防己的药理作用及临床应用研究进展(1)
[摘要] 防己，又名粉防己、汉防己，是我国传统常用中药之一，味苦、辛，性寒，具有祛风湿、止痹痛、利水消肿等功效，中医主要用于治疗风湿痹证、水肿、小便不利、脚气肿痛、湿疮肿毒等。防己的主要成分为双苄基异喹啉类生物碱，包括粉防己碱、防己诺林碱等，现代药理学研究发现防己及其主要成分在抗炎、抗病原微生物、抗肿瘤、抗高血压、抗心律失常、抗心肌缺血、抗纤维化、抗矽肺、抑制瘢痕等方面均具有广泛的药理活性，应用前景广阔。临床上常将防己与其他中药组方配伍应用，主要用于治疗类风湿关节炎、心血管疾病、肿瘤、高血压、肝腹水等疾病，取得较好疗效；常用的代表方剂有防己茯苓汤、防己黄芪汤、己椒苈黄丸、宣痹汤、复方汉防己颗粒等。该文对防己的药理作用及临床应用进行了综述，为中药防己的进一步开发利用提供参考。
[关键词] 防己； 药理作用； 临床应用； 类风湿关节炎； 心血管疾病； 肿瘤
[Abstract] Stephania Tetrandrae Radix is one of the common traditional Chinese medicines， which has bitter and pungent taste as well as cold properties. It can subside edema， get rid of rheumatism and relieve pain. Therefore， it is mainly used for the treatment of rheumatism arthralgia， edema， dysuria， athlete's foot， swollen wet sores and other diseases in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM). Stephania Tetrandrae Radix is mainly composed of dual-benzyl isoquinoline alkaloids， including tetrandrine， fangchinoline and so on. Modern pharmacology research shows that Stephania Tetrandrae Radix and its main components have a wide range of pharmacological activities in the anti-inflammatory， anti-pathogenic microorganisms， anti-tumor， anti-hypertensive， anti-arrhythmic， anti-myocardial ischemia， anti-fibrosis， anti-silicosis， inhibiting scar and other aspects， with broad application prospect. Stephania Tetrandrae Radix is often applied with compatibility of other Chinese medicines in clinically， and has achieved obvious effects in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis， cardiovascular disease， cancer， hypertension， liver ascites and other diseases. There are some representative prescriptions， such as Fangji Fuling decoction， Fangji huangqi decoction， Jijiao Lizhuang pill， Xuanbi decoction， and compound Hanfangji granule. In this paper， the pharmacological effects and clinical applications of Stephania Tetrandrae Radix in the past ten years were reviewed， providing reference for its further development and application.
, 百拇医药
[Keywords] Stephania Tetrandrae Radix； pharmacological effects； clinical application； rheumatism arthralgia； anti-inflammatory； rheumatoid arthritis； cardiovascular disease； tumor
防己，又名粉防己、漢防己，是传统的常用中药之一，始载于《神农本草经》，一直被作为祛风湿药使用。防己自古以来分为汉防己和木防己两大类，一般习惯所称的汉防己实际上是防己科的粉防己，而不是马兜铃科的汉中防己，商品木防己则为马兜铃科的广防己和汉中防己，有时也包括防己科的木防己。由于“马兜铃酸事件”的发生，广防己被禁用，2015年版《中国药典》也规定了防己的唯一来源：防己为防己科植物粉防己Stephania tetrandra S. Moore的干燥根。防己味苦、辛，性寒，能够利水消肿，祛风湿止痛，主要用于治疗风湿痹证、水肿、小便不利、脚气、湿疮肿毒等。现代研究发现，防己在治疗类风湿关节炎、心血管疾病、肿瘤、高血压、肝腹水等方面具有较好疗效。本文对防己的化学成分、药理作用及临床应用进行综述，为防己进一步的开发与应用提供依据。, 百拇医药(王蓉 马腾茂 刘飞 高慧琴)
[关键词] 防己； 药理作用； 临床应用； 类风湿关节炎； 心血管疾病； 肿瘤
[Abstract] Stephania Tetrandrae Radix is one of the common traditional Chinese medicines， which has bitter and pungent taste as well as cold properties. It can subside edema， get rid of rheumatism and relieve pain. Therefore， it is mainly used for the treatment of rheumatism arthralgia， edema， dysuria， athlete's foot， swollen wet sores and other diseases in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM). Stephania Tetrandrae Radix is mainly composed of dual-benzyl isoquinoline alkaloids， including tetrandrine， fangchinoline and so on. Modern pharmacology research shows that Stephania Tetrandrae Radix and its main components have a wide range of pharmacological activities in the anti-inflammatory， anti-pathogenic microorganisms， anti-tumor， anti-hypertensive， anti-arrhythmic， anti-myocardial ischemia， anti-fibrosis， anti-silicosis， inhibiting scar and other aspects， with broad application prospect. Stephania Tetrandrae Radix is often applied with compatibility of other Chinese medicines in clinically， and has achieved obvious effects in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis， cardiovascular disease， cancer， hypertension， liver ascites and other diseases. There are some representative prescriptions， such as Fangji Fuling decoction， Fangji huangqi decoction， Jijiao Lizhuang pill， Xuanbi decoction， and compound Hanfangji granule. In this paper， the pharmacological effects and clinical applications of Stephania Tetrandrae Radix in the past ten years were reviewed， providing reference for its further development and application.
, 百拇医药
[Keywords] Stephania Tetrandrae Radix； pharmacological effects； clinical application； rheumatism arthralgia； anti-inflammatory； rheumatoid arthritis； cardiovascular disease； tumor
防己，又名粉防己、漢防己，是传统的常用中药之一，始载于《神农本草经》，一直被作为祛风湿药使用。防己自古以来分为汉防己和木防己两大类，一般习惯所称的汉防己实际上是防己科的粉防己，而不是马兜铃科的汉中防己，商品木防己则为马兜铃科的广防己和汉中防己，有时也包括防己科的木防己。由于“马兜铃酸事件”的发生，广防己被禁用，2015年版《中国药典》也规定了防己的唯一来源：防己为防己科植物粉防己Stephania tetrandra S. Moore的干燥根。防己味苦、辛，性寒，能够利水消肿，祛风湿止痛，主要用于治疗风湿痹证、水肿、小便不利、脚气、湿疮肿毒等。现代研究发现，防己在治疗类风湿关节炎、心血管疾病、肿瘤、高血压、肝腹水等方面具有较好疗效。本文对防己的化学成分、药理作用及临床应用进行综述，为防己进一步的开发与应用提供依据。, 百拇医药(王蓉 马腾茂 刘飞 高慧琴)