国内心理健康服务从业者继续教育培训的需求现状及相关因素(1)
【摘 要】 目的:调查国内心理健康服务从业者继续教育培训需求的现状和相关因素。方法:用自编培训需求和影响因素问卷,按方便抽样法抽取国内29个省份1391名心理健康从业者,调查其培训需求现状和影响因素。结果:从业者继续教育培训的需求可概括为督导评估、相关知识和实践技能3类;从业者对实践(4.2±1.0)和技能(4.1±1.0)培训的需求最高。受教育程度低、工作时间短、参加知识培训多者,3类培训需求均高 [如,对督导评估培训的需求,大专(14.9±3.9),博士(13.1±3.9),P=0.006];女性对督导评估培训需求高于男性[(14.8±3.7)vs.(14.3±3.4),P=0.026],社会取向者对督导评估培训需求高于教育和临床取向者[(15.2±3.6)vs.(14.4±3.6),(14.4±3.6);P=0.018, 0.009];兼职、参加培训次数少、参加技能培训者对实践技能培训需求高[如,兼职(8.4±1.6),专职(8.1±1.8),P=0.010]。结论:国内心理健康从业者对实践技能培训的需求最高;其需求情况与性别、年龄、受教育程度、从业取向、从业长短、已参加培训次数及内容等因素有关,表现出层次性和偏好特点。
【关键词】 继续教育培训;心理健康服务从业者;需求现状;问卷调查;横断面研究
中图分类号:B84.4 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1000-6729(2009)011-0763-04
doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-6729.2009.11.002
Chinese Mental Health Practitioners' Demands on Continuing Education Training and Related Factors
CHEN MinYan1,CHEN Hong1@,QIAN MingYi2
1School of Psychology,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China
2Department of Psychology,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China
@ Corresponding author,Email:chenhg@swu.edu.cn
【Abstract】 Objective:To investigate the continuing education training demands and its related factors in mental health practitioners in China.Methods:The sample of 1391 mental health practitioners was collected from 29 provinces by convenient sampling with the selfmade questionnaire.Results:The practitioners had the highest demands for practice(4.2±1.0)and skill training(4.1±1.0).Their training demands could be summarized as three factors:supervision and evaluation,knowledge,practice and skill.The ones who had lower educational level,less work experience,or more knowledge training had more demands for these three kinds of training.For supervision and evaluation training,junior colleges had more demands than doctors [(14.9±3.9)vs.(13.1±3.9),P<0.05],females had more demands than males [(14.8±3.7)vs.(14.3±3.4),P<0.05],and the ones with social orientation had more demands than those with educational or clinical orientation [(15.2±3.6)vs.(14.4±3.6),(14.4±3.6);Ps<0.05].The ones who were parttime workers,trained less times,and skilltrained had more demands for skill training [e.g.part time workers:(8.4±1.6),full time workers :(8.1±1.8);P<0.05].Conclusion:The mental health practitioners have the highest demands for continuing training,especially practice and skill training.The related factors to their demands include gender,age,education level,occupation area and working time.
【Key words】 mental health practitioner;continuing education training;demand status;survey;crosssectional study
我国心理健康服务的专业培训起步于20世纪80年代中期,一个特点是从业者一边工作一边接受培训[1]。经过20多年的不断尝试和探索,现在呈现出纷繁复杂的局面,培训机构水平、培训质量和数量参差不齐,培训时间短、培训标准不具体等问题较突出。国内许多学者指出,培训不足是心理健康专业工作发展的一大缺陷[2],而英美等国家的培训却相对规范和成熟。美国对职业心理学家的培训包括学历教育、专业实践、继续教育培训几个方面。对于继续教育培训,美国大多数州强制要求职业心理学家每年要参加20小时或更多的学分培训,在职人员如果想进入职业心理学的专业领域必须接受正规的学历教育或培训,如硕士或博士教育(全职或半职),或参加某心理治疗学派的系统培训(非短期培训,通常要连续几年的培训,全职或半职)从而获得其资格认证,再从事相关的心理服务[3]。英国的所有培训课程标准都必须包含九大要素,即:入业政策、理论、技能、个性发展、职业发展、咨询实践、督导、测查、评估[4]。我国目前虽然有统一的培训教材,如以心理咨询师培训教材为例,包含基础心理学、发展心理学、社会心理学、心理测量等多科知识,但基本上属于心理学入门知识,与专业化、技能化训练相距甚远[5]。, http://www.100md.com
【关键词】 继续教育培训;心理健康服务从业者;需求现状;问卷调查;横断面研究
中图分类号:B84.4 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1000-6729(2009)011-0763-04
doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-6729.2009.11.002
Chinese Mental Health Practitioners' Demands on Continuing Education Training and Related Factors
CHEN MinYan1,CHEN Hong1@,QIAN MingYi2
1School of Psychology,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China
2Department of Psychology,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China
@ Corresponding author,Email:chenhg@swu.edu.cn
【Abstract】 Objective:To investigate the continuing education training demands and its related factors in mental health practitioners in China.Methods:The sample of 1391 mental health practitioners was collected from 29 provinces by convenient sampling with the selfmade questionnaire.Results:The practitioners had the highest demands for practice(4.2±1.0)and skill training(4.1±1.0).Their training demands could be summarized as three factors:supervision and evaluation,knowledge,practice and skill.The ones who had lower educational level,less work experience,or more knowledge training had more demands for these three kinds of training.For supervision and evaluation training,junior colleges had more demands than doctors [(14.9±3.9)vs.(13.1±3.9),P<0.05],females had more demands than males [(14.8±3.7)vs.(14.3±3.4),P<0.05],and the ones with social orientation had more demands than those with educational or clinical orientation [(15.2±3.6)vs.(14.4±3.6),(14.4±3.6);Ps<0.05].The ones who were parttime workers,trained less times,and skilltrained had more demands for skill training [e.g.part time workers:(8.4±1.6),full time workers :(8.1±1.8);P<0.05].Conclusion:The mental health practitioners have the highest demands for continuing training,especially practice and skill training.The related factors to their demands include gender,age,education level,occupation area and working time.
【Key words】 mental health practitioner;continuing education training;demand status;survey;crosssectional study
我国心理健康服务的专业培训起步于20世纪80年代中期,一个特点是从业者一边工作一边接受培训[1]。经过20多年的不断尝试和探索,现在呈现出纷繁复杂的局面,培训机构水平、培训质量和数量参差不齐,培训时间短、培训标准不具体等问题较突出。国内许多学者指出,培训不足是心理健康专业工作发展的一大缺陷[2],而英美等国家的培训却相对规范和成熟。美国对职业心理学家的培训包括学历教育、专业实践、继续教育培训几个方面。对于继续教育培训,美国大多数州强制要求职业心理学家每年要参加20小时或更多的学分培训,在职人员如果想进入职业心理学的专业领域必须接受正规的学历教育或培训,如硕士或博士教育(全职或半职),或参加某心理治疗学派的系统培训(非短期培训,通常要连续几年的培训,全职或半职)从而获得其资格认证,再从事相关的心理服务[3]。英国的所有培训课程标准都必须包含九大要素,即:入业政策、理论、技能、个性发展、职业发展、咨询实践、督导、测查、评估[4]。我国目前虽然有统一的培训教材,如以心理咨询师培训教材为例,包含基础心理学、发展心理学、社会心理学、心理测量等多科知识,但基本上属于心理学入门知识,与专业化、技能化训练相距甚远[5]。, http://www.100md.com