不同蒸制时间对人参活性成分及其药代动力学行为与抗炎作用的影响研究(1)
[摘要]选用优质人参分别高压蒸制0,2,4,8 h后制备人参提取物,并利用HPLC研究人参蒸制前后的化学成分发生的变化;采用UFLCMS/MS多反应监测(MRM) 定量分析,以地高辛为内标物在负离子模式条件下,研究灌服不同蒸制时间的人参提取物的小鼠体内人参皂苷类成分的药代动力学行为差异;以及通过给灌胃人参提取物1周后的小鼠腹腔注射脂多糖(LPS),建立炎症模型,运用酶联免疫法检测炎症模型小鼠血浆中的肿瘤坏死因子α(TNFα)和白细胞介素1β (IL1β)的含量,探讨不同蒸制时间对人参发挥抗炎作用的影响。经测定灌服蒸制8 h的人参提取物可明显降低炎症模型小鼠血浆中的TNFα和IL1β含量。研究结果表明人参经蒸制后化学成分发生变化,入血成分相应改变,人参经蒸制8 h后有助于起到抗炎效果,为进一步揭示人参发挥抗炎作用的物质基础和量效关系提供实验依据。
[关键词]人参;蒸制;人参皂苷;TNFα;IL1β
[Abstract]HPLC analysis was performed to study the changes in chemical composition of ginseng extracts prepared from high quality ginseng with 0, 2, 4, 8 h of steamed times An UFLCMS/MS multiplereaction monitoring (MRM) quantitative analysis was made to investigate the pharmacokinetic behavior differences of ginsenosides in mice ig administered of ginseng extracts with different steamed times in the negative ion mode, with Digoxin as the internal standard substance The mice were injected with LPS to establish inflammation model after ig administration of ginseng for a week and the contents of tumor necrosis factorα (TNFα) and interleukin1β (IL1β) in mice plasma were detected by ELISA, in order to study on antiinflammatory effects of ginseng with different steamed times It was determined that levels of TNFα and IL1β were significantly decreased in inflammation model group ig administered of ginseng extracts with 8h of steamed time The results showed that the chemical components in ginseng changed after steaming and the components into the blood changed, correspondingly Ginseng with steamed 8 h contributes to antiinflammatory effects These results provided an experimental basis for revealing the active substance basis and doseeffect relationship of ginseng on antiinflammatory effect
[Key words]ginseng; steaming; ginsenoside; TNFα; IL1β
人参Panax ginseng CAMeyer为五加科多年生草本植物人参的根,素有“百草之王”的美称,是我国传统名贵中药,具有大补元气、固脱、生津、安神和益智的作用。人参经洗净烘干后为生晒参,经烘干蒸制加工后的为红参。传统中医学认为“红参偏热、生晒参偏凉”。现代药理学研究表明人参具有免疫调节、抗癌、抗脑缺血、治疗糖尿病、预防动脉粥样硬化和抗炎等药理学活性,经蒸制后抗癌活性会增加[12],抑菌作用减弱等[3]。
人参的主要活性成分为人参皂苷,人参皂苷由苷元和糖相连而成的糖苷类化合物,属于三萜类皂苷。人参皂苷按照苷元的结构不同分为3类:二醇型人参皂苷(PPD),主要有人参皂苷Rb1,Rb2,Rc,Rd,Rh2等;三醇型人参皂苷(PPT),主要有人参皂苷Re,Rf,Rg1,Rg2,Rh1等;齐墩果酸型人参皂苷,主要有人参皂苷Ro,Rh3,F4等。其中人参皂苷Rb1,Rd,Re等含量较高,而人参皂苷CK,Rg3,Rh1,Rh2等含量极少,在人工栽培的人参中基本不存在,为稀有人参皂苷。各种人参皂苷间的苷元、糖基的数目、种类以及糖苷键的位置存在差异,显示出的性质和药理活性也有较大差异[47]。例如,人参皂苷Rb1能够使细胞增殖,通过许旺细胞的蛋白激酶 A(PKA)通路,促进许旺细胞神经生长因子(NGF)和BDNF的表达和分泌[8];人参皂苷Rd可以减轻辐照引起的细胞凋亡程度,增加内源性脾脏菌落的形成[9];人参皂昔Rh2则有极强的抗肿瘤活性[1011]。本文首次研究不同蒸制时间对人参的主要活性成分及其药代动力学行为与抗炎活性变化的影响。
1材料
高压蒸气灭菌器(SANYO,日本);美国Waters e2695高效液相色谱系统,包括在线脱气机,自动进样器Prominence SIL20A,2998紫外可见光检测器和柱温箱CTO20A;Thermo三重四极杆液质联用仪(TSQ Vantage ,美国),Chromeleon软件;PMT49984 多功能酶标仪(美国BioTek公司);Sartorious Bp211D电子天平(德国Satrorius公司);VortexGenie 2涡旋振荡器(美国Scientific Industries公司);微量高速冷冻离心机(美国Thermo Scientific公司);SpeedVac离心浓缩仪(美国Thermo Scientific公司); (钱静 康安 狄留庆 狄亚维 李杰 刘廷)
[关键词]人参;蒸制;人参皂苷;TNFα;IL1β
[Abstract]HPLC analysis was performed to study the changes in chemical composition of ginseng extracts prepared from high quality ginseng with 0, 2, 4, 8 h of steamed times An UFLCMS/MS multiplereaction monitoring (MRM) quantitative analysis was made to investigate the pharmacokinetic behavior differences of ginsenosides in mice ig administered of ginseng extracts with different steamed times in the negative ion mode, with Digoxin as the internal standard substance The mice were injected with LPS to establish inflammation model after ig administration of ginseng for a week and the contents of tumor necrosis factorα (TNFα) and interleukin1β (IL1β) in mice plasma were detected by ELISA, in order to study on antiinflammatory effects of ginseng with different steamed times It was determined that levels of TNFα and IL1β were significantly decreased in inflammation model group ig administered of ginseng extracts with 8h of steamed time The results showed that the chemical components in ginseng changed after steaming and the components into the blood changed, correspondingly Ginseng with steamed 8 h contributes to antiinflammatory effects These results provided an experimental basis for revealing the active substance basis and doseeffect relationship of ginseng on antiinflammatory effect
[Key words]ginseng; steaming; ginsenoside; TNFα; IL1β
人参Panax ginseng CAMeyer为五加科多年生草本植物人参的根,素有“百草之王”的美称,是我国传统名贵中药,具有大补元气、固脱、生津、安神和益智的作用。人参经洗净烘干后为生晒参,经烘干蒸制加工后的为红参。传统中医学认为“红参偏热、生晒参偏凉”。现代药理学研究表明人参具有免疫调节、抗癌、抗脑缺血、治疗糖尿病、预防动脉粥样硬化和抗炎等药理学活性,经蒸制后抗癌活性会增加[12],抑菌作用减弱等[3]。
人参的主要活性成分为人参皂苷,人参皂苷由苷元和糖相连而成的糖苷类化合物,属于三萜类皂苷。人参皂苷按照苷元的结构不同分为3类:二醇型人参皂苷(PPD),主要有人参皂苷Rb1,Rb2,Rc,Rd,Rh2等;三醇型人参皂苷(PPT),主要有人参皂苷Re,Rf,Rg1,Rg2,Rh1等;齐墩果酸型人参皂苷,主要有人参皂苷Ro,Rh3,F4等。其中人参皂苷Rb1,Rd,Re等含量较高,而人参皂苷CK,Rg3,Rh1,Rh2等含量极少,在人工栽培的人参中基本不存在,为稀有人参皂苷。各种人参皂苷间的苷元、糖基的数目、种类以及糖苷键的位置存在差异,显示出的性质和药理活性也有较大差异[47]。例如,人参皂苷Rb1能够使细胞增殖,通过许旺细胞的蛋白激酶 A(PKA)通路,促进许旺细胞神经生长因子(NGF)和BDNF的表达和分泌[8];人参皂苷Rd可以减轻辐照引起的细胞凋亡程度,增加内源性脾脏菌落的形成[9];人参皂昔Rh2则有极强的抗肿瘤活性[1011]。本文首次研究不同蒸制时间对人参的主要活性成分及其药代动力学行为与抗炎活性变化的影响。
1材料
高压蒸气灭菌器(SANYO,日本);美国Waters e2695高效液相色谱系统,包括在线脱气机,自动进样器Prominence SIL20A,2998紫外可见光检测器和柱温箱CTO20A;Thermo三重四极杆液质联用仪(TSQ Vantage ,美国),Chromeleon软件;PMT49984 多功能酶标仪(美国BioTek公司);Sartorious Bp211D电子天平(德国Satrorius公司);VortexGenie 2涡旋振荡器(美国Scientific Industries公司);微量高速冷冻离心机(美国Thermo Scientific公司);SpeedVac离心浓缩仪(美国Thermo Scientific公司); (钱静 康安 狄留庆 狄亚维 李杰 刘廷)