丹参及其主要成分保肝作用的研究进展(1)
[摘要]丹参是临床最常用的中药之一,丹参的药效物质基础主要包括脂溶性的丹参酮类和水溶性的丹酚酸类。丹参具有“祛瘀止痛,活血通经,清心除烦”等传统功效。现代药理学研究表明,丹参及其主要成分具有保护心脑血管的作用。近来研究显示,丹参及其主要成分对四氯化碳、D-氨基半乳糖、醋氨酚、酒精等制备的肝损伤模型也具有明显的保护作用。该文对丹参的保肝作用及其机制进行系统总结与展望。
[关键词]丹参;肝脏保护作用;丹参提取物;丹参酮ⅡA;隐丹参酮;丹参素;丹酚酸A;丹酚酸B
Advance in studies on hepatoprotective effect of Salvia miltiorrhiza
and its main components
YUAN Yuan1, WU Qin1, SHI Jing-shan1, CHEN Xiu-ping2*
, 百拇医药
(1. Department of Pharmacology, Zunyi Medical College, Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of
Guizhou Province, Zunyi 563003, China;
2. State Key Laboratory of Quality Research for Traditional Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese
Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China)
[Abstract]Dried roots and rhizomes of Salvia miltiorrhiza(Danshen) are among the most commonly used traditional Chinese medicines in clinic. The material basis for its efficacy mainly includes hydrophobic tanshinones and hydrophilic salvianolic acids. The traditional effects of Danshen are ″removing stasis and relieving pain, activating blood to promote menstruation, clearing heart fire and tranquilization″. According to modern pharmacological studies, Danshen and its main components have cardiovascular and cerebrovascular protective effect. Recent studies showed that Danshen and its main components also demonstrated protective effects on liver injury models induced by carbon tetrachloride, D-galactosamine, acetaminophen and alcohol. In this paper, the hepatoprotective effect and mechanism of Danshen were summarized and studied.
, 百拇医药
[Key words]Salvia miltiorrhiza; hepatoprotective effect; extracts from S. miltiorrhiza; tanshinone ⅡA; cryptotanshinone; salvianolic acid A; salvianolic acid B
doi:10.4268/cjcmm20150404
肝脏是人体的最主要代谢器官,在营养物质的代谢、药物和毒物生物转化以及免疫防御等多方面具有重要作用。多种因素如化学性毒素、药物、病原微生物、酒精等可诱导肝脏损伤,引起脂肪肝、肝纤维化、肝硬化乃至肝癌等多种肝病。因此,筛选具有肝脏保护作用的药物具有重要的意义。中草药是保肝药物研发的重要源泉,其中水飞蓟中的水飞蓟素、穿心莲中的穿心莲内酯和新穿心莲内酯、胡黄连中的胡黄连苷和胡黄连糖苷、甘草中的甘草甜素[1]以及多种中药中的熊果酸和齐墩果酸[2]等在体内外均被证实具有较强的保肝作用。丹参是重要的传统中药,具有较强的抗炎、抗菌、抗氧化、抗肿瘤等活性[3],在国内被广泛应用于心脑血管疾病的治疗[4]。目前有不少研究显示丹参对多种肝损伤模型有明显的保护作用,提示其具有保肝药物研发的前景。
, 百拇医药
1丹参提取物的保肝作用
丹参提取物是丹参的水提或者醇提物,虽具较强的药理作用,但质量标准缺乏。药典使用丹酚酸B(salvianolic acid B,SalB) 和丹参酮ⅡA(tanshinone ⅡA,Tan ⅡA)控制丹参质量,水提物中多以丹酚酸类水溶性成分为主,而醇提物中多以丹参酮类脂溶性成分为主。有研究表明,黄芪和丹参复合提取物通过介导转化生长因子-β(transforming growth factor,TGF-β)/Smads蛋白(drosophila mothers against decapentaplegic protein,Smad)信号通路,尤其是通过调节Smad3的C端和连接区域的磷酸化抑制二乙基亚硝胺(diethylnitrosamine,DEN)诱导的大鼠肝癌进展[5]。人肝癌细胞HepG2细胞株体外实验也证实黄芪和丹参复合提取物可通过抑制1型纤溶酶原激活物抑制剂(plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1,PAI-1) mRNA转录抑制DEN诱导的肝癌进展[6]。丹参水提取物能够抑制HepG2细胞的增殖并引起细胞凋亡抗肝癌,这与B细胞淋巴瘤因子2(B cell lymphoma-2,Bcl-2)家族和半胱天冬酶(Caspases)-3和-9 通路的激活相关[7]。丹参提取物还可以有效预防黄曲霉素诱导的雄性F344大鼠肝癌发生[8]。, http://www.100md.com(袁媛 吴芹 石京山 陈修平)
[关键词]丹参;肝脏保护作用;丹参提取物;丹参酮ⅡA;隐丹参酮;丹参素;丹酚酸A;丹酚酸B
Advance in studies on hepatoprotective effect of Salvia miltiorrhiza
and its main components
YUAN Yuan1, WU Qin1, SHI Jing-shan1, CHEN Xiu-ping2*
, 百拇医药
(1. Department of Pharmacology, Zunyi Medical College, Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of
Guizhou Province, Zunyi 563003, China;
2. State Key Laboratory of Quality Research for Traditional Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese
Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China)
[Abstract]Dried roots and rhizomes of Salvia miltiorrhiza(Danshen) are among the most commonly used traditional Chinese medicines in clinic. The material basis for its efficacy mainly includes hydrophobic tanshinones and hydrophilic salvianolic acids. The traditional effects of Danshen are ″removing stasis and relieving pain, activating blood to promote menstruation, clearing heart fire and tranquilization″. According to modern pharmacological studies, Danshen and its main components have cardiovascular and cerebrovascular protective effect. Recent studies showed that Danshen and its main components also demonstrated protective effects on liver injury models induced by carbon tetrachloride, D-galactosamine, acetaminophen and alcohol. In this paper, the hepatoprotective effect and mechanism of Danshen were summarized and studied.
, 百拇医药
[Key words]Salvia miltiorrhiza; hepatoprotective effect; extracts from S. miltiorrhiza; tanshinone ⅡA; cryptotanshinone; salvianolic acid A; salvianolic acid B
doi:10.4268/cjcmm20150404
肝脏是人体的最主要代谢器官,在营养物质的代谢、药物和毒物生物转化以及免疫防御等多方面具有重要作用。多种因素如化学性毒素、药物、病原微生物、酒精等可诱导肝脏损伤,引起脂肪肝、肝纤维化、肝硬化乃至肝癌等多种肝病。因此,筛选具有肝脏保护作用的药物具有重要的意义。中草药是保肝药物研发的重要源泉,其中水飞蓟中的水飞蓟素、穿心莲中的穿心莲内酯和新穿心莲内酯、胡黄连中的胡黄连苷和胡黄连糖苷、甘草中的甘草甜素[1]以及多种中药中的熊果酸和齐墩果酸[2]等在体内外均被证实具有较强的保肝作用。丹参是重要的传统中药,具有较强的抗炎、抗菌、抗氧化、抗肿瘤等活性[3],在国内被广泛应用于心脑血管疾病的治疗[4]。目前有不少研究显示丹参对多种肝损伤模型有明显的保护作用,提示其具有保肝药物研发的前景。
, 百拇医药
1丹参提取物的保肝作用
丹参提取物是丹参的水提或者醇提物,虽具较强的药理作用,但质量标准缺乏。药典使用丹酚酸B(salvianolic acid B,SalB) 和丹参酮ⅡA(tanshinone ⅡA,Tan ⅡA)控制丹参质量,水提物中多以丹酚酸类水溶性成分为主,而醇提物中多以丹参酮类脂溶性成分为主。有研究表明,黄芪和丹参复合提取物通过介导转化生长因子-β(transforming growth factor,TGF-β)/Smads蛋白(drosophila mothers against decapentaplegic protein,Smad)信号通路,尤其是通过调节Smad3的C端和连接区域的磷酸化抑制二乙基亚硝胺(diethylnitrosamine,DEN)诱导的大鼠肝癌进展[5]。人肝癌细胞HepG2细胞株体外实验也证实黄芪和丹参复合提取物可通过抑制1型纤溶酶原激活物抑制剂(plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1,PAI-1) mRNA转录抑制DEN诱导的肝癌进展[6]。丹参水提取物能够抑制HepG2细胞的增殖并引起细胞凋亡抗肝癌,这与B细胞淋巴瘤因子2(B cell lymphoma-2,Bcl-2)家族和半胱天冬酶(Caspases)-3和-9 通路的激活相关[7]。丹参提取物还可以有效预防黄曲霉素诱导的雄性F344大鼠肝癌发生[8]。, http://www.100md.com(袁媛 吴芹 石京山 陈修平)