4
2
16
<0.5
, 百拇医药
4
1
8
E.coli
(10)
8
16
6
16
32
32
32
64
16
, http://www.100md.com
32
Streptoccus
(10)
2
4
8
8
8
8
8
4
8
K.pneumoniae
, 百拇医药
(10)
<0.5
1
<0.5
2
2
4
1
1
1
4
2 讨论
2.1 LVFX对试验菌有良好的抗菌活性,对金黄色葡萄球菌、绿脓假单胞菌、肺炎克雷伯氏菌、淋球菌的MIC50均<0.5 μg/ml,对链球菌的MIC50为1 μg/ml。对大肠艾希氏菌的MIC90为32 μg/ml,对其它细菌的MIC90<0.5~8 μg/ml。
, http://www.100md.com
2.2 LVFX与其它几种药物比较,对绿脓假单胞菌、淋球菌和大肠艾希氏菌的抗菌活性与CPLX相当,对金黄色葡萄球菌、链球菌和肺炎克雷伯氏菌的抗菌活性比CPLX强。LVFX对试验菌的抗菌活性为OFLX的2~8倍,与文献[1]报道一致。LVFX的抗菌活性为NFLX和LMLX的2~16倍。与文献[2]比较,几种药物的MIC90都有所上升,可能与该类药物在临床广泛应用有关。
2.3 由MBC结果可见,LVFX、CPLX、LMLX、NFLX、OFLX对大肠艾希氏菌、链球菌、肺炎克雷伯氏菌、金黄色葡萄球菌的MBC90为MIC90的1~4倍,对绿脓假单胞菌的MBC90为MIC90的8倍。
参考文献
1 Isao Haykawa, Shohgo Atarashi, Shuichi Yokohama, et al. Synthesis and antibacterial activities of optically active ofloxacin. The Japaness Journal of Antibitics,1986,29(1)∶163
2 Tsutomu Une, Teruo Fujimoto, Kenichi Sato, et al. in vitro activity of DR-3355, an optically active ofloxacin. The Japaness Journal of Autibictics,1988,32(9)∶1336, 百拇医药
单位:第三军医大学西南医院药剂科 重庆 400038
关键词:左旋氧氟沙星;体外抗菌活性
华西药学杂志990518 提要 利用微量二倍稀释法测定左旋氧氟沙星(LVFX)对167株临床常见致病菌的体外抗菌活性,并与4种氟喹诺酮类药物进行比较。结果表明,5种氟喹诺酮药物对多数受试菌有较强的抗菌活性。
ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITIES OF LEVOFLOXACIN AND
OTHER 4 FLUOROQUINOLONES IN VITRO
Lin Cai Luo Dong Zhong Lühua
, 百拇医药
(Department of Pharmacy,Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical College Chongqing 400038)
ABSTRACT The antibacterial activity of levofloxacin (LVFX) against 167 clinical isolates was examined in vitro and compared with other 4 fluoroquinolones with broth microdilution method. The results showed that 5 fluoroquinolones exhibited high activity against mast of isolates. The MIC50 of LVFX against Strepticoccus was 1 μg/ml, LVFX inhibited 50% of P.aeruginosa, S.aureus, E.coli,N.gonorrhoeae and K.Poneumoniae at a concentration of <0.5 μg/ml. The MIC90 of LVFX ranged from <0.5 to 32 μg/ml.LVFX was comparable to Ciprofloxacin against P.aeruginosa、N.gonorrhoeae and E.coli,and more active than Ciprofloxacin against S.aureus,Streptococcus and K.pneumoniae. LVFX was 2~8 times of Ofloxacin, and was 2~16 times of Norfloxacin and Lomefloxacin in the activity.
, 百拇医药
Key Words Levofloxacin Antibacterial activities in vitro
左旋氧氟沙星(levofloxacin,LVFX,可乐必妥)为新型喹诺酮类广谱抗菌药。可用于呼吸道、外科、妇科、皮肤科感染等。现将左旋氧氟沙星对临床常见致病菌的体外抗菌活性进行测定并与其它4种喹诺酮类药物进行比较。
1 实验部分
1.1 药品、菌株和培养基
左旋氧氟沙星、氧氟沙星(ofloxacin,OFLX,泰利必妥)(日本第一制药株式会社);环丙沙星(ciprofloxacin,CPLX,南京药科大学制药厂);洛美沙星(lomefloxacin,LMLX)、诺氟沙星(norfloxacin,NFLX)(西南合成制药厂)。所用临床分离菌株均由第三军医大学西南医院检验科细菌室分离鉴定,其中金黄色葡萄球菌68株、绿脓假单胞菌28株、大肠艾希氏菌22株、淋病萘瑟氏菌19株、肺炎克雷伯氏菌12株、链球菌18株、共计167株;质控菌用金黄色葡萄球菌ATCC25923、大肠艾希氏菌ATCC25922。MH培养基(液体、固体,中国药品生物制品检定所);淋球菌培养基(广西桂林皮肤病研究所);链球菌的培养用5%脱纤维兔血加入MH培养基。
, http://www.100md.com
1.2 方法与结果
1.2.1 最小抑菌浓度(MIC)测定 淋球菌采用平皿二倍稀释法,其它细菌采用微量二倍稀释法测定MIC。于含有系列浓度药液的96孔板中,加入菌液(最终浓度为105C FU/ml),37℃培养18 h,未见细菌生长的最低浓度为其最小抑菌浓度。5种氟喹诺酮类药物对6种临床常见致病菌的MIC结果见表1。
Table 1 The MIC of 5 fluoroquinolones against clinical isolates Oranism
(No.of strains)
Drug
MIC50
(μg/ml)
, http://www.100md.com
MIC50
(μg/ml)
MIC range
(μg/ml)
S.aureus
(68)
LVFX
<0.5
4
<0.5~32
CPLX
<0.5
, http://www.100md.com
32
<0.5~128
LMLX
2
64
<0.5~>128
NFLX
<0.5
64
<0.5~>128
OFLX
<0.5
8
, 百拇医药
<0.5~128
P.aeruginosa
(28)
LVFX
<0.5
<0.5
<0.5~1
CPLX
<0.5
<0.5
<0.5~64
LMLX
2
, 百拇医药
4
<0.5~>128
NFLX
<0.5
<0.5
<0.5~1
OFLX
<0.5
1
<0.5~1
N.gonorrhoeae
(19)
LVFX
, http://www.100md.com
0.25
2
<0.125~2
CPLX
<0.5
2
<0.125~2
LMLX
4
16
<0.125~>32
NFLX
1
, 百拇医药
4
<0.125~4
OFLX
1
16
<0.125~16
E.coli
(22)
LVFX
4
32
<0.5~64
CPLX
, 百拇医药
4
32
<0.5~32
LMLX
32
128
<0.5~>128
NFLX
8
64
<0.5~128
OFLX
16
, 百拇医药
32
<0.5~64
Streptoccus
(18)
LVFX
1
2
<0.5~4
CPLX
2
4
<0.5~4
LMLX
, http://www.100md.com
4
16
<0.5~32
NFLX
4
16
<0.5~16
OFLX
4
8
1~8
K.pneumoniae
(12)
, http://www.100md.com
LVFX
<0.5
1
<0.5~1
CPLX
<0.5
2
<0.5~2
LMLX
<0.5
4
<0.5~>4
NFLX
, http://www.100md.com
<0.5
4
<0.5~32
OFLX
<0.5
2
<0.5~64
1.2.2 最低杀菌浓度(MBC)测定 取MIC测定中未见细菌生长的微孔中培养液0.1 ml,接种于不含抗菌药物的MH琼脂平皿表面,37℃再孵育18 h,未见细菌生长的最低药物浓度为最低杀菌浓度。5种氟喹诺酮类物的MBC结果见表2。Table 2 The MBC of 5 fluoroquinolones(μg/ml) Organism
(strains)
, http://www.100md.com
LVFX
CPLX
LMLX
NFLX
OFLX
MIC90
MBC90
MIC90
MBC90
MIC90
MBC90
, http://www.100md.com
MIC90
MBC90
MIC90
MBC90
S.aureus
(20)
4
8
32
64
64
128
, http://www.100md.com
64
128
8
16
P.aeruginosa
(10)
<0.5
4
<0.5
4
2
16
<0.5
, 百拇医药
4
1
8
E.coli
(10)
8
16
6
16
32
32
32
64
16
, http://www.100md.com
32
Streptoccus
(10)
2
4
8
8
8
8
8
4
8
K.pneumoniae
, 百拇医药
(10)
<0.5
1
<0.5
2
2
4
1
1
1
4
2 讨论
2.1 LVFX对试验菌有良好的抗菌活性,对金黄色葡萄球菌、绿脓假单胞菌、肺炎克雷伯氏菌、淋球菌的MIC50均<0.5 μg/ml,对链球菌的MIC50为1 μg/ml。对大肠艾希氏菌的MIC90为32 μg/ml,对其它细菌的MIC90<0.5~8 μg/ml。
, http://www.100md.com
2.2 LVFX与其它几种药物比较,对绿脓假单胞菌、淋球菌和大肠艾希氏菌的抗菌活性与CPLX相当,对金黄色葡萄球菌、链球菌和肺炎克雷伯氏菌的抗菌活性比CPLX强。LVFX对试验菌的抗菌活性为OFLX的2~8倍,与文献[1]报道一致。LVFX的抗菌活性为NFLX和LMLX的2~16倍。与文献[2]比较,几种药物的MIC90都有所上升,可能与该类药物在临床广泛应用有关。
2.3 由MBC结果可见,LVFX、CPLX、LMLX、NFLX、OFLX对大肠艾希氏菌、链球菌、肺炎克雷伯氏菌、金黄色葡萄球菌的MBC90为MIC90的1~4倍,对绿脓假单胞菌的MBC90为MIC90的8倍。
参考文献
1 Isao Haykawa, Shohgo Atarashi, Shuichi Yokohama, et al. Synthesis and antibacterial activities of optically active ofloxacin. The Japaness Journal of Antibitics,1986,29(1)∶163
2 Tsutomu Une, Teruo Fujimoto, Kenichi Sato, et al. in vitro activity of DR-3355, an optically active ofloxacin. The Japaness Journal of Autibictics,1988,32(9)∶1336, 百拇医药