摘要：脑水肿是一种组织病理学反应，由于脑是一种细胞密集型器官，细胞外间隙很少，仅及脑容积之5%，故脑水肿以细胞内水肿为主。近年来，各家致力于脑外伤、脑缺血后细胞分子水平的研究，对脑水肿机理有了更深一步的认识，提出了防治脑水肿的一些新观点，有利于指导今后临床实践。

    关键词：急性脑外伤；脑缺血脑水肿；发病机制

    Abstract: Brain edema is a pathological response, as the brain is a cell-intensive organ, very few extracellular space, and only 5% of brain volume, so the intracellular edema, cerebral edema to the main. In recent years, each dedicated to brain injury, cerebral ischemia cellular and molecular level research on the mechanism of cerebral edema with deeper understanding, prevention and treatment of cerebral edema presented some new ideas will help guide future clinical practice.

    Key words: acute ischemic brain injury pathogenesis of brain edema

    1脑内水液生理学

    (1)血浆-脑细胞外间隙平衡

    通常血与脑细胞外间隙之间水电解质的交换按starling假设进行：毛细血管壁容许电解质自由通过 ......