原发性肾病综合征患者常见并发症临床回顾研究(1)
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【摘要】目的 回顾原发性肾病综合征常见并发症的发生，为原发性NS并发症防治提供依据。方法 回顾性分析我院原发性NS病例250例，统计分析原发性NS合并感染、血栓或栓塞、急性肾功能衰竭、甲状腺功能低下等并发症的情况。结果 约43.8%的原发性NS患者合并感染，其中以呼吸道和泌尿系感染为主，分别占25.8%，13.4%；约8.5%的原发性NS患者合并血栓形成或栓塞，下肢静脉系统血栓形成占64%；约16.9%的原发性肾病综合征患者出现急性肾功能衰竭，其中有效血容量下降，肾灌注不足引起的患者约70%，可能为药物引起的占20%，新月体肾炎占5%；约34.2%的NS患者合并电解质紊乱，低钾、低钠、低氯分别为40%，23%，20%；约7.2%的原发性NS患者出现甲状腺功能低下，其中亚临床甲状腺功能减退症占79%。结论 原发性NS患者合并感染的发生率最高，其次为电解质紊乱，合并急性肾功能衰竭、血栓或栓塞、甲状腺功能低下等并不少见。临床中应警惕NS患者并发症的发生，是预防NS并发症的关键。
【关键词】肾病综合征 并发症 预防
中图分类号：R692文献标识码：B文章编号：1005-0515(2011)12-113-03
【Abstract】Objective Review of primary nephrotic syndrome of common complications, prevention and treatment of complications of primary NS provide a basis.Methods retrospective analysis of 250 cases of primary NS, statistical analysis of primary NS infection, thrombosis or embolism, acute renal failure, hypothyroidism and other complications.Results About 43.8% of primary NS patients complicated with infection, including respiratory and urinary tract infection, respectively 25.8%, 13.4%; approximately 8.5% of the primary NS patients complicated with thrombosis or embolism, venous system thrombosis accounted for 64%; about 16.9% of the patients with primary nephrotic syndrome of acute renal failure, in which the effective blood volume decreased, renal hypoperfusion caused about 70% patients, may be caused by drugs accounted for 20%, crescentic glomerulonephritis accounted for 5%; approximately 34.2% of NS patients with electrolyte disorder, low potassium, low sodium, low chlorine respectively 40%, 23%, 20%; approximately 7.2% of the primary NS occurs in patients with hypothyroidism, the subclinical hypothyroidism accounted for 79%.Conclusion Primary NS patients complicated with infection rate is highest, followed by the electrolyte disorders, acute renal failure, thrombosis or embolism, hypothyroidism, are not uncommon. Clinical should vigilant NS patients with complications, prevention of complications is the key of NS.
【Keywords】nephrotic syndrome complication prevention
原发性肾病综合征(NS)患者肾小球基底膜通透性增加，从而导致大量蛋白尿，严重低白蛋白血症，进而严重影响机体功能的临床症侯群。原发性肾小球病变中，肾病综合症占63.69%[1] ......
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