820例疗养员原发性高血压防治知识现状调查(1)
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【摘要】 目的 调查820例原发性高血压疗养员对防治知识的掌握程度，分析不同人群存在的问题，从而通过进行有针对性的健康宣教指导以提高疗养效果。方法 对2007-05—2009-05在我院疗养的38～92岁的疗养员发放问卷进行调查。结果随着年龄的增长，高血压患病率逐渐上升，其中70～79岁的老年疗养员高血压患病率最高。820名被调查对象的高血压患病率为45.6%，治疗率为83.2%，控制率为70.3%。60岁以下的疗养员高血压防治知识的知晓率及良好生活方式的比例均低于60岁以上的疗养员。其中服药时间、血压控制的理想水平、降压药的种类、血压平稳后是否需要终生服药等问题的知晓率较低。结论 要针对不同人群及高血压防治知识掌握的薄弱环节制定相应的个体化干预措施，有针对性地进行健康宣教指导。对60岁以下的疗养员以加强高血压相关防治知识宣教，养成良好行为方式为主；对60岁以上疗养员以针对薄弱环节进行健康教育，提高治疗依从性为主。
【关键词】 原发性高血压病；防治知识；调查
【Abstract】 Objective To investigation knowledge level of essential hypertension control in middle and old aged recuperators and analyze the existing problems of different groups of people，so as to improve convalescent effect through targeted health education.Methods Questionnaire were performed in recuperators aged 38 to 92 who were admitted to our sanitarium from May.2007 to May.2009.Results Prevalence rate of hypertension increased with age，which was the highest in elderly recuperators aged 70 to 79.Of 820 subjects，the prevalence rate was 45.6%；treatment rate 83.2% and control rate 70.3%.The awareness rate of hypertension and proportion of healthy lifestyle in recuperators aged over 60 were lower than those in recuperators aged under 60，especially in administration time，desired level of blood pressure，types of antihypertensive drugs，whether people had to take drugs for a lifetime after blood pressure was stable and other issues.Conclusion Individual intervention and health education should be taken targeting different groups of people and weak point in knowledge of hypertension control. For recuperators under the age of 60，measures should be enhanced mainly in education of hypertension-related knowledge and developing good behaviour.For recuperators aged over 60，mainly in targeting weak point in knowledge of hypertension and improving therapeutic compliance.
【key words】 Primary hypertension；Prevention knowledge；Survey
原发性高血压是心血管疾病最重要的危险因素之一。对≥40岁的17万人8年随访结果表明，位于总死亡危险因素第一位的是高血压[1]4，而中老年高血压患者的治疗率和控制率都很低[2]。研究表明，改善生活方式，提高人群预防高血压的自我保健能力，不仅可预防高血压，而且对治疗各级高血压都有非常重要的作用[3]。疗养员虽是一个较高层次的群体，但在高血压的防治知识方面还存在一些概念模糊的现象，通过调查，了解现状，有针对性地采取干预措施减少和预防并发症的发生，有助于提高患者的生活质量。
1对象与方法
1.1调查对象调查对象为2007-05—2009-05在我院疗养的820例疗养员 ......
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