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唑来膦酸治疗骨质疏松症24例临床分析(1)
http://www.100md.com 2013年11月1日 上海医药 2013年第21期
     摘 要 目的:观察临床应用唑来膦酸注射液(密固达)治疗骨质疏松症的疗效及不良反应。 方法:24例原发性骨质疏松症患者经唑来膦酸5 mg静脉输注治疗后,通过复诊及回访,判断其疗效、不良反应和依从性。结果:24例患者疼痛症状改善总有效率为87.5%,常见的不良反应有发热、关节痛、全身肌痛等流感样症状及腹胀腹泻、乏力和食欲不佳等,一般不超过3 d,未出现严重不良反应。大部分患者愿意接受连续治疗。结论:唑来膦酸作为一年注射一次的疗法,方便简单,有确切的提高骨密度的疗效和降低新发骨折的风险和改善生存期,安全性和依从性较好。

    关键词 唑来膦酸 密固达 骨质疏松 疗效 不良反应

    中图分类号:R977.9; R969.4 文献标识码:B 文章编号:1006-1533(2013)21-0024-03

    Clinical analysis of zoledronic acid in the treatment of 24 cases of osteoporosis
, http://www.100md.com
    WANG Xia

    (Department of orthopedics, Nantong No. 3 People’s Hospital, Nantong 226006, China)

    ABSTRACT Objective: To explore the efficacy and adverse reactions of annual intravenous injection of zoledronic acid for osteoporosis. Methods: A retrospective analysis of 24 cases of patients with osteoporosis was performed after they were treated with zoledronic acid. The clinical effect, adverse reactions and compliance were investigated by follow-ups. Results: Most patients (87.5﹪) had experienced clinical improvements. Common adverse reactions including fever, joint pain, myalgia and influenza-like symptoms, as well as diarrhea, fatigue, poor appetite and atrial fibrillation were observed as reported in literatures and no severe adverse reaction occurred, which only lasted for less than three days. Most patients agreed to continue the annual zoledronic acid treatment. Conclusion: This therapy is simple, convenient with verified efficacy of the improvement of bone mineral density and life expectancy, the reduction of the risk of new fractures, and good safety and compliance. However, close attention should be paid to the long-term efficacy and adverse reactions since the time for domestic application of this drug is short.
, 百拇医药
    KEY WORDS zoledronic acid; osteoporosis; efficacy; adverse reaction

    骨质疏松症是以骨量减少、骨微结构损坏为特征、致使骨脆性增加、容易发生骨折的一种全身性代谢性骨病。主要罹患于绝经后妇女和老年男性,具有高发病率、高死亡率、高致残率和高医疗费用等特征,已受到全球医学界的高度重视 ,WHO将其列为三大老年病之一。我国已经有骨质疏松患者约7 800万人,而骨量减少患者近2亿人,因此,防治任务尤其严峻。二膦酸盐类药物在降低椎体或非椎体骨折的风险中具有显著疗效,口服阿仑膦酸钠疗效确定[1-3],是临床最常用的抗骨质疏松药物之一,但因其用药方式复杂,且有上消化道刺激症状,患者依从性相对较差,使其疗效不能保证。近年国内上市的唑来膦酸注射液作为一年1次的静脉用药给骨质疏松患者提供了新的治疗选择。

    1 病例与治疗方法

    所治疗与观察的病例为南通市第三人民医院2010年3月-2013年2月收治的24例50岁以上无明显外伤史、发生脆性骨折的患者,每例均以X摄片证实。
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    根据WHO骨质疏松诊断标准,治疗前查血钙、肾功能等,排除继发性骨质疏松,确诊为原发性骨质疏松症。

    观察的病例若血钙偏低予以补钙至正常或接近正常水平,剔除以下病例:①根据标准体重、年龄和血肌酐计算患者肌酐清除率,低于标准者;②查ESR、CEA系列,患肿瘤或肿瘤转移者;③近期有牙科手术者。

    治疗方案:①活性维生素D+钙剂;②塞来昔布或芬必得等药口服;③胃肠功能欠佳者予奥美拉唑口服护胃;④输注唑来膦酸前、后均滴注0.9%氯化钠注射液500 ml。⑤唑来膦酸钠注射液(密固达,诺华制药有限公司生产,规格100 ml︰5mg/瓶),滴速50滴/min,维持输注速度恒定, 30 min滴完;⑥嘱患者用药当天饮水1 500 ml;⑦观察小便量、体温变化等;⑧治疗后3个月~3年内随访。, 百拇医药(王霞)
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