家长课堂对降低东城区儿童肺炎和流感发病率及其经济效益的研究(1)
【摘要】 目的 分析家长课堂对降低东城区肺炎和流感发病率及其经济效益的效果。方法 选择2015年10月～2016年10月参加过家长课堂2400个家庭的3856例儿童设为实验组；将同期未参加过家长课堂的2400个家庭的3690例儿童设为对照组。对比两组肺炎、流感发生率和效益成本比。结果 实验组3856例中，1个月内发生流感137例，发生率为3.55%(137/3856)，发生肺炎28例，发生率为0.73%(28/3 856)。对照组3690例中，1个月内发生流感430例，发生率为11.65%(430/3 690)，发生肺炎54例，发生率为1.46%(54/3 690)。1个月内实验组肺炎和流感发生率明显低于对照组，差异有统计学意义(χ2分别为22.082和11.855，P均<0.01)。实验组直接医疗费用(88.16±20.18)元，间接费用(221.16±88.51)元，对照组直接医疗费用(425.56±121.46)元，间接费用(880.55±236.38)元，实验组医疗费用较少，差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。结论 家长课堂能够有效降低流感和肺炎发生率，减少医疗费用，值得推广。
【关键词】 家长课堂；儿童；流感；肺炎；疫苗接种；经济效益
中图分类号：R473.2 文献标识码：A DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1003-1383.2018.03.012
【Abstract】 Objective To analyze the effects of parents’ class on reducing the incidence of pneumonia and influenza and its economic benefits in Dongcheng District.Methods 3856 children from 2400 families who participated in parents’ class from October 2015 to October 2016 were selected as experimental group.In the same period，3690 children from 2400 families who did not participate in parents’ class were selected as control group.And then，the incidence of pneumonia，influenza and benefit-cost ratio between the two groups were compared.Results Among the 3856 cases in the experimental group，influenza occurred in 137 cases in 1 month，incidence rate was 3.55% (137/3856)，and pneumonia occurred in 28 cases，incidence rate was 0.73% (28/3856).In 3690 cases of the control group，influenza occurred in 430 cases in 1 month，the incidence rate was 11.65% (430/3690)，and pneumonia occurred in 54 cases，the incidence rate was 1.46%(54/3690).The incidence of pneumonia and influenza in the experimental group was significantly lower than that of the control group in one month，difference was statistically significant(χ2=22.082 and 11.855 respectively，all P<0.01).The direct medical cost of the experimental group was (88.16±20.18)yuan，indirect costs (221.16±88.51)yuan，and the direct medical cost of the control group was (425.56±121.46)yuan，indirect costs was (880.55±236.38)yuan，medical cost of the experimental group was less than that of the control group，difference was statistically significant(P<0.001).Conclusion Parents’ class can effectively reduce the incidence of influenza and pneumonia，reduce medical cost，which is worth promoting.
【Key words】 parents’ class；children；flu vaccine；pneumonia；vaccination；economic benefits
国家基本公共卫生服务项目是促进基本公共卫生服务逐步均等化的重要内容，是我国公共卫生领域的一项长期制度安排。实施国家基本公共卫生服务项目是新中国成立60多年来覆盖范围最大、受益人群最广的一项公共卫生干预策略，是政府以人为本、惠民利民的一项重大民生工程，是落实预防为主卫生工作方针的重大举措。国家基本公共卫生服务项目包括11项内容，有2项是健康教育和预防接种，家长课堂是其中健康教育和预防接种的一项重大举措。“预防接种知识”家长课堂，是医生把预防接种专业知识通过简化、提炼并结合家长经常遇到的问题进行精心设计的一堂通俗易懂的课程，由有着丰富临床经验的医生进行授課。但家长课堂的开展与肺炎发病率、流感发病率及相关的医疗成本降低是否相关尚不清楚[1]。本课题研究社区开展家长课堂与肺炎和流感发病率的相关性，建立家庭-社区卫生服务中心-预防接种门诊的疾病预防控制管理模式，在降低辖区内覆盖人群的肺炎和流感的发病率，节省家庭因流感和肺炎等疾病所带来的医疗成本等方面有重要的应用价值，具体报道如下。, 百拇医药(张玉环 胡海霞 张伟华)
【关键词】 家长课堂；儿童；流感；肺炎；疫苗接种；经济效益
中图分类号：R473.2 文献标识码：A DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1003-1383.2018.03.012
【Abstract】 Objective To analyze the effects of parents’ class on reducing the incidence of pneumonia and influenza and its economic benefits in Dongcheng District.Methods 3856 children from 2400 families who participated in parents’ class from October 2015 to October 2016 were selected as experimental group.In the same period，3690 children from 2400 families who did not participate in parents’ class were selected as control group.And then，the incidence of pneumonia，influenza and benefit-cost ratio between the two groups were compared.Results Among the 3856 cases in the experimental group，influenza occurred in 137 cases in 1 month，incidence rate was 3.55% (137/3856)，and pneumonia occurred in 28 cases，incidence rate was 0.73% (28/3856).In 3690 cases of the control group，influenza occurred in 430 cases in 1 month，the incidence rate was 11.65% (430/3690)，and pneumonia occurred in 54 cases，the incidence rate was 1.46%(54/3690).The incidence of pneumonia and influenza in the experimental group was significantly lower than that of the control group in one month，difference was statistically significant(χ2=22.082 and 11.855 respectively，all P<0.01).The direct medical cost of the experimental group was (88.16±20.18)yuan，indirect costs (221.16±88.51)yuan，and the direct medical cost of the control group was (425.56±121.46)yuan，indirect costs was (880.55±236.38)yuan，medical cost of the experimental group was less than that of the control group，difference was statistically significant(P<0.001).Conclusion Parents’ class can effectively reduce the incidence of influenza and pneumonia，reduce medical cost，which is worth promoting.
【Key words】 parents’ class；children；flu vaccine；pneumonia；vaccination；economic benefits
国家基本公共卫生服务项目是促进基本公共卫生服务逐步均等化的重要内容，是我国公共卫生领域的一项长期制度安排。实施国家基本公共卫生服务项目是新中国成立60多年来覆盖范围最大、受益人群最广的一项公共卫生干预策略，是政府以人为本、惠民利民的一项重大民生工程，是落实预防为主卫生工作方针的重大举措。国家基本公共卫生服务项目包括11项内容，有2项是健康教育和预防接种，家长课堂是其中健康教育和预防接种的一项重大举措。“预防接种知识”家长课堂，是医生把预防接种专业知识通过简化、提炼并结合家长经常遇到的问题进行精心设计的一堂通俗易懂的课程，由有着丰富临床经验的医生进行授課。但家长课堂的开展与肺炎发病率、流感发病率及相关的医疗成本降低是否相关尚不清楚[1]。本课题研究社区开展家长课堂与肺炎和流感发病率的相关性，建立家庭-社区卫生服务中心-预防接种门诊的疾病预防控制管理模式，在降低辖区内覆盖人群的肺炎和流感的发病率，节省家庭因流感和肺炎等疾病所带来的医疗成本等方面有重要的应用价值，具体报道如下。, 百拇医药(张玉环 胡海霞 张伟华)