西安市青少年尝试吸烟行为与家庭因素的关系(1)
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【摘要】 目的 了解西安市在校青少年吸烟状况,探讨西安市青少年吸烟行为与其家庭等因素的关系,为预防和减少青少年吸烟行为的发生提供依据。方法 从西安市6个区分层抽取8所中学的初二、高一和高三年级学生1 028名进行自编问卷调查,分析家庭因素与青少年吸烟的关系。采取χ2检验、独立样本t检验和多因素Logistic 回归模型进行分析。结果 西安市青少年吸烟行为在年级和性别上差异有统计学意义;父母情感温暖与理解与青少年吸烟行为有负向关系;父母监控、父母严厉惩罚和拒绝否认与青少年尝试吸烟行为有正向关系;家庭结构、父母吸烟和其他家庭成员吸烟与青少年尝试吸烟行为有关。性别、父母吸烟、母亲拒绝否认、其他家庭成员吸烟、父亲情感温暖与理解对西安市青少年开始吸烟行为有预测作用。结论 青少年尝试吸烟行为与家庭中诸多因素有密切关系,营造良好的家庭环境、维护稳定的家庭结构和倡导科学的教养方式有利于预防和减少青少年吸烟行为。
【关键词】 吸烟;家庭特征;回归分析;青少年
【中图分类号】 R 163.1 G 479 【文献标识码】 A 【文章编号】 1000-9817(2010)08-0912-03
Relationships Between Adolescent Smoking Behavior and Family Factors in Xi' an/SUN Guo*, QIAN Yu-yan.* Educational Department of Shaanxi Educational College, Xi'an(710061), China
【Abstract】 Objective To understand the condition of adolescent smoking, and to probe the relationships between adolescent smoking behavior and family factors and to give base for the smoking cessation. MethodsA questionnaire survey was conducted on a stratified samples of 1 028 junior high students distributed in grade eight, grade ten and grade twelve of 6 districts in Xi'an. The data was analyzed by chi-square test, Independent-Samples t test and multi-regression. ResultsThere was statistical significant difference of adolescent smoking behavior among grade and sex. Parental warmth and understanding was negatively correlated to adolescent smoking, and parental control, punishment and refusing were positively correlated with adolescent attempting smoking. Family construction, parental smoking and other family number smoking were correlated with adolescent smoking. Sex, parental smoking, mother refusing, other family number smoking and father warmth and understanding were significant predictors on adolescent smoking behavior. ConclusionModifying parent style and improving family circumstance might be efficient intervention on adolescents' smoking behavior.
【Key words】 Smoking;Family characteristics;Regression analysis;Adolescent
青少年已成为世界上迅速增长的香烟消费群体。据2008国家卫生部统计,我国青少年尝试吸烟率和现在吸烟率逐年上升。目前,青少年尝试吸烟率为32.4%,其中男、女分别为44.1%和19.9%。2005年调查显示,在曾经吸过烟的男、女生中,13岁前吸完一整支烟的比例分别为66.8%和68.2%,与1998年调查结果相比,开始吸烟年龄越来越早[1]。青少年是国家的未来和希望,他们的吸烟行为值得关注。
一些研究指出,家庭对个人现在及未来与健康有关的行为(如酗酒、吸烟等)有很大影响[2-3]。目前,国内外学者都对家庭因素对青少年吸烟行为的影响有所关注,分别从家庭环境、父母关心等方面考察了家庭因素与青少年吸烟行为的影响,但由于文化背景与研究角度的不同,产生了不同的结论[4-7] ......
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