长叶榧叶挥发油成分分析及其抗菌作用研究
作者:陈振德 郑汉臣 田美兰△ 张 虹▲ 朱志明□
单位:
关键词:长叶榧;叶;挥发油;抗细菌作用;抗真菌作用
第二军医大学学报980215 摘要 目的:分析长叶榧叶挥发油成分,并观察其抗菌作用。方法:用GC-MS法进行挥发油成分分析,用其挥发油对4种细菌和3种真菌进行体外抗菌作用研究。结果:长叶榧叶挥发油中分离到64个GC峰,已鉴定了54个成分。该挥发油对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、绿脓杆菌、淋病奈瑟菌、白色念珠菌、热带假丝酵母和酿酒酵母均有明显的抑制作用,其最低抑菌质量浓度分别为1.25,1.25,2.50,0.63,5.00,2.50和5.00 g/L。结论:长叶榧叶挥发油具有抑制细菌和真菌的作用。
中国图书资料分类法分类号 R 282.710.5
, http://www.100md.com Constituents analysis and antibacterial and antifungous actions of the essential oil in leaves of Torreya jackii Chun Constituents analysis and antibacterial and antifungous actions of the essential oil in leaves of Torreya jackii Chun
Chen Zhende,Zheng Hanchen,Tian Meilan, Zhang Hong,Zhu Zhiming (Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University,Shanghai,200433)
Abstract Objective: To analyse the constituents of the essential oil in leaves of Torreya jackii Chun(EOLT) and to observe its antibacterial and antifungous actions. Methods: The constituents were analysed by GC-MS.The inhibitory effects of EOLT on four species of bacteria and three species of fungi were tested in vitro. Results: Sixty-four constituents were firstly isolated by GC and 54 constituents were identified in EOLT.EOLT could effectively inhibit Staphylococci aureus,Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Neissia gonorrhoeae, Candida albicans, Candida tropicalis and Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and its MIC were 1.25,1.25,2.50,0.63,5.00,2.50,5.00 g/L, respectively. Conclusion: EOLT has the antibacterial and antifungous actions.
, 百拇医药
Key words Torreya jackii Chun;leaves; essential oil;antibacterial actions; antifungous action
红豆杉科植物长叶榧(Torreya jackii Chun)是中国特有的裸子植物,产于浙江和福建[1],动物实验表明其茎的粗提物具有降压、舒张血管、抗肿瘤、抗菌等作用[2~6]。自从红豆杉科植物中发现抗癌成分紫杉醇后,国内外学者对其研究越来越关注。为了对榧属植物进行系统研究,我们对长叶榧叶挥发油成分进行GC-MS分析,并对该挥发油进行了抗细菌和抗真菌的体外实验。
1 材料和方法
1.1 挥发油的GC-MS分析
1.1.1 材料 1996年5月采自浙江省仙居县,经鉴定为红豆杉科植物长叶榧的叶。
, 百拇医药
1.1.2 提取挥发油 按《中国药典》(1995年版)附录挥发油测定项进行,水蒸气蒸馏而得,挥发油得率为3.00 ml/kg。
1.1.3 测定仪器及条件 仪器:Finnigan MAT ITD 800 GC/MS/DS。GC条件:HP-5MS石英毛细管柱(30 m×0.25 mm),进样口温度260℃,柱温150℃(3 min)~250℃(10 min),升温速度4℃/min,载气压力0.25 MPa,进样量0.1 μl。MS条件:电离方式EI,电离电压70 eV,灯丝电流80 μA,倍增器电压2 200 V,离子焰温度220℃,传输线温度230℃。
1.1.4 数据处理及联机检索 用气质联用仪计算机的NBS谱库自动检索各组分的质谱数据,参考有关标准图谱对机检结果进行核对和补充检索,经色谱峰面积归一化法计算,得出各组分的质量分数。
1.2 挥发油的体外抗细菌和抗真菌实验
, 百拇医药
1.2.1 受试样品 取长叶榧叶挥发油,加2倍量吐温-80,搅匀,加蒸馏水稀释成2%的溶液。
1.2.2 受试菌株 金黄色葡萄球菌(Staphylococci aureus)、大肠杆菌(Escherichia coli)、绿脓杆菌(Pseudomonas aeruginosa)、淋病奈瑟菌(Neisseria gonorrhoeae)、白色念珠菌(Candida albicans)、热带假丝酵母(Candida tropicalis)和酿酒酵母(Saccharomyces cerevisiae)。
1.2.3 受试条件[7] 细菌用水解酪蛋白液体培养基(淋病奈瑟菌用淋病液体培养基), 真菌用改良沙保培养基。细菌在35℃孵箱培养18~24 h,真菌在37℃孵箱培养72 h。
1.2.4 接种物的准备 取已分纯的上述菌株数个菌落分别移种于上述培养基,孵育4~6 h,校正菌液的浓度,使其相当于0.5麦氏管的混浊度,再稀释1∶200后备用。
, 百拇医药
1.2.5 抗菌实验方法 排列试管10支,除第1管外,每管加入培养基1 ml。先吸取药物原液5.12 ml加入培养基4.88 ml,混匀,第1管和第2管中分别加入1 ml。第2管经混匀后吸出1 ml,加入第3管中,依次类推至第10管后,吸出1 ml弃去。另设对照管仅含培养基1 ml。将已校正浓度的待检菌悬液加入各含药管内,每管0.05 ml,混匀。各试管置孵箱过夜后观察结果(淋病奈瑟菌试管置于有10%CO2环境中培养)。抗菌实验重复3次。
2 结 果
2.1 挥发油成分的GC-MS分析 从长叶榧叶的挥发油中分离到64个GC峰,已鉴定出54个成分(见表1),其中含量较高的有γ-荜澄茄烯(γ-cadinene,16.233%)、石竹烯(caryophyllene,13.270%)、罗勒烯(ocimene,8.410%)、反式-β-法呢烯(trans-β-farnesene,6.052%)等。
, 百拇医药
2.2 挥发油的抗细菌和抗真菌作用 长叶榧叶挥
表 1 长叶榧叶挥发油成分
Tab 1 Constituents of the essential oil in the leaves of Torreya jackii No.
Constituent
Formula
Mr
Content(%)
1
3-carene
C10H16
, 百拇医药
136
0.056
2
ocimene
C10H16
136
8.410
3
1,5-dimethyl-6-methylene-
C10H16
136
, 百拇医药
0.207
spiro[2,4] heptane
4
unidentified
0.068
5
4-methylene-1-(1-methyl-
C10H16
136
0.340
ethyl)-cyclohexene
, http://www.100md.com
6
1-methylene-4-(1-methylethyl)-
C10H16
136
2.481
cyclohexene
7
methyl-(1-methylethyl)-benzene
C10H14
134
, http://www.100md.com 0.125
8
1-methyl-4-(1-methylethenyl)-
C10H16
136
0.479
cyclohexene
9
1,1-dimethyl-2-(3-methyl-1,3-
C10H16
136
, 百拇医药
0.558
butadienyl)-cyclopropane
10
3,7-dimethyl-1,3,7-octatriene
C10H16
136
0.578
11
3-methyl-6-(1-methylidene)-
C10H16
, 百拇医药
136
0.222
cyclohexene
12
2-methyl-6-methylene-1,7-
C10H14O
150
0.156
octadien-3-one
13
unidentified
, 百拇医药
0.071
14
6,6-dimethyl-2-methylene-
C10H16O
152
0.090
bicyclo[3,1,1]heptan-3-ol
15
unidentified
0.198
16
, http://www.100md.com
4-methyl-1-(1-methylethyl)-
C10H18O
154
0.167
3-cyclohexene-1-ol
17
1-(methylphenyl)-ethenone
C 9H10O
134
0.099
, 百拇医药
18
α,α,4-trimethyl-3-cyclo-
C10H18O
154
0.289
hexene-1-methanol
19
6,6-dimethyl-bicyclo[3,1,1]
C10H14O
150
, 百拇医药 0.109
hept-2-ene-2-carboxaldehyde
20
2-dodecenal
C12H22O
182
0.262
21
4-(2,6,6-trimethyl-2-cyclo-
C13H20O
192
, 百拇医药
1.206
hexen-1-ylidene)-2-butanone
22
4,11,11-trimethyl-8-methylene-
C15H24
204
0.171
bicyclo[7,2,0]undec-4-ene
23
α-cubebene
C15H24
, 百拇医药
204
0.179
No.
Constituent
Formula
Mr
Content(%)
24
copane
C15H24
204
0.237
, 百拇医药
25
β-cubebene
C15H24
204
0.362
26
1,5,α-trimethyl-1,5,α-
C15H24
204
0.882
cyclododecatriene
, 百拇医药
27
unidentified
0.114
28
[S-(R*,S*)]-5-(1,5-
C15H24
204
0.223
dimethyl-4-hexenyl)-2-methyl-
1,3-cyclohexadiene
, http://www.100md.com
29
(1α,4aα,8aα)-1,2,3,4,4a,5,6,8a-
C15H24
204
0.330
octahydro-7-methyl-4-methylene-
1-(1-methlethyl)-naphthalene
30
caryophyllene
C15H24
, http://www.100md.com
204
13.27
31
[1aR-(1aα,7α,7aα,7bα)]-1a,2,C15H24
204
1.038
3,5,6,7,7a,7b-octahydro-1,1,7,7a-tetramethyl-1H-cyclo-
propa[a]naphthalene
32
(1aα,3aα,7bα)-1a,2,3,3a,4,5,7a,C15H24
, http://www.100md.com
204
0.915
7b-octahydro-1,1,3a,7-tetra-
methyl-1H-cyclopropa-
[a]naphthalene
33
unidentified
0.772
34
trans-β-farnesene
C15H24
, 百拇医药
204
6.052
35
(1α,4aα,8aβ)-1,2,3,4,4a,5,6,8a-
C15H24
204
3.198
octahytro-7-methyl-4-methylene-
1-(1-methylethyl)-naphthalene
36
γ-cadinene
, http://www.100md.com
C15H24
204
16.233
37
(R)-2,4a,5,6,7,8,-hexahydro-
C15H24
204
4.640
3,5,5,9-tetramethyl-1H-
benzocycloheptene
, 百拇医药 38
4-phenyl-bicyclo[2,2,2]octan-1-ol
C14H18O
202
1.923
39
2,6-dimethyl-6-(4-methyl-3-pen-
C15H24
204
1.046
tenyl)-bicyclo[3,1,1]hept-2-ene
, http://www.100md.com
40
(1α,4aβ,8aα)-1,2,3,4,4a,5,6,C15H24
204
1.944
8a-octahydro-7-methyl-4-methy-
lene-(1-methylethyl)-naphthalene
41
(1S-cis)-1,2,3,5,6,8a-hexahy-
C15H24
, http://www.100md.com
204
4.526
(续表) No.
Constituent
Formula
Mr
Content(%)
dro-4,7-dimethyl-1-(1-methyl-
ethyl)-naphthalene
42
(E)-4-hexadecen-6-yne
, http://www.100md.com
C16H28
220
0.633
43
3,7,11-trimethyl-1,6,10-
C15H26O
222
1.152
dodecatrien-3-ol
44
(Z)-3-hexen-1-ol benzoate
, 百拇医药
C13H16O2
204
0.667
45
[4R-(4α,4aα,6β)]-4,4a,5,6,7,C15H22O
218
3.404
8-hexahydro-4,4a-dimethyl-6-
(1-methylethenyl)-2(3H)-
naphthalenone
, 百拇医药
46
[4R-(4α,4aβ,6β)]-4,4a,5,6,7,C15H22O
218
2.702
8-hexahydro-4,4a-dimethyl-6-
(1-methy-lethenyl)-2(3H)-
naphthalenone
47
(E,E)-3,7,11-trimethyl-2,6,C15H26O
, 百拇医药
222
0.834
10-dodecatrien-1-ol
48
(Z)-4-hexadecen-6-yne
C16H28
220
1.707
49
unidentified
1.322
, 百拇医药 50
levomenol
C15H26O
222
2.013
51
unidentified
2.980
52
hexadecanal
C16H32O
, http://www.100md.com 240
1.516
No.
Constituent
Formula
Mr
Content(%)
53
(E,E)-3,7,11-trimethyl-
C15H24O
220
, 百拇医药 2.799
2,6,10-dodecatrienal
54
(Z,E)-3,7,11-trimethyl-2,6,C15H24O
220
0.348
10-dodecatrienal
55
unidentified
0.307
56
, http://www.100md.com
benzoic acid phenyl methyl ester
C14H12O2
212
0.448
57
3-(dodecyl)dihydro-2,5-
C16H26O3
266
0.288
furandione
, http://www.100md.com
58
hexadecanoic acid
C16H32O2
256
0.973
59
1-chloro-7-heptadecene
C17H33C
272.5
0.219
60
, http://www.100md.com
[4aS-(4aα,5α,4aβ)-decahydro-
C20H32
272
0.529
1,1,4a-trimethyl-6-methylene-
5-(3-methylene-4-pentenyl)-
naphthalene
61
unidentified
0.237
, 百拇医药
62
(E)-9-eicosene
C20H40
280
0.210
63
unidentified
0.238
64
[1S-(1α,4aα,5α,8αβ)]-decahydro-
C20H34O2
, 百拇医药
220
0.214
5-(5-hydroxy-3-methyl-3-penten-
yl)-1,4a-dimethyl-6-methylene-
1-naphthalene methanol
发油对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、 绿脓杆菌、淋病奈瑟菌、白色念珠菌、热带假丝酵母和酿酒酵母的最低抑菌质量浓度(MIC)分别为1.25,1.25,2.50,0.63,5.00,2.50,5.00 g/L。
3 讨 论
长叶榧为红豆杉科榧属植物,该属植物均含挥发油,具芳香气味,不为虫菌所害[8],其木材入土而不腐。我们对长叶榧叶的挥发油成分进行了GC-MS分析,从中分离到64个GC峰,鉴定出54种成分,为该药用植物的系统研究积累了资料。
, 百拇医药
对长叶榧叶挥发油进行的体外抗细菌和抗真菌实验结果表明,其挥发油对医院常见致病菌有较强的抑制作用。该挥发油对不同菌种的抑制强度依次为:淋病奈瑟菌>金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌>绿脓杆菌、热带假丝酵母>白色念珠菌、酿酒酵母。
致谢 复旦大学中心实验室胡耀铭老师协助GC-MS测定,特致谢意!
参 考 文 献
1 中国科学院中国植物志编缉委员会.中国植物志(第7卷).北京: 科学出版社,1978.464~467
2 倪 峰,王碧英,郑光中.长叶榧药理作用的研究.福建中医药,1989,20(3):18
3 陈仁通,潘丽卿,林 温,等.长叶榧化学成分的研究( Ⅰ).中药通报,1982,7(6):31
, 百拇医药
4 陈仁通,潘丽卿,高 凌,等.长叶榧化学成分的研究(Ⅱ).中药通报,1985,10(4):32
5 陈仁通,方圣鼎.长叶榧化学成分的研究(Ⅲ).长叶榧醇的结构.中草药,1986,17(12):38
6 中国药材公司.中国中药资源志要.北京:科学出版社,1994.156
7 徐淑云,卞如濂,陈 修,等.药理实验方法学.北京: 人民卫生出版社,1991. 1385~1389
8 成俊卿,杨家驹,刘 鹏.中国木材志.北京: 中国林业出版社,1992.81~82
(1997-08-16收稿,1997-12-20修回), 百拇医药
单位:
关键词:长叶榧;叶;挥发油;抗细菌作用;抗真菌作用
第二军医大学学报980215 摘要 目的:分析长叶榧叶挥发油成分,并观察其抗菌作用。方法:用GC-MS法进行挥发油成分分析,用其挥发油对4种细菌和3种真菌进行体外抗菌作用研究。结果:长叶榧叶挥发油中分离到64个GC峰,已鉴定了54个成分。该挥发油对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、绿脓杆菌、淋病奈瑟菌、白色念珠菌、热带假丝酵母和酿酒酵母均有明显的抑制作用,其最低抑菌质量浓度分别为1.25,1.25,2.50,0.63,5.00,2.50和5.00 g/L。结论:长叶榧叶挥发油具有抑制细菌和真菌的作用。
中国图书资料分类法分类号 R 282.710.5
, http://www.100md.com Constituents analysis and antibacterial and antifungous actions of the essential oil in leaves of Torreya jackii Chun Constituents analysis and antibacterial and antifungous actions of the essential oil in leaves of Torreya jackii Chun
Chen Zhende,Zheng Hanchen,Tian Meilan, Zhang Hong,Zhu Zhiming (Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University,Shanghai,200433)
Abstract Objective: To analyse the constituents of the essential oil in leaves of Torreya jackii Chun(EOLT) and to observe its antibacterial and antifungous actions. Methods: The constituents were analysed by GC-MS.The inhibitory effects of EOLT on four species of bacteria and three species of fungi were tested in vitro. Results: Sixty-four constituents were firstly isolated by GC and 54 constituents were identified in EOLT.EOLT could effectively inhibit Staphylococci aureus,Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Neissia gonorrhoeae, Candida albicans, Candida tropicalis and Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and its MIC were 1.25,1.25,2.50,0.63,5.00,2.50,5.00 g/L, respectively. Conclusion: EOLT has the antibacterial and antifungous actions.
, 百拇医药
Key words Torreya jackii Chun;leaves; essential oil;antibacterial actions; antifungous action
红豆杉科植物长叶榧(Torreya jackii Chun)是中国特有的裸子植物,产于浙江和福建[1],动物实验表明其茎的粗提物具有降压、舒张血管、抗肿瘤、抗菌等作用[2~6]。自从红豆杉科植物中发现抗癌成分紫杉醇后,国内外学者对其研究越来越关注。为了对榧属植物进行系统研究,我们对长叶榧叶挥发油成分进行GC-MS分析,并对该挥发油进行了抗细菌和抗真菌的体外实验。
1 材料和方法
1.1 挥发油的GC-MS分析
1.1.1 材料 1996年5月采自浙江省仙居县,经鉴定为红豆杉科植物长叶榧的叶。
, 百拇医药
1.1.2 提取挥发油 按《中国药典》(1995年版)附录挥发油测定项进行,水蒸气蒸馏而得,挥发油得率为3.00 ml/kg。
1.1.3 测定仪器及条件 仪器:Finnigan MAT ITD 800 GC/MS/DS。GC条件:HP-5MS石英毛细管柱(30 m×0.25 mm),进样口温度260℃,柱温150℃(3 min)~250℃(10 min),升温速度4℃/min,载气压力0.25 MPa,进样量0.1 μl。MS条件:电离方式EI,电离电压70 eV,灯丝电流80 μA,倍增器电压2 200 V,离子焰温度220℃,传输线温度230℃。
1.1.4 数据处理及联机检索 用气质联用仪计算机的NBS谱库自动检索各组分的质谱数据,参考有关标准图谱对机检结果进行核对和补充检索,经色谱峰面积归一化法计算,得出各组分的质量分数。
1.2 挥发油的体外抗细菌和抗真菌实验
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1.2.1 受试样品 取长叶榧叶挥发油,加2倍量吐温-80,搅匀,加蒸馏水稀释成2%的溶液。
1.2.2 受试菌株 金黄色葡萄球菌(Staphylococci aureus)、大肠杆菌(Escherichia coli)、绿脓杆菌(Pseudomonas aeruginosa)、淋病奈瑟菌(Neisseria gonorrhoeae)、白色念珠菌(Candida albicans)、热带假丝酵母(Candida tropicalis)和酿酒酵母(Saccharomyces cerevisiae)。
1.2.3 受试条件[7] 细菌用水解酪蛋白液体培养基(淋病奈瑟菌用淋病液体培养基), 真菌用改良沙保培养基。细菌在35℃孵箱培养18~24 h,真菌在37℃孵箱培养72 h。
1.2.4 接种物的准备 取已分纯的上述菌株数个菌落分别移种于上述培养基,孵育4~6 h,校正菌液的浓度,使其相当于0.5麦氏管的混浊度,再稀释1∶200后备用。
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1.2.5 抗菌实验方法 排列试管10支,除第1管外,每管加入培养基1 ml。先吸取药物原液5.12 ml加入培养基4.88 ml,混匀,第1管和第2管中分别加入1 ml。第2管经混匀后吸出1 ml,加入第3管中,依次类推至第10管后,吸出1 ml弃去。另设对照管仅含培养基1 ml。将已校正浓度的待检菌悬液加入各含药管内,每管0.05 ml,混匀。各试管置孵箱过夜后观察结果(淋病奈瑟菌试管置于有10%CO2环境中培养)。抗菌实验重复3次。
2 结 果
2.1 挥发油成分的GC-MS分析 从长叶榧叶的挥发油中分离到64个GC峰,已鉴定出54个成分(见表1),其中含量较高的有γ-荜澄茄烯(γ-cadinene,16.233%)、石竹烯(caryophyllene,13.270%)、罗勒烯(ocimene,8.410%)、反式-β-法呢烯(trans-β-farnesene,6.052%)等。
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2.2 挥发油的抗细菌和抗真菌作用 长叶榧叶挥
表 1 长叶榧叶挥发油成分
Tab 1 Constituents of the essential oil in the leaves of Torreya jackii No.
Constituent
Formula
Mr
Content(%)
1
3-carene
C10H16
, 百拇医药
136
0.056
2
ocimene
C10H16
136
8.410
3
1,5-dimethyl-6-methylene-
C10H16
136
, 百拇医药
0.207
spiro[2,4] heptane
4
unidentified
0.068
5
4-methylene-1-(1-methyl-
C10H16
136
0.340
ethyl)-cyclohexene
, http://www.100md.com
6
1-methylene-4-(1-methylethyl)-
C10H16
136
2.481
cyclohexene
7
methyl-(1-methylethyl)-benzene
C10H14
134
, http://www.100md.com 0.125
8
1-methyl-4-(1-methylethenyl)-
C10H16
136
0.479
cyclohexene
9
1,1-dimethyl-2-(3-methyl-1,3-
C10H16
136
, 百拇医药
0.558
butadienyl)-cyclopropane
10
3,7-dimethyl-1,3,7-octatriene
C10H16
136
0.578
11
3-methyl-6-(1-methylidene)-
C10H16
, 百拇医药
136
0.222
cyclohexene
12
2-methyl-6-methylene-1,7-
C10H14O
150
0.156
octadien-3-one
13
unidentified
, 百拇医药
0.071
14
6,6-dimethyl-2-methylene-
C10H16O
152
0.090
bicyclo[3,1,1]heptan-3-ol
15
unidentified
0.198
16
, http://www.100md.com
4-methyl-1-(1-methylethyl)-
C10H18O
154
0.167
3-cyclohexene-1-ol
17
1-(methylphenyl)-ethenone
C 9H10O
134
0.099
, 百拇医药
18
α,α,4-trimethyl-3-cyclo-
C10H18O
154
0.289
hexene-1-methanol
19
6,6-dimethyl-bicyclo[3,1,1]
C10H14O
150
, 百拇医药 0.109
hept-2-ene-2-carboxaldehyde
20
2-dodecenal
C12H22O
182
0.262
21
4-(2,6,6-trimethyl-2-cyclo-
C13H20O
192
, 百拇医药
1.206
hexen-1-ylidene)-2-butanone
22
4,11,11-trimethyl-8-methylene-
C15H24
204
0.171
bicyclo[7,2,0]undec-4-ene
23
α-cubebene
C15H24
, 百拇医药
204
0.179
No.
Constituent
Formula
Mr
Content(%)
24
copane
C15H24
204
0.237
, 百拇医药
25
β-cubebene
C15H24
204
0.362
26
1,5,α-trimethyl-1,5,α-
C15H24
204
0.882
cyclododecatriene
, 百拇医药
27
unidentified
0.114
28
[S-(R*,S*)]-5-(1,5-
C15H24
204
0.223
dimethyl-4-hexenyl)-2-methyl-
1,3-cyclohexadiene
, http://www.100md.com
29
(1α,4aα,8aα)-1,2,3,4,4a,5,6,8a-
C15H24
204
0.330
octahydro-7-methyl-4-methylene-
1-(1-methlethyl)-naphthalene
30
caryophyllene
C15H24
, http://www.100md.com
204
13.27
31
[1aR-(1aα,7α,7aα,7bα)]-1a,2,C15H24
204
1.038
3,5,6,7,7a,7b-octahydro-1,1,7,7a-tetramethyl-1H-cyclo-
propa[a]naphthalene
32
(1aα,3aα,7bα)-1a,2,3,3a,4,5,7a,C15H24
, http://www.100md.com
204
0.915
7b-octahydro-1,1,3a,7-tetra-
methyl-1H-cyclopropa-
[a]naphthalene
33
unidentified
0.772
34
trans-β-farnesene
C15H24
, 百拇医药
204
6.052
35
(1α,4aα,8aβ)-1,2,3,4,4a,5,6,8a-
C15H24
204
3.198
octahytro-7-methyl-4-methylene-
1-(1-methylethyl)-naphthalene
36
γ-cadinene
, http://www.100md.com
C15H24
204
16.233
37
(R)-2,4a,5,6,7,8,-hexahydro-
C15H24
204
4.640
3,5,5,9-tetramethyl-1H-
benzocycloheptene
, 百拇医药 38
4-phenyl-bicyclo[2,2,2]octan-1-ol
C14H18O
202
1.923
39
2,6-dimethyl-6-(4-methyl-3-pen-
C15H24
204
1.046
tenyl)-bicyclo[3,1,1]hept-2-ene
, http://www.100md.com
40
(1α,4aβ,8aα)-1,2,3,4,4a,5,6,C15H24
204
1.944
8a-octahydro-7-methyl-4-methy-
lene-(1-methylethyl)-naphthalene
41
(1S-cis)-1,2,3,5,6,8a-hexahy-
C15H24
, http://www.100md.com
204
4.526
(续表) No.
Constituent
Formula
Mr
Content(%)
dro-4,7-dimethyl-1-(1-methyl-
ethyl)-naphthalene
42
(E)-4-hexadecen-6-yne
, http://www.100md.com
C16H28
220
0.633
43
3,7,11-trimethyl-1,6,10-
C15H26O
222
1.152
dodecatrien-3-ol
44
(Z)-3-hexen-1-ol benzoate
, 百拇医药
C13H16O2
204
0.667
45
[4R-(4α,4aα,6β)]-4,4a,5,6,7,C15H22O
218
3.404
8-hexahydro-4,4a-dimethyl-6-
(1-methylethenyl)-2(3H)-
naphthalenone
, 百拇医药
46
[4R-(4α,4aβ,6β)]-4,4a,5,6,7,C15H22O
218
2.702
8-hexahydro-4,4a-dimethyl-6-
(1-methy-lethenyl)-2(3H)-
naphthalenone
47
(E,E)-3,7,11-trimethyl-2,6,C15H26O
, 百拇医药
222
0.834
10-dodecatrien-1-ol
48
(Z)-4-hexadecen-6-yne
C16H28
220
1.707
49
unidentified
1.322
, 百拇医药 50
levomenol
C15H26O
222
2.013
51
unidentified
2.980
52
hexadecanal
C16H32O
, http://www.100md.com 240
1.516
No.
Constituent
Formula
Mr
Content(%)
53
(E,E)-3,7,11-trimethyl-
C15H24O
220
, 百拇医药 2.799
2,6,10-dodecatrienal
54
(Z,E)-3,7,11-trimethyl-2,6,C15H24O
220
0.348
10-dodecatrienal
55
unidentified
0.307
56
, http://www.100md.com
benzoic acid phenyl methyl ester
C14H12O2
212
0.448
57
3-(dodecyl)dihydro-2,5-
C16H26O3
266
0.288
furandione
, http://www.100md.com
58
hexadecanoic acid
C16H32O2
256
0.973
59
1-chloro-7-heptadecene
C17H33C
272.5
0.219
60
, http://www.100md.com
[4aS-(4aα,5α,4aβ)-decahydro-
C20H32
272
0.529
1,1,4a-trimethyl-6-methylene-
5-(3-methylene-4-pentenyl)-
naphthalene
61
unidentified
0.237
, 百拇医药
62
(E)-9-eicosene
C20H40
280
0.210
63
unidentified
0.238
64
[1S-(1α,4aα,5α,8αβ)]-decahydro-
C20H34O2
, 百拇医药
220
0.214
5-(5-hydroxy-3-methyl-3-penten-
yl)-1,4a-dimethyl-6-methylene-
1-naphthalene methanol
发油对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、 绿脓杆菌、淋病奈瑟菌、白色念珠菌、热带假丝酵母和酿酒酵母的最低抑菌质量浓度(MIC)分别为1.25,1.25,2.50,0.63,5.00,2.50,5.00 g/L。
3 讨 论
长叶榧为红豆杉科榧属植物,该属植物均含挥发油,具芳香气味,不为虫菌所害[8],其木材入土而不腐。我们对长叶榧叶的挥发油成分进行了GC-MS分析,从中分离到64个GC峰,鉴定出54种成分,为该药用植物的系统研究积累了资料。
, 百拇医药
对长叶榧叶挥发油进行的体外抗细菌和抗真菌实验结果表明,其挥发油对医院常见致病菌有较强的抑制作用。该挥发油对不同菌种的抑制强度依次为:淋病奈瑟菌>金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌>绿脓杆菌、热带假丝酵母>白色念珠菌、酿酒酵母。
致谢 复旦大学中心实验室胡耀铭老师协助GC-MS测定,特致谢意!
参 考 文 献
1 中国科学院中国植物志编缉委员会.中国植物志(第7卷).北京: 科学出版社,1978.464~467
2 倪 峰,王碧英,郑光中.长叶榧药理作用的研究.福建中医药,1989,20(3):18
3 陈仁通,潘丽卿,林 温,等.长叶榧化学成分的研究( Ⅰ).中药通报,1982,7(6):31
, 百拇医药
4 陈仁通,潘丽卿,高 凌,等.长叶榧化学成分的研究(Ⅱ).中药通报,1985,10(4):32
5 陈仁通,方圣鼎.长叶榧化学成分的研究(Ⅲ).长叶榧醇的结构.中草药,1986,17(12):38
6 中国药材公司.中国中药资源志要.北京:科学出版社,1994.156
7 徐淑云,卞如濂,陈 修,等.药理实验方法学.北京: 人民卫生出版社,1991. 1385~1389
8 成俊卿,杨家驹,刘 鹏.中国木材志.北京: 中国林业出版社,1992.81~82
(1997-08-16收稿,1997-12-20修回), 百拇医药