青年急性心肌梗死的临床特征及护理干预策略研究(1)

http://www.100md.com 2018年2月15日 《健康大视野》 2018年第4期

     【摘 要】目的：探究青年急性心肌梗死的臨床特征及护理干预策略。方法：回顾分析本院心脑血管科2017.1-2018.1收治的急性心肌梗死患者82例，按照年龄将所有患者分为两组，青年组(年龄≤40岁)和老年组(年龄≥70岁)。观察对比组间临床特点、冠状动脉造影情况的差异，并分析临床特点与发病情况是否存在相关性。结果：观察组患者中存在大量吸烟、酗酒、典型胸痛、情绪激动和家族史的患者例数分别为32例、13例、11例、6例、17例，均比对照组多，存在统计学差异(P<0.05)；观察组患者在冠状动脉造影中表现为单支病变的例数为26例，多于对照组，存在统计学差异(P<0.05)；观察组患者置入单个支架的例数为23例，多于对照组，存在统计学差异(P<0.05)。组间尿激酶溶栓治疗患者例数相比，无统计学差异(P>0.05)。经Logistic相关性分析，大量吸烟、酗酒、典型胸痛、情绪激动、家族史与急性心肌梗死呈正相关。结论：护理人员应该根据青年急性心肌梗死患者的临床特征予以相应的护理措施，开展健康教育，健康患者生活方式，以改善预后，降低青年急性心肌梗死的复发几率和死亡率。
, 百拇医药
    【关键词】青年；急性心肌梗死；临床特征；护理干预策略

    Abstract Objective： To explore the clinical characteristics and nursing intervention strategies of young patients with acute myocardial infarction. Methods： 82 patients with acute myocardial infarction admitted to our department of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular department from January 2017 to January 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. according to their age， all patients were divided into two groups： the young group ( age ≤ 40 years ) and the elderly group ( age ≥ 70 years ). The clinical characteristics and coronary angiography were observed and compared between the two groups， and the correlation between clinical characteristics and the incidence was analyzed. Results： in the observation group， there were more cases of smoking， alcoholism， typical chest pain， hypertension and family history than in the control group ( p < 0.05 ). The number of patients in the observation group showed single branch lesions in coronary angiography was higher than that in the control group ( p < 0.05 ). The number of cases in the observation group was higher than that in the control group ( p < 0.05 ). Logistic correlation analysis showed that smoking， alcohol abuse， typical chest pain， hypertension and family history were positively correlated with acute myocardial infarction. Conclusion： nursing staff should take corresponding nursing measures according to the clinical characteristics of young patients with acute myocardial infarction， carry out health education， healthy lifestyle of patients， in order to improve the prognosis， reduce the recurrence rate and mortality rate of young patients with acute myocardial infarction.
, 百拇医药
    Key words： youth； Acute myocardial infarction； Clinical features； Nursing intervention strategy

    【中图分类号】R542.2 【文献标识码】A 【文章编号】1005-0019(2018)04--01

    前言

    急性心肌梗死是冠状动脉急性、持续性缺血缺氧导致的心肌坏死。临床多表现为胸骨疼痛，可并发心律失常及心力衰竭等疾病。如若病情严重，可危及生命。近年来我国急性心肌梗死发病率逐年上升，当前至少有200万病患。青年急性心肌梗死90%发病与30-40岁之间的男性，发病时表现为典型胸痛。临床治疗方式多为药物治疗和手术治疗，适当的护理模式可提高治疗效果，保证预后。为了增强护理工作的针对性，本文借助青年急性心肌梗死患者41例，根据其临床特征开展护理干预，取得了良好的效果，现报道如下。, 百拇医药(殷洁)

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