婚前保健影响因素及模式探讨(1)
(浙江省温州市鹿城区妇幼保健所, 浙江 温州325000)
【摘要】目的:通过问卷调查鹿城区婚育公民婚前保健相关问题,为政府部门制定普及婚前保健策略和措施提供科学依据。方法:采用分层整群抽样方法,各抽取300例参与和不参与婚前保健公民进行调查。统计学分析,组间计数资料比较用X2检验,多因素分析采用Logistic回归。结果:①单因素分析显示:婚前保健组和非婚前保健组共有22个因素存在显著性差异(P<0.05或P<0.01)。②多因素分析显示:“对婚检内容了解程度”和“婚前保健有利于双方健康认识”是影响婚育公民参与婚前保健最重要因素,OR值分别为4.731和322.957。③婚前保健已孕组和非婚前保健组出生缺陷率无显著性差异(X2=0.068,P>0.05)。?婚前保健未孕组和婚前保健已孕组出生缺陷率存在显著性差异(X2=4.002,P<0.05)结论:建议政府部门尽快出台相关政策,大力扶持婚前保健。婚健机构及操作模式应尽快完善,提升婚前保健率,降低出生儿缺陷率,提高人口素质。
【关键词】婚前保健出生缺陷影响因素模式
Discuss the impact factors on premarital health and its pattern
Zhou jiang-liu. Health center for women and children of Lucheng District. Wenzhou. (325000)
【Abstracts】:Objective:To provide a scientific basis on developing a reasonable strategy for popularizing premarital health by our government, we survey the relevant information of premarital health in the citizen of Lucheng District in marriage.Methods:Using stratified cluster sampling method,300 cases in each group were extracted from the citizens who participated in premarital health or not.The statistical analysis:the data within groups was analyzed with X2 test and logistic regression was used in the multivariate analysis.Results: The univariate analysis indicated that 22 factors were significant different between the group with premarital health and that without premarital health(P<0.05).The multivariate analysis indicated that“understanding content of the checkups”and “knowing the benefits of premarital health” were the most important factors which affected the activity to participate premarital health. The OR value were 4.731 and 322.957, respectively.Concerning the rate of birth defect, there was no significant difference between the pregnanted group with premarital health and the group without premarital health(X2=0.068,P>0.05).Whereas, there was significant difference in the rate of birth defect between pregnanted and non-pregnanted groups with premarital health(X2=4.002,P<0.05).Conclusion: To reduce the birth defect and improve population quality, the government should as soon as possible set a policy to support the execution of premarital health. In addition, the health institution for married women should improve the operation mode to increase the rate of premarital health.
【Key words】Premarital health;Birth defect;Affective factor;Mode
我国是世界上出生缺陷高发国家之一,每年出生缺陷婴儿至少有80～100万,即每30s就有一个出生缺陷的婴儿降生[1]。婚前保健是保障母婴健康,减少出生缺陷,提高出生人口素质的一级预防措施。专家指出,70%出生缺陷是可以通过婚前保健实现有效的预防和控制[2]。但婚前保健模式几经变革,目前婚前保健率仍处于低下状态。社会学者提出,婚前保健率低下的状况若长久持续下去,将对家庭、社会及母婴健康、出生人口素质产生非常严重影响[3]。因此,我们对本地区婚前保健情况进行调查。
1 资料与方法
1.1一般资料
采用分层整群抽样方法,在鹿城区东片、中片、西片3个城区,均衡不同职业的前提下,每个城区按照20～24周岁、25～29周岁、30～34周岁、35～39周岁、40～44周岁5个年龄段,每个年龄段抽取60例,共抽取300例参加婚前保健的居民作为调查对象,另抽取300名不参加婚前保健的居民作为对照。共发出调查问卷658份,回收658份,有效答卷600份,回收率和有效率分别为100%及91.19%。婚育公民疾病资料来自2008年7月—2009年12月,在我所进行婚前保健人群,共计2 886对,由信息科进行疾病分类登记。新生儿出生缺陷资料来自2008年7月—2009年12月,在我区接产医院住院分娩,孕28周～产后7 d孕产妇,出生缺陷由专职人员填写《出生缺陷登记表》并上报我所信息科。
1.2方法
调查问卷表整合相关专家研究成果并结合个人工作经验自行设计,通过专家咨询、预调查后修订而成,重测信度为0.86,内部一致性系数Cronbach′sα值为0.8453。为了确保调查方式的科学性和调查数据的真实性,调查表采用统一调查语,调查方式和填表要求遵循保密原则。, http://www.100md.com(周江流)
【摘要】目的:通过问卷调查鹿城区婚育公民婚前保健相关问题,为政府部门制定普及婚前保健策略和措施提供科学依据。方法:采用分层整群抽样方法,各抽取300例参与和不参与婚前保健公民进行调查。统计学分析,组间计数资料比较用X2检验,多因素分析采用Logistic回归。结果:①单因素分析显示:婚前保健组和非婚前保健组共有22个因素存在显著性差异(P<0.05或P<0.01)。②多因素分析显示:“对婚检内容了解程度”和“婚前保健有利于双方健康认识”是影响婚育公民参与婚前保健最重要因素,OR值分别为4.731和322.957。③婚前保健已孕组和非婚前保健组出生缺陷率无显著性差异(X2=0.068,P>0.05)。?婚前保健未孕组和婚前保健已孕组出生缺陷率存在显著性差异(X2=4.002,P<0.05)结论:建议政府部门尽快出台相关政策,大力扶持婚前保健。婚健机构及操作模式应尽快完善,提升婚前保健率,降低出生儿缺陷率,提高人口素质。
【关键词】婚前保健出生缺陷影响因素模式
Discuss the impact factors on premarital health and its pattern
Zhou jiang-liu. Health center for women and children of Lucheng District. Wenzhou. (325000)
【Abstracts】:Objective:To provide a scientific basis on developing a reasonable strategy for popularizing premarital health by our government, we survey the relevant information of premarital health in the citizen of Lucheng District in marriage.Methods:Using stratified cluster sampling method,300 cases in each group were extracted from the citizens who participated in premarital health or not.The statistical analysis:the data within groups was analyzed with X2 test and logistic regression was used in the multivariate analysis.Results: The univariate analysis indicated that 22 factors were significant different between the group with premarital health and that without premarital health(P<0.05).The multivariate analysis indicated that“understanding content of the checkups”and “knowing the benefits of premarital health” were the most important factors which affected the activity to participate premarital health. The OR value were 4.731 and 322.957, respectively.Concerning the rate of birth defect, there was no significant difference between the pregnanted group with premarital health and the group without premarital health(X2=0.068,P>0.05).Whereas, there was significant difference in the rate of birth defect between pregnanted and non-pregnanted groups with premarital health(X2=4.002,P<0.05).Conclusion: To reduce the birth defect and improve population quality, the government should as soon as possible set a policy to support the execution of premarital health. In addition, the health institution for married women should improve the operation mode to increase the rate of premarital health.
【Key words】Premarital health;Birth defect;Affective factor;Mode
我国是世界上出生缺陷高发国家之一,每年出生缺陷婴儿至少有80～100万,即每30s就有一个出生缺陷的婴儿降生[1]。婚前保健是保障母婴健康,减少出生缺陷,提高出生人口素质的一级预防措施。专家指出,70%出生缺陷是可以通过婚前保健实现有效的预防和控制[2]。但婚前保健模式几经变革,目前婚前保健率仍处于低下状态。社会学者提出,婚前保健率低下的状况若长久持续下去,将对家庭、社会及母婴健康、出生人口素质产生非常严重影响[3]。因此,我们对本地区婚前保健情况进行调查。
1 资料与方法
1.1一般资料
采用分层整群抽样方法,在鹿城区东片、中片、西片3个城区,均衡不同职业的前提下,每个城区按照20～24周岁、25～29周岁、30～34周岁、35～39周岁、40～44周岁5个年龄段,每个年龄段抽取60例,共抽取300例参加婚前保健的居民作为调查对象,另抽取300名不参加婚前保健的居民作为对照。共发出调查问卷658份,回收658份,有效答卷600份,回收率和有效率分别为100%及91.19%。婚育公民疾病资料来自2008年7月—2009年12月,在我所进行婚前保健人群,共计2 886对,由信息科进行疾病分类登记。新生儿出生缺陷资料来自2008年7月—2009年12月,在我区接产医院住院分娩,孕28周～产后7 d孕产妇,出生缺陷由专职人员填写《出生缺陷登记表》并上报我所信息科。
1.2方法
调查问卷表整合相关专家研究成果并结合个人工作经验自行设计,通过专家咨询、预调查后修订而成,重测信度为0.86,内部一致性系数Cronbach′sα值为0.8453。为了确保调查方式的科学性和调查数据的真实性,调查表采用统一调查语,调查方式和填表要求遵循保密原则。, http://www.100md.com(周江流)