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脑良恶性肿瘤患者血清锰超氧化物歧化酶的变化
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     作者:王占祥 章翔 费舟 张志文 付洛安 张剑宁

    单位:第四军医大学西京医院全军神经外科研究所,陕西 西安 710033

    关键词:脑膜瘤;星形细胞瘤;超氧化物歧化酶

    第四军医大学学报001037 摘 要:目的 探讨血清锰超氧化物歧化酶(Mn-SOD)与颅内良恶性肿瘤的关系. 方法 采用黄嘌呤氧化酶法测定50例脑肿瘤患者血清Mn-SOD活性,并做相关性分析. 结果 星形细胞瘤各组血清Mn-SOD活性均明显低于脑膜瘤组及正常对照组(P<0.01);星形细胞瘤Ⅲ,Ⅳ级组亦明显低于星形细胞瘤Ⅰ,Ⅱ级组(P<0.01);而脑膜瘤组与正常对照组间无显著性差异(P>0.05). 术后10 d星形细胞瘤各组血清Mn-SOD活性较术前明显升高(P<0.01),而脑膜瘤组较术前无明显改变. 复发性星形细胞瘤Mn-SOD水平较术后10 d明显下降(P<0.01),接近于术前水平. 结论 随脑肿瘤恶性程度的增加, 血清Mn-SOD活性降低; Mn-SOD可作为鉴别脑肿瘤良恶性的辅助指标, 并可为早期诊断复发提供帮助.
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    中图号:R392.31 文献标识码:A

    文章编号:1000-2790(2000)10-1286-02

    Alterations of serum Mn-SOD activity in patients with benign and malignant brain tumors

    WANG Zhan-Xiang, ZHANG Xiang, FEI Zhou, ZHANG Zhi-Wen, FU Luo-An, ZHANG Jian-Ning

    (Institute of Neurosurgery of Chinese PLA, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical Unversity, Xi'an 710033, China)
, 百拇医药
    Abstract:AIM To investigate the relationship between manganese superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD) and benign and malignant tumors of brain. METHODS Using the method of xanthine oxidase, we measured the activity of Mn-SOD in 50 speciments of human brain tumors and 10 normal brain control. RESULTS Mn-SOD activity of astrocytoma groups was much lower than that of meningioma and control groups, and of grade Ⅲ-Ⅳ astrocytoma it was lower than of grade Ⅰ-Ⅱ astrocytoma too. Mn-SOD activity of astrocytoma strongly increased 10 d after operation, whereas strongly decreased when tumors became recurrence. CONCLUSION There is a negative correlation between Mn-SOD activity and tumors of the brain; so, Mn-SOD might be of clinical significance in diagnosis and prognosis of brain tumors.
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    Keywords: meningioma; astrocytoma; superoxide dismutase

    0 引言

    超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)是超氧化自由基(O2 -)的特异性清除酶. 多系统恶性肿瘤患者血清锰超氧化物歧化酶(Mn-SOD)的活性降低[1,2]. 但脑肿瘤患者血清中 Mn-SOD活性水平,以及切除手术前后和复发情况下Mn-SOD活性变化规律尚未见报道. 我们测定50例脑瘤患者血清Mn-SOD的活性,并探讨了其与手术及复发的关系.

    1 材料和方法

    1.1 材料 脑肿瘤患者50(男27,女23)例,年龄9~70(平均42.8)岁. 其中星形细胞瘤Ⅰ级8例,Ⅱ级9例,Ⅲ级11例,Ⅳ级10例,脑膜瘤患者12例. 所有病例均为我院神经外科住院患者,术前未接受化疗和放疗,诊断均经术后病理证实. 正常对照组10(男5,女5)例,年龄18~50(平均 35.6)岁. 术前1 d,术后当天及术后10 d抽空腹血样送检.
, 百拇医药
    1.2 方法 采用黄嘌呤氧化酶法测定Mn-SOD活性[3]. 术后患者仅常规使用脱水剂及抗生素,未用影响测定Mn-SOD活性的药物.

    统计学处理: 结果用均数±标准差(±s)表示,Q值法行两两比较进行统计分析.

    2 结果

    2.1 良恶性程度与Mn-SOD活性关系 术前星形细胞瘤各组血清Mn-SOD活性较正常对照组及脑膜瘤组明显降低,星形细胞瘤Ⅲ,Ⅳ级组较Ⅰ,Ⅱ级组亦明显降低(P<0.05,Tab 1),而星形细胞瘤Ⅲ级与Ⅳ级组间,Ⅰ级与Ⅱ级组间,以及脑膜瘤与正常对照组间,Mn-SOD活性无明显差异(P>0.05). 结果提示,随脑肿瘤恶性程度增加,Mn-SOD活性降低. 两者成负相关.

    2.2 手术对Mn-SOD活性的影响 术后当天各组Mn-SOD活性较术前均无明显变化(P>0.05);术后10 d,星形细胞瘤各组较术前显著升高(P<0.01, Tab 2), 而脑膜瘤组较术前仍无明显变化.
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    表 1 脑肿瘤术前各组血清Mn-SOD活性

    Tab 1 Mn-SOD activity in brain tumor before operation in different groups

    (±s) Group

    n

    Mn-SOD

    activity

    A:Control

    10

    119±15b
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    A:Meningioma

    12

    109±13b

    B:Grade I astrocytoma

    8

    70±14a

    B:Grade Ⅱ astrocytoma

    9

    64±11a

    C:Grade Ⅲ astrocytoma

    11
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    51±11

    C:Grade Ⅳ astrocytoma

    10

    48±14

    aP<0.05 vs A C; bP<0.01 vs C.

    表 2 脑肿瘤术后当天与10 d各组Mn-SOD活性

    Tab 2 Mn-SOD activity in brain tumor in the same day and ten days after operation in different groups

    (±s) Group
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    n

    Operation

    day

    10 d after

    operation

    Meningioma

    12

    101±13

    107±11

    Grade Ⅰ astrocytoma

    8

    72±12
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    91±11b

    Grade Ⅱ astrocytoma

    9

    63±9

    98±9b

    Grade Ⅲ astrocytoma

    11

    50±11

    79±13b

    Grade Ⅳ astrocytoma

    10
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    50±10

    77±15b

    bP<0.01 vs before operation.

    2.3 术后复发与Mn-SOD活性变化的关系 随诊12 mo,14例患者复发,其中Ⅳ级8例,Ⅲ级5例,Ⅱ级1例,术后复发患者血清Mn-SOD活性较术前无显著性差异(P>0.05),较术后10 d显著降低(P<0.01, Tab 3). 结果提示,复发患者Mn-SOD活性再度降低.

    表3 各级星形细胞瘤术后复发与血清Mn-SOD活性

    Tab 3 Mn-SOD activity after operative recurrence in different grades astrocytoma
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    (±s) Astrocytoma

    Before

    operation

    Tenth day after

    operation

    Recurrence

    Grade Ⅱ

    60±10

    86±10

    65±9.2b
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    Grade Ⅲ

    50±9

    78±11

    51±10.3b

    Grade Ⅳ

    43±11

    75±10

    50±13.0b

    bP<0.01 vs 10 d after operation.

    3 讨论

    近年来,氧自由基与肿瘤的关系日益受到人们的重视,并形成肿瘤发生的“自由基中毒学说”[4,5]. SOD是超氧化自由基(O2)的特异性清除剂,其主要功能是保护细胞免受O2的损害. SOD减少或活性降低,特别是Mn-SOD活性降低,氧自由基可损伤关键性亚细胞结构,导致肿瘤发生[6,7]. 本结果表明,脑星形细胞瘤患者血清Mn-SOD活性明显低于脑膜瘤及正常组(P<0.01),随恶性程度增加,Mn-SOD活性呈下降趋势. 证实恶性星形细胞瘤体内O2异常增加,严重消耗或破坏了体内Mn-SOD防御体系,导致Mn-SOD活性下降,且恶性程度越高对Mn-SOD防御体系破坏越严重,Mn-SOD活性下降越明显[8,9]. 而脑膜瘤组与正常对照组比较无显著性差异(P>0.05),则可能是由于颅内良性肿瘤内自由基改变不大或者可能因其病程长、生长缓慢,SOD与体内自由基代谢处于动态平衡所致.
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    术后当天,各组脑瘤患者血清中Mn-SOD活性较术前无明显变化(P>0.05),说明手术本身并不能影响血清中Mn-SOD的活性. 术后10 d,星形细胞瘤患者血清Mn-SOD活性较术前明显升高(P<0.01),而脑膜瘤患者无此现象,进一步表明脑恶性瘤体的存在可抑制或抵消体内Mn-SOD的活性. 因此,对恶性患者及时有效的手术治疗,可抑制O2 -的产生,提高血清Mn-SOD活性,增强体内氧防御系统的功能,减少其对脑细胞的损害. 本资料还显示,术后复发患者血清Mn-SOD活性出现再度降低,明显低于术后10 d水平(P<0.01),而接近于术前水平,表明Mn-SOD活性改变与复发有关. 因此,星形细胞瘤术后定期复查Mn-SOD,有助于早期诊断肿瘤复发. 至于是否可以用外源性Mn-SOD来抑制肿瘤生长,有待进一步研究.

    作者简介:王占祥(1964-), 男(汉族), 吉林省扶余市人. 博士, 主治医师, 讲师. Tel.(029)3375328 Email. wangzx@fmmu.edu.cn
, 百拇医药
    参考文献:

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    [3] 谢林香, 曹秋林, 陈恬生et al. 超氧化物歧化酶测定新方法[J]. 中国药学杂志, 1992;27(3):157-161.
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    [7] Li JJ, Oberley LW. Overexpression of manganese-containing superoxide dismutase confers resistance to the cytotoxicity of tumor necrosis factor alpha and/or hyperthermia [J]. Cancer Res, 1997; 57(10): 1991-1998.

    [8] Liu R, Oberley TD, Oberley LW et al. Transfection and expression of MnSOD cDNA decreases tumor malignancy of human oral squamous carcinoma SCC-25 cells [J]. Hum Gene Ther, 1997; 8(5): 585-595.

    [9] Xu Y, Krishnan A, Wan XS et al. Mutations in the promoter reveal a cause for the reduced expression of the human manganese superoxide dismutase gene in cancer cells [J]. Oncogene, 1999; 18(1): 93-102.

    收稿日期:2000-06-10; 修回日期:2000-07-10, 百拇医药