122名初中工读学生情绪反应与表达的特点(1)
【摘 要】 目的:探讨初中工读生与普通初中生情绪反应、表达的不同特点。方法:运用自编中学生情绪评定问卷和修订的Spielberger状态-特质愤怒表达问卷对833名普通中学初中生和122名工读学校初中生进行测量研究。结果:(1)中学生情绪评定问卷的七个分问卷的α系数分别为:0.74、0.82、0.77、0.83、0.85、0.78、0.71,状态特质愤怒表达问卷的四个分问卷的α系数分别为:0.91、0.78、0.79、0.93。(2)初中女生的恐惧、悲伤感和愤怒、正性情绪表达、负性情绪表达评分显著高于男生 (3.7±0.9/2.9±0.9, F=73.77,P<0.001;4.3±0.8/3.6±1.1,F=29.93,P<0.001; 4.0±0.7/3.8±0.8, F=21.71,P<0.001;3.5±0.8/3.1±0.8, F=17.48,P<0.001)。(3)初中工读生的恐惧和愤怒、悲伤、愤怒控制评分显著低于普通学生(2.8±1.0/3.3±1.0, F=5.50,P<0.05; 3.5±1.2/4.1±1.0,F=3.85,P<0.05;2.1±0.6/2.5±0.7,F=25.55,P<0.001),而状态愤怒、特质愤怒、愤怒表达评分显著高于普通学生(2.4±1.0/1.9±0.8,F=28.82,P<0.001;2.5±0.7/2.1±0.6 ,F=25.13,P<0.001;2.3±0.6/1.9±0.6 ,F=32.86,P<0.001)。正性情绪表达的性别与组别的交互作用显著(F=6.07,P=0.011),具体为男生中工读学生的正性情绪表达评分低于普通学生(3.5±0.8/3.9±0.7,P=0.018)而女生中差别不显著。结论:初中工读学生的情绪反应与情绪表达,尤其是愤怒情绪反应与表达存在一定的缺陷。
, http://www.100md.com
【关键词】 情绪反应与表达;心理测量;工读学生;横断面研究
中图分类号:B844.2 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1000-6729(2008)003-0202-04
Emotional Reactivity, Emotional Expressivity of 122 Students in Correctional Schools
1WANG ZhenHong,2ZHANG MeiLing,3LIU Yan,et al
1 Department of Psychology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xian 710062;2 Sixth School of Beijing Jinsong;
3 Haidian Gongdu School of Beijing
, 百拇医药
【Abstract】 Objective: This study investigated the different characteristics of emotional reactivity and emotional expressivity of junior school students and students in correctional school. Methods:Selfrating questionnaire of middle school students' emotion and the statetrait anger expression inventory (Spielberger) administered to 833 students of general junior school and 122 students in correctional school (junior school). Results: (1)The Cronbach α of the seven subscales of Middle School Studonts Emotion Scale were 0.74~0.85;that of the four subscales of State Trait Anger Expression Inventory were 0.78-0.93.(2)The girls reported feeling ofhigher fear, sadness, positive and negative expressivity than boys(3.7±0.9,2.9±0.9, F=73.77,P<0.001;4.3±0.8,3.6±1.1,F=29.93,P<0.001; 4.0±0.7,3.8±0.8, F=21.71,P<0.001;3.5±0.8,3.1±0.8, F=17.48,P<0.001). (3) The main effect of different groups in feeling of fear, sadness, anger control, state anger, trait anger, anger expression was significant. The students in correctional school reported lower feeling of fear, sadness, anger control than normal students(2.8±1.0,3.3±1.0,F=5.50,P<0.05; 3.5±1.2,4.1±1.0,F=3.85,P<0.05;2.1±0.6,2.5±0.7,F=25.55,P<0.001). They reported higher state anger, trait anger, anger expression than normal students(2.4±1.0,1.9±0.8,F=28.82,P<0.001;2.5±0.7,2.1±0.6,F=25.13,P<0.001;2.3±0.6,1.9±0.6 ,F=32.86,P<0.001). Conclusion: The emotional expressivity and emotional reactivity of students in correctional school have deficit, especially in anger.
, http://www.100md.com
【Key words】 emotional reactivity and expressivity, psychological measurement, correctional school students; crosssectional study
情绪反应与表达是个体情绪系统的重要方面。情绪反应(emotional reactivity)是情绪刺激或情绪事件引起的个体的情绪主观感受、体验或生理唤醒水平,情绪体验或感受是情绪反应的核心成分[1,2],情绪表达(emotional expressivity)是指与情绪体验相联系的行为变化[3,4]。个体情绪反应与情绪表达的差异,会影响个体的社会适应。恰当的情绪反应、情绪表达是青少年社会化的重要方面,对于青少年的社会适应具有重要的意义,而不适当的情绪反应、情绪表达与青少年各种问题行为密切相关。Sukhodolsky [5]等研究了361名青少年罪犯和206名普通中学生的身体攻击与愤怒情绪的关系,结果表明,高水平的愤怒与高频次的身体攻击显著相关,青少年犯罪者比普通中学生报告了更高的愤怒情绪体验。研究也表明高身体攻击学生在挑衅性等情绪刺激情境下心率加速、具有更强的愤怒体验水平 [6,7]。工读学生是具有较为严重的攻击行为和其他许多不适应行为的学生,这些学生往往是由于打架斗殴、违反普通学校的校纪校规以及各种不良行为而被普通中学拒绝。已有的研究表明工读学生有许多认知的和性格的缺陷,如意义障碍、社会认知偏差、敌意性归因、冲动等[8,9]。工读学生在情绪反应与情绪表达方面与普通学生是否不同,工读学生是否存在情绪反应与情绪表达的缺陷,目前还缺乏这方面的研究。, 百拇医药(王振宏 张美玲 刘 燕 卢胜利)
, http://www.100md.com
【关键词】 情绪反应与表达;心理测量;工读学生;横断面研究
中图分类号:B844.2 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1000-6729(2008)003-0202-04
Emotional Reactivity, Emotional Expressivity of 122 Students in Correctional Schools
1WANG ZhenHong,2ZHANG MeiLing,3LIU Yan,et al
1 Department of Psychology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xian 710062;2 Sixth School of Beijing Jinsong;
3 Haidian Gongdu School of Beijing
, 百拇医药
【Abstract】 Objective: This study investigated the different characteristics of emotional reactivity and emotional expressivity of junior school students and students in correctional school. Methods:Selfrating questionnaire of middle school students' emotion and the statetrait anger expression inventory (Spielberger) administered to 833 students of general junior school and 122 students in correctional school (junior school). Results: (1)The Cronbach α of the seven subscales of Middle School Studonts Emotion Scale were 0.74~0.85;that of the four subscales of State Trait Anger Expression Inventory were 0.78-0.93.(2)The girls reported feeling ofhigher fear, sadness, positive and negative expressivity than boys(3.7±0.9,2.9±0.9, F=73.77,P<0.001;4.3±0.8,3.6±1.1,F=29.93,P<0.001; 4.0±0.7,3.8±0.8, F=21.71,P<0.001;3.5±0.8,3.1±0.8, F=17.48,P<0.001). (3) The main effect of different groups in feeling of fear, sadness, anger control, state anger, trait anger, anger expression was significant. The students in correctional school reported lower feeling of fear, sadness, anger control than normal students(2.8±1.0,3.3±1.0,F=5.50,P<0.05; 3.5±1.2,4.1±1.0,F=3.85,P<0.05;2.1±0.6,2.5±0.7,F=25.55,P<0.001). They reported higher state anger, trait anger, anger expression than normal students(2.4±1.0,1.9±0.8,F=28.82,P<0.001;2.5±0.7,2.1±0.6,F=25.13,P<0.001;2.3±0.6,1.9±0.6 ,F=32.86,P<0.001). Conclusion: The emotional expressivity and emotional reactivity of students in correctional school have deficit, especially in anger.
, http://www.100md.com
【Key words】 emotional reactivity and expressivity, psychological measurement, correctional school students; crosssectional study
情绪反应与表达是个体情绪系统的重要方面。情绪反应(emotional reactivity)是情绪刺激或情绪事件引起的个体的情绪主观感受、体验或生理唤醒水平,情绪体验或感受是情绪反应的核心成分[1,2],情绪表达(emotional expressivity)是指与情绪体验相联系的行为变化[3,4]。个体情绪反应与情绪表达的差异,会影响个体的社会适应。恰当的情绪反应、情绪表达是青少年社会化的重要方面,对于青少年的社会适应具有重要的意义,而不适当的情绪反应、情绪表达与青少年各种问题行为密切相关。Sukhodolsky [5]等研究了361名青少年罪犯和206名普通中学生的身体攻击与愤怒情绪的关系,结果表明,高水平的愤怒与高频次的身体攻击显著相关,青少年犯罪者比普通中学生报告了更高的愤怒情绪体验。研究也表明高身体攻击学生在挑衅性等情绪刺激情境下心率加速、具有更强的愤怒体验水平 [6,7]。工读学生是具有较为严重的攻击行为和其他许多不适应行为的学生,这些学生往往是由于打架斗殴、违反普通学校的校纪校规以及各种不良行为而被普通中学拒绝。已有的研究表明工读学生有许多认知的和性格的缺陷,如意义障碍、社会认知偏差、敌意性归因、冲动等[8,9]。工读学生在情绪反应与情绪表达方面与普通学生是否不同,工读学生是否存在情绪反应与情绪表达的缺陷,目前还缺乏这方面的研究。, 百拇医药(王振宏 张美玲 刘 燕 卢胜利)