创伤对冬虫夏草菌寄主幼虫后续生长发育的影响(1)
[摘要]为明确创伤对幼虫后续生长发育的影响，采取人为对感菌幼虫和未感菌幼虫部位和程度一致的创伤，并在相同的饲养环境条件下饲养。结果表明，感菌幼虫创伤后越过冬天的成活率低于健康幼虫，但感菌幼虫无论创伤与否，其体重的变化都无显著性差异。未感菌幼虫创伤后的成活率都低于健康幼虫，但除灰黑色表皮幼虫创伤后不利于体重增加外，灰白色和灰红色表皮幼虫创伤后对幼虫体重的正常变化都无影响。综合上述研究结果可见，创伤不利于提高幼虫的成活率，但对幼虫体重的增加无显著性影响。上述研究结果为进一步改革寄主幼虫的人工饲养技术体系提供了理论依据。
[关键词]冬虫夏草;蝠蛾属;人工饲养;创伤;成活率
Effect of wound to growth of larva of host to Ophiocordyceps
sinensis during artificial breeding
, 百拇医药
LIU Fei*， ZHANG De-li， ZENG Wei， LI Li， LUO Qing-ming， TU Yong-qin， CHEN Shi-jiang， YIN Ding-hua
(Chongqing Academy of Chinese Materia Medica， Chongqing 400065， China)
[Abstract]To clear the effect of the wound to the growth of the larva of the host to the Ophiocordyceps sinensis， the wounds of same severity at the same position were made artificially to the larva and which were artificial fed at the same environment and condition. The results indicated that， over the winter， the survival rate of the wounded of the infection larva was lower than that of the healthy larva， but the weight had no significant difference between the wounded and the healthy larva. The survival rate of the wounded of the no infection larva was lower than that of the healthy larva， but except with black skin， the wounded larva with offwhite and dusty red had no influence on the variety of the weight. In summery， wound had no advantage to the survival rate， but had no influence to the weight. The result had provided theoretical basis to the reforming of the system of the artificial culture O. sinensis.
, http://www.100md.com
[Key words]Ophiocordyceps sinensis; Hepialus; artificial breeding; wound; survival rate
doi：10.4268/cjcmm20150209
冬虫夏草Ophiocordyceps sinensis (Berk.) Sacc.是一种名贵中药材，其性温味甘，具秘精益气、保肺益肾等功能[1]。由于市场巨大的需求和资源的严重匮乏，冬虫夏草的人工培殖已势在必行。冬虫夏草寄主昆虫的人工繁育是冬虫夏草规模化人工培殖的关键。寄主昆虫要经历蛹期、成虫期、卵期和幼虫期，其中幼虫期经历的时间最长，而幼虫在整个生长发育过程中会受到多种创伤，如被共同生活幼虫的咬伤、其他害虫的攻击伤害以及在饲养过程中人为误伤等等，特别是寄主幼虫个体逐渐长大后更容易形成各种创伤。为明确创伤对幼虫后续生长发育的影响，本研究在人为对幼虫创伤的前提下，比较创伤与正常幼虫生长发育的差异。
, http://www.100md.com
1材料
所用材料与室内规模化人工培殖冬虫夏草所用的材料相同。研究对象为贡嘎蝠蛾Hepialus gonggaensis Fu et Huang幼虫，尹定华研究员鉴定。
2方法
2.1感菌幼虫的创伤
选择感染冬虫夏草菌的活力较好的越冬幼虫，对幼虫进行程度和部位相对一致的创伤后放入原有的饲养基质内并按常规的方式添加饲料继续饲养，分别在2个月后、7个月(第2次越冬)后和9个月后进行成活率和体重的测量。整个研究设“健康”和“创伤”2个处理，统计时分别在处理后添加所在次数，如创伤幼虫在第3次统计时记作“创伤-3”。
2.2未感菌幼虫的创伤
将第1次越冬后的健康活泼幼虫根据表皮的颜色分类并进行体液镜检，比较体液的差异和不同表皮颜色的幼虫对创伤的耐受程度。体液镜检后的幼虫继续采用常规方式饲养，4个月后统计成活及生长发育情况。
2.3统计分析
试验结果采用SPSS[2]进行统计分析。
3结果与分析
3.1创伤对感菌幼虫的影响, 百拇医药(刘飞 张德利 曾纬 李黎 罗庆明 涂永勤 陈仕江 尹定华)
[关键词]冬虫夏草;蝠蛾属;人工饲养;创伤;成活率
Effect of wound to growth of larva of host to Ophiocordyceps
sinensis during artificial breeding
, 百拇医药
LIU Fei*， ZHANG De-li， ZENG Wei， LI Li， LUO Qing-ming， TU Yong-qin， CHEN Shi-jiang， YIN Ding-hua
(Chongqing Academy of Chinese Materia Medica， Chongqing 400065， China)
[Abstract]To clear the effect of the wound to the growth of the larva of the host to the Ophiocordyceps sinensis， the wounds of same severity at the same position were made artificially to the larva and which were artificial fed at the same environment and condition. The results indicated that， over the winter， the survival rate of the wounded of the infection larva was lower than that of the healthy larva， but the weight had no significant difference between the wounded and the healthy larva. The survival rate of the wounded of the no infection larva was lower than that of the healthy larva， but except with black skin， the wounded larva with offwhite and dusty red had no influence on the variety of the weight. In summery， wound had no advantage to the survival rate， but had no influence to the weight. The result had provided theoretical basis to the reforming of the system of the artificial culture O. sinensis.
, http://www.100md.com
[Key words]Ophiocordyceps sinensis; Hepialus; artificial breeding; wound; survival rate
doi：10.4268/cjcmm20150209
冬虫夏草Ophiocordyceps sinensis (Berk.) Sacc.是一种名贵中药材，其性温味甘，具秘精益气、保肺益肾等功能[1]。由于市场巨大的需求和资源的严重匮乏，冬虫夏草的人工培殖已势在必行。冬虫夏草寄主昆虫的人工繁育是冬虫夏草规模化人工培殖的关键。寄主昆虫要经历蛹期、成虫期、卵期和幼虫期，其中幼虫期经历的时间最长，而幼虫在整个生长发育过程中会受到多种创伤，如被共同生活幼虫的咬伤、其他害虫的攻击伤害以及在饲养过程中人为误伤等等，特别是寄主幼虫个体逐渐长大后更容易形成各种创伤。为明确创伤对幼虫后续生长发育的影响，本研究在人为对幼虫创伤的前提下，比较创伤与正常幼虫生长发育的差异。
, http://www.100md.com
1材料
所用材料与室内规模化人工培殖冬虫夏草所用的材料相同。研究对象为贡嘎蝠蛾Hepialus gonggaensis Fu et Huang幼虫，尹定华研究员鉴定。
2方法
2.1感菌幼虫的创伤
选择感染冬虫夏草菌的活力较好的越冬幼虫，对幼虫进行程度和部位相对一致的创伤后放入原有的饲养基质内并按常规的方式添加饲料继续饲养，分别在2个月后、7个月(第2次越冬)后和9个月后进行成活率和体重的测量。整个研究设“健康”和“创伤”2个处理，统计时分别在处理后添加所在次数，如创伤幼虫在第3次统计时记作“创伤-3”。
2.2未感菌幼虫的创伤
将第1次越冬后的健康活泼幼虫根据表皮的颜色分类并进行体液镜检，比较体液的差异和不同表皮颜色的幼虫对创伤的耐受程度。体液镜检后的幼虫继续采用常规方式饲养，4个月后统计成活及生长发育情况。
2.3统计分析
试验结果采用SPSS[2]进行统计分析。
3结果与分析
3.1创伤对感菌幼虫的影响, 百拇医药(刘飞 张德利 曾纬 李黎 罗庆明 涂永勤 陈仕江 尹定华)