战斗机飞行员血清胆红素与血清铁\血红蛋白等指标的相关性研究(1)
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【摘要】 目的 探讨战斗机飞行员血清胆红素、血清铁和血红蛋白含量等指标变化的机制及相关性。方法 所选人员分为战斗机飞行员(观察组)83名与同期入院地面干部(对照组)30名，测定两组的血清胆红素、血清铁、血红蛋白等指标并进行比较和相关性分析；战斗机飞行员又分为高性能战斗机飞行员组47名和歼击机飞行员组36名，比较其血清胆红素、血清铁、血红蛋白等指标的变化。结果 ①战斗机飞行员血清胆红素、血清铁、血红蛋白均降低(P<0.01或P<0.05)，其中高性能战斗机飞行员更加明显。②血清胆红素与血红蛋白呈正相关(P<0.01)，与血清铁无相关性(P>0.05)；血红蛋白与血清铁呈正相关(P<0.01)。结论 战斗机飞行员血清胆红素水平降低，可促进动脉粥样硬化形成，增加冠心病发生的危险性；由于血清铁降低，存在铁缺乏，致使血红蛋白含量下降，导致缺氧耐受力降低。因此，及早采取干预措施，对于降低飞行员冠心病发生的危险性及延长飞行寿命有重要意义。
【关键词】 飞行员；胆红素；血清铁；血红蛋白
【Abstract】 Objective To investigate mechanisms of changes of serum bilirubin，serum iron，hemoglobin and other indices of battleplane pilots and their correlations. Methods Selected pilots were divided into observation group(83 battleplane pilots)and control group (ground cadres hospitalized at the same period).Serum bilirubin，serum iron，hemoglobin and other indices of the two groups were determined，and comparison and correlation analysis were carried out for them.Battleplane pilots were divided into high-performance battleplane pilot group(47)and fighter pilot group(36)，and changes of their serum bilirubin，serum iron，hemoglobin and other indices were compared.Results ①Serum bilirubin，serum iron and hemoglobin of battleplane pilots reduced(P<0.01 or P<0.05).Among them，it was more significant for high-performance battleplane pilot.②Serum iron was positively correlative with hemoglobin(P<0.01).Conclusion Serum bilirubin level of battleplane pilots reduced，which could promote formation of atherosclerosis and increase the risk of coronary heart disease occurrence.As reduction of serum iron and lack of iron，hemoglobin content reduced，which resulted in loss of hypoxia tolerance.Therefore，it was very important for reducing the risk of occurrence of pilot coronary heart disease and extending flight lifetime to carry out early intervention.
【Key words】 Pilot；Bilirubin；Serum iron；Hemoglobin
随着战斗机性能的不断提高，飞行员在飞行中经受的载荷G值及持续时间在逐步增加，飞行应激程度也在逐步加大，其飞行应激包括+Gz暴露、缺氧、热负荷、精神紧张等多种因素，因此在该环境下心血管系统受到这些因素综合作用的影响，由于飞行员职业的特殊性，机体易发生“氧化应激反应”[1]，导致自由基增多，即形成所谓氧化应激，胆红素的血清水平反映了氧化应激的强度[2]，Schwerner等研究发现冠心病的发展和血清胆红素呈负相关，从而提出低浓度血清胆红素是冠心病的独立危险因素，它的低值提示动脉粥样硬化的危险性增加[3] ......
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