宜宾市3～6岁儿童看护人喂养知识态度行为调查及与儿童生长发育的相关性(1)
【摘 要】目的：调查宜宾市3～6岁儿童看护人喂养知识态度行为，分析其与儿童生长发育的关联性。方法：抽取2016年1月-2017年12月于宜宾市妇产儿童医院进行儿童保健的3～6岁儿童662人，用自设计问卷对看护人进行喂养知识态度行为调查，按国家标准方法进行体格测量和营养状况评价，分析看护人喂养知识态度行为与儿童生长发育的关联性。结果：看护人知识、态度和行为评分分别为4.7分、10.9分和2.0分，不同居住地、看护人和父母文化程度知识和行为评分差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)；儿童营养不良发生率8.3%，营养过剩发生率11.5%，其发生率有城乡差异(P<0.05)；看护人喂养知识和行为与儿童营养状况有关联性，其列联系数r分别为0.48和0.55(P<0.05)。结论：宜宾市3～6岁儿童营养不良和营养过剩问题比较突出，看护人喂养知识和行为较差，有必要加强喂养指导，促进儿童生长发育。
【关键词】 儿童；看护人；喂养；知识态度行为；生长发育
【中图分类号】R749.94
, 百拇医药
【文献标志码】A
【文章编号】1005-0019(2018)05-257-01
Abstract Objective：To investigate the feeding knowledge， attitude and practice of caregivers among children aged 3 to 6 years in Yibin， and analyze the relationshiPbetween KAPscore and growth and development of children.Methods： From January 2016 to December 2017， 662 children and their caregivers were selected randomly from Yibin maternity and child health care hospital to investigate feeding knowledge， attitude and practice by self-designed questionnaire， physical examination and nutritional assessment were executed according to national standard methods， finally the relationshiPbetween feeding KAPof caregivers and growth and development of children was analyzed.Results： The score of feeding knowledge， attitude and practice of caregivers were 4.7， 10.9 and 2.0 respectively， the difference of knowledge and practice was significant among different domicile， caregivers and education. The incidence of malnutrition and overnutrition was 8.3% and 11.5% respectively among 662 children with a significant difference of domicile(P<0.05). The relationshiPwas observed between feeding knowledge， practice of caregivers and growth and development of children with r 0.48 and 0.55 respectively(P<0.05). Conclusion： Malnutrition and overnutrition of children aged 3 to 6 years in Yibin is very prominent， and feeding knowledge and behavior of the caregivers are poor. It is necessary to strengthen the feeding guidance and promote the growth and development of children.
, http://www.100md.com
Key words： children； caregivers； feeding； knowledge-attitude-practice； growth and development
兒童生长发育与其营养状况密切相关，学龄前儿童营养不良主要表现为：发育迟缓、营养不足和肥胖等[1]，这些不良营养状态除了影响生长发育和智力水平，还可能导致成年后某些疾病的发病率增加[2，3]。造成儿童营养不良的主要原因是不科学的喂养方式和问题饮食行为[4]，而看护人对营养、喂养的知识和态度直接影响到其喂养行为[5]。本研究通过对宜宾市部分儿童看护人进行营养知识态度行为(Knowledge-Attitude-Practice，KAP)调查，并分析其与儿童生长发育的相关性，为指导儿童喂养和营养促进提供参考依据。
1 对象与方法
1.1 调查对象 随机选取2016年1月-2017年12月于宜宾市妇产儿童医院儿童保健科进行儿童保健的3～6岁儿童及看护人662人，其中男童338人，女童324人，平均年龄(4.4±1.5)岁。来自城市419人，农村243人；看护人(儿童的实际喂养者)为父母者296人，祖辈(爷爷奶奶外公外婆)者330人，其他(保姆等)36人；父母文化程度：初中及以下111人，高中及中专177人，大专及以上374人。, http://www.100md.com(代涌 黄小明)
【关键词】 儿童；看护人；喂养；知识态度行为；生长发育
【中图分类号】R749.94
, 百拇医药
【文献标志码】A
【文章编号】1005-0019(2018)05-257-01
Abstract Objective：To investigate the feeding knowledge， attitude and practice of caregivers among children aged 3 to 6 years in Yibin， and analyze the relationshiPbetween KAPscore and growth and development of children.Methods： From January 2016 to December 2017， 662 children and their caregivers were selected randomly from Yibin maternity and child health care hospital to investigate feeding knowledge， attitude and practice by self-designed questionnaire， physical examination and nutritional assessment were executed according to national standard methods， finally the relationshiPbetween feeding KAPof caregivers and growth and development of children was analyzed.Results： The score of feeding knowledge， attitude and practice of caregivers were 4.7， 10.9 and 2.0 respectively， the difference of knowledge and practice was significant among different domicile， caregivers and education. The incidence of malnutrition and overnutrition was 8.3% and 11.5% respectively among 662 children with a significant difference of domicile(P<0.05). The relationshiPwas observed between feeding knowledge， practice of caregivers and growth and development of children with r 0.48 and 0.55 respectively(P<0.05). Conclusion： Malnutrition and overnutrition of children aged 3 to 6 years in Yibin is very prominent， and feeding knowledge and behavior of the caregivers are poor. It is necessary to strengthen the feeding guidance and promote the growth and development of children.
, http://www.100md.com
Key words： children； caregivers； feeding； knowledge-attitude-practice； growth and development
兒童生长发育与其营养状况密切相关，学龄前儿童营养不良主要表现为：发育迟缓、营养不足和肥胖等[1]，这些不良营养状态除了影响生长发育和智力水平，还可能导致成年后某些疾病的发病率增加[2，3]。造成儿童营养不良的主要原因是不科学的喂养方式和问题饮食行为[4]，而看护人对营养、喂养的知识和态度直接影响到其喂养行为[5]。本研究通过对宜宾市部分儿童看护人进行营养知识态度行为(Knowledge-Attitude-Practice，KAP)调查，并分析其与儿童生长发育的相关性，为指导儿童喂养和营养促进提供参考依据。
1 对象与方法
1.1 调查对象 随机选取2016年1月-2017年12月于宜宾市妇产儿童医院儿童保健科进行儿童保健的3～6岁儿童及看护人662人，其中男童338人，女童324人，平均年龄(4.4±1.5)岁。来自城市419人，农村243人；看护人(儿童的实际喂养者)为父母者296人，祖辈(爷爷奶奶外公外婆)者330人，其他(保姆等)36人；父母文化程度：初中及以下111人，高中及中专177人，大专及以上374人。, http://www.100md.com(代涌 黄小明)
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