广州市中学生亚健康状况及其影响因素分析(1)
【摘要】 目的 了解广州市中学生亚健康状况及其影响因素,为开展相关健康教育工作提供参考依据。方法 整群选取广州市城区完全中学1所,农村初中、高中各1所,共调查在校学生1 639名,以《青少年亚健康多维评定问卷》为调查工具,所得资料采用SPSS 15.0进行统计分析,主要统计方法有独立样本t检验、Logistic回归分析等。结果 学生亚健康状况高危检出率为10.9%,其中躯体亚健康高危检出率为13.4%,心理亚健康高危检出率为10.1%。女生、独生子女更易处于亚健康状态,15～16岁是亚健康的高发年龄段,城乡学生之间、高初中生之间亚健康状况检出率差异无统计学意义。与广州市中学生亚健康相关的危险因素主要包括性别、年龄、独生子女、小时候父亲的陪伴、学习压力、生活干扰、吃早餐的频率、每天睡眠时间、患重大疾病、性格内向、体型及朋友个数等。结论 广州市中学生亚健康问题较为突出。应积极采取有效措施,提高中学生的健康水平。
【关键词】 亚健康;精神卫生;因素分析,统计学;学生
, 百拇医药 【中图分类号】 G 479 R 179 【文献标识码】 A 【文章编号】 1000-9817(2010)05-0526-03
Prevalence of Sub-health and Influencing Factors Among Middle School Students in Guangzhou City/PENG Zi-wen, MAI Jin-cheng, HE Yan-chang, et al. The Health Center for Middle School Students and Primary School Students in Guangzhou, Guangzhou(510180), China.
【Abstract】 Objective To study the status of sub-health and the influencing factors among middle school students in Guangzhou city, and to provide evidence for the health education. Methods A cluster sample of 1 639, who were chosen from a rural senior high school and a junior middle school and a senior high school in city respectively, and they were tested by the multidimensional sub-health questionnaire of adolescents (MSQA). Data were analyzed by SPSS15.0 and conducted various statistic methods such as Independent-Samples t test and logistic regression analysis. Results The total high risk incidence of sub-health was 10.9%. The high risk incidence of physical sub-health was 13.4%, while psychological part was 10.1%. There were statistical significance in gender and single child, and 15 to 16 years old was the risk period of falling into sub-health, but no statistical significance between rural students and countryside students, and between senior high school students and middle school students. The risk factors to sub-health included gender, age, only-child, father's accompany in childhood, learning pressure, life disturbance, sleeping hours, breakfast frequency, serious illness, number of friends, perception on body weight and personality type. Conclusion The sub-health status is serious among middle school students in Guangzhou city. Effective interventions should be carried out to improve the students' health.
, 百拇医药
【Key words】 Sub-health;Mental health;Factor analysis,statistical;Students
亚健康是介于健康与疾病之间的第三状态。在这种状态下,机体没有出现器质性病变,而是以持续、反复发作的疲劳为主要症状表现,同时伴有躯体疼痛、睡眠障碍等一系列症状,称之为“亚健康”。随着生活水平的提高和以静代动生活方式的流行,青少年超重、肥胖、糖耐量异常等健康问题已经凸现;日益增加的升学就业压力,加上青少年应对能力和资源不足,给他们的心理和社会适应带来了新的问题。许多青少年虽无明显的疾病诊断,但是却过早的表现出活力降低、反应能力减弱、适应性减退等[1-4]。为了解广州市中学生亚健康状况及其影响因素,为开展相关的健康教育工作提供依据,笔者进行了此次调查。现将结果报道如下。
1 对象与方法
1.1 对象 选取广州市城区完全中学1所(指包含初中高中的学校),农村初中、高中各1所,整群选取全体高一、二年级和初一、二年级在校学生为调查对象进行问卷调查。共发放问卷1 639份,获得有效问卷1 601份,有效回收率为97.7%。其中男生729人(45.5%),女生872人(54.5%)。年龄为(14.9±1.8)岁,分为<13岁,13～14岁,15～16岁和≥17岁4个年龄段。城市学生1 230人(76.8%),农村学生371人(23.2%);初一学生397人(24.8%),初二学生381人(23.8%),高一学生411人(25.7%),高二学生412人(25.7%)。独生子女896人(56.0%)。
1.2 方法
1.2.1 问卷项目 采用安徽医科大学陶芳标等制订的《青少年亚健康多维评定问卷》为研究工具,该问卷包含躯体亚健康、心理亚健康2个领域。其中躯体亚健康包括躯体活力不足、生理功能低下和抵抗力下降3个维度,共32个条目;心理亚健康包括情绪问题、品行问题和社会适应困难3个维度,共39个条目。该量表的重测信度为0.868,问卷总分的Cronbach's α系数为0.958,分半信度为0.942;各维度与总分的相关系数为0.653～0.927,各条目与总分的相关系数为0.284～0.717[5]。, 百拇医药(彭子文,麦锦城,何燕嫦,邹煜伟,杨溶辉,陶芳标)
【关键词】 亚健康;精神卫生;因素分析,统计学;学生
, 百拇医药 【中图分类号】 G 479 R 179 【文献标识码】 A 【文章编号】 1000-9817(2010)05-0526-03
Prevalence of Sub-health and Influencing Factors Among Middle School Students in Guangzhou City/PENG Zi-wen, MAI Jin-cheng, HE Yan-chang, et al. The Health Center for Middle School Students and Primary School Students in Guangzhou, Guangzhou(510180), China.
【Abstract】 Objective To study the status of sub-health and the influencing factors among middle school students in Guangzhou city, and to provide evidence for the health education. Methods A cluster sample of 1 639, who were chosen from a rural senior high school and a junior middle school and a senior high school in city respectively, and they were tested by the multidimensional sub-health questionnaire of adolescents (MSQA). Data were analyzed by SPSS15.0 and conducted various statistic methods such as Independent-Samples t test and logistic regression analysis. Results The total high risk incidence of sub-health was 10.9%. The high risk incidence of physical sub-health was 13.4%, while psychological part was 10.1%. There were statistical significance in gender and single child, and 15 to 16 years old was the risk period of falling into sub-health, but no statistical significance between rural students and countryside students, and between senior high school students and middle school students. The risk factors to sub-health included gender, age, only-child, father's accompany in childhood, learning pressure, life disturbance, sleeping hours, breakfast frequency, serious illness, number of friends, perception on body weight and personality type. Conclusion The sub-health status is serious among middle school students in Guangzhou city. Effective interventions should be carried out to improve the students' health.
, 百拇医药
【Key words】 Sub-health;Mental health;Factor analysis,statistical;Students
亚健康是介于健康与疾病之间的第三状态。在这种状态下,机体没有出现器质性病变,而是以持续、反复发作的疲劳为主要症状表现,同时伴有躯体疼痛、睡眠障碍等一系列症状,称之为“亚健康”。随着生活水平的提高和以静代动生活方式的流行,青少年超重、肥胖、糖耐量异常等健康问题已经凸现;日益增加的升学就业压力,加上青少年应对能力和资源不足,给他们的心理和社会适应带来了新的问题。许多青少年虽无明显的疾病诊断,但是却过早的表现出活力降低、反应能力减弱、适应性减退等[1-4]。为了解广州市中学生亚健康状况及其影响因素,为开展相关的健康教育工作提供依据,笔者进行了此次调查。现将结果报道如下。
1 对象与方法
1.1 对象 选取广州市城区完全中学1所(指包含初中高中的学校),农村初中、高中各1所,整群选取全体高一、二年级和初一、二年级在校学生为调查对象进行问卷调查。共发放问卷1 639份,获得有效问卷1 601份,有效回收率为97.7%。其中男生729人(45.5%),女生872人(54.5%)。年龄为(14.9±1.8)岁,分为<13岁,13～14岁,15～16岁和≥17岁4个年龄段。城市学生1 230人(76.8%),农村学生371人(23.2%);初一学生397人(24.8%),初二学生381人(23.8%),高一学生411人(25.7%),高二学生412人(25.7%)。独生子女896人(56.0%)。
1.2 方法
1.2.1 问卷项目 采用安徽医科大学陶芳标等制订的《青少年亚健康多维评定问卷》为研究工具,该问卷包含躯体亚健康、心理亚健康2个领域。其中躯体亚健康包括躯体活力不足、生理功能低下和抵抗力下降3个维度,共32个条目;心理亚健康包括情绪问题、品行问题和社会适应困难3个维度,共39个条目。该量表的重测信度为0.868,问卷总分的Cronbach's α系数为0.958,分半信度为0.942;各维度与总分的相关系数为0.653～0.927,各条目与总分的相关系数为0.284～0.717[5]。, 百拇医药(彭子文,麦锦城,何燕嫦,邹煜伟,杨溶辉,陶芳标)