深圳市光明新区一起幼儿园手足口病暴发疫情流行病学调查(1)
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【摘要】目的:分析一起幼儿园手足口病暴发疫情的流行规律,探讨预防和控制幼儿园手足口病流行的措施。方法:应用描述性流行病学方法进行调查,并采集部分患儿肛拭子标本进行实验室检查,分离病原。结果:该幼儿园共发病54例,流行期46 天,主要集中在3 岁以下儿童,不同性别儿童的罹患率无显著差异,临床症状以手掌疱疹、口腔疱疹、足部疱疹为主。实验室检测出肠道病毒EV 71病毒株。结论:这是一起主要由EV 71 病毒引起的手足口病暴发,社区广泛感染可能是造成该园手足口病暴发的主要原因,加强宣传、规范就医和改善居住环境是控制我区手足口病流行的关键。
【关键词】 手足口病;暴发;调查
Epidemiological Investigation on An Outbreak of Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease in A Kindergarten in Shenzhen, Guangdong
Wang Guangli Liu Yi LuoSaohua Wang Tieqiang Zhan Jinji
【Abstract】 Objective To determine the epidemiological characteristics and influential factors of an outbreak of hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) in a kindergarten, and to provide scientific evidence for prevention and control of HFMD. Methods Descriptive and analysis epidemiological methods were used to investigate the case, and children's stool was collected to identify the pathogen. Results The number of infected children was 54, and the epidemic period was 46 days. The attack rate of children younger than three years old was noticeably higher than others and there is no noticeably difference between the male and the female. Hands, Mouth and feet herpes was the main clinical symptom. The outbreak pathogen was EV 71.Conclusions The extensive Community-acquired maybe the most important reason for the outbreak. The key points of controlling hand, foot and mouth disease in Guangming New District are strengthening public drumbeating,standardization hospitalize and improving the living circumstance.
【Key words】 Hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD); Outbreak; Investigation
【中图分类号】R88.1【文献标识码】B【文章编号】1005-0515(2010)009-0082-02
手足口病是以手、足皮肤疱疹和口腔黏膜溃疡为主要临床特征,由科萨奇病毒、EV 71等数种肠道病毒为病原的一种传染病,主要侵犯5岁以下儿童,托幼机构为本病的主要流行场所,每年5～7 月为其发病高峰。
2010 年3 月11 日至4 月26 日深圳市光明新区某幼儿园发生手足口暴发疫情,经临床、流行病学调查和病原学检测,证实是一起由肠道病毒71 型( EV 71) 引起的手足口病暴发,现将流行病学调查情况分析如下。
1 研究对象与方法
1.1 研究对象 深圳市光明新区某幼儿园手足口病患儿。
1.2 方法:应用描述性流行病学方法对调查资料进行统计分析,并采集部分患儿肛拭子标本进行实验室检查,分离病原。
2 结果
2.1 基本情况。该幼儿园位于公明办事处楼村社区,2006 年2 月开园,占地8000 多平方米,共3 层,为一民营托幼机构。全园共有17 个班级,其中小班4 个,中班6 个,大班4 个,大大班3 个。全园共有608 名儿童(男337 名,女271 名)。该幼儿园有食堂1 个。每个班级教室和睡室在同一间房,儿童吃饭由食堂把饭菜带到教室统一吃饭 ......
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