社区老年慢性病患者体检情况及管理对策(1)
摘 要 目的：了解真新街道老年体检人群的高血压、糖尿病的患病情况及体检指标情况，为该类人群疾病防治和保健工作提供依据。方法：2015年3月—6月对6 048例60岁以上老人进行体检，对其高血压、糖尿病患病情况及体检指标进行分析。结果：体检对象中高血压、糖尿病的患病率分别为56.13%、19.97%。高血壓人群中BMI、WHR、GLU、BUN、CR指标异常率均高于非高血压人群，差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。糖尿病人群中BMI、WHR、ALT、AST、TBIL、BUN指标异常率均高于非糖尿病人群，差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论：真新街道老年人高血压、糖尿病防治形势不容乐观，需在人群中普及健康知识，开展饮食、运动、药物等综合防治措施，从而提高老年人生活质量。
关键词 高血压；糖尿病；健康体检；老年人
中图分类号：R194.3 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1006-1533(2017)04-0037-03
Physical examination and management countermeasures of the elderly patients with chronic diseases in the community
CHEN Jianqiang， ZHOU Jianhong
(Zhenxin Community Health Service Center of Jiading District， Shanghai 201824， China)
ABSTRACT Objective： To investigate the prevalence of hypertension and diabetes mellitus and physical examination indexes in the elderly population in Zhenxin Community to provide the basis for disease prevention and health care for this population. Methods： Physical examination was performed for 6 048 patients over the age of 60 and the prevalence of hypertension， diabetes and physical examination index were analyzed from March to June 2015. Results： The prevalence rates of hypertension and diabetes mellitus were 56.13% and 19.97%， respectively. The abnormal rates of BMI， WHR， GLU， BUN and CR in the patients with hypertension were higher than those in the non hypertensive group and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). The abnormal rates of BMI， WHR， ALT， AST， TBIL， and BUN were significantly higher in the diabetic patients than in the non-diabetic subjects and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). Conclusion： Prevention and control situation of elderly people with high blood pressure and diabetes mellitus is not optimistic in Zhenxin Community. It is necessary to popularize health knowledge and carry out comprehensive prevention and treatment measures of diet， exercise and medicine among the population， so as to improve the quality of life of the elderly.
KEY WORDS hypertension； diabetes mellitus； health examination； elderly people
近年来，随着人们生活水平的不断提高及膳食结构的改变，高动物脂肪和高热量食物的增加，引起人体血脂、血糖水平的增高和脂质代谢紊乱，常伴有高血糖、高血脂现象，易引起全身动脉粥样硬化，是心脑血管疾病发生、发展的基础[1]。家庭医生制服务是十三五期间医改推进的重点工作之一，社区医生从注重疾病治疗的同时应向健康管理延伸，老年人是社区医生重点管理对象，慢性病高血压，糖尿病等是老年人主要疾病，为了解60岁以上老年人群中高血压、糖尿病及其它指标情况，对真新街道老年人体检资料进行了分析。
1 对象与方法
1.1 研究对象
2015年3—6月在真新社区卫生服务中心进行体检的60周岁以上常住居民6 048例，其中男性2 746例(45.40%)，女性3 302例(54.60%)，年龄60～105岁，平均(67.51±6.98)岁，其中60～69岁4 270例(70.60%)，男性1 882例、女性2 388例；70～79岁1 243例(20.55%)，男性627例、女性616例；80岁以上535例(8.85%)，男性237例，女性298例。高血压3395例(56.13%)，糖尿病1208例(19.97%)。 (陈建强 周建红)
关键词 高血压；糖尿病；健康体检；老年人
中图分类号：R194.3 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1006-1533(2017)04-0037-03
Physical examination and management countermeasures of the elderly patients with chronic diseases in the community
CHEN Jianqiang， ZHOU Jianhong
(Zhenxin Community Health Service Center of Jiading District， Shanghai 201824， China)
ABSTRACT Objective： To investigate the prevalence of hypertension and diabetes mellitus and physical examination indexes in the elderly population in Zhenxin Community to provide the basis for disease prevention and health care for this population. Methods： Physical examination was performed for 6 048 patients over the age of 60 and the prevalence of hypertension， diabetes and physical examination index were analyzed from March to June 2015. Results： The prevalence rates of hypertension and diabetes mellitus were 56.13% and 19.97%， respectively. The abnormal rates of BMI， WHR， GLU， BUN and CR in the patients with hypertension were higher than those in the non hypertensive group and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). The abnormal rates of BMI， WHR， ALT， AST， TBIL， and BUN were significantly higher in the diabetic patients than in the non-diabetic subjects and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). Conclusion： Prevention and control situation of elderly people with high blood pressure and diabetes mellitus is not optimistic in Zhenxin Community. It is necessary to popularize health knowledge and carry out comprehensive prevention and treatment measures of diet， exercise and medicine among the population， so as to improve the quality of life of the elderly.
KEY WORDS hypertension； diabetes mellitus； health examination； elderly people
近年来，随着人们生活水平的不断提高及膳食结构的改变，高动物脂肪和高热量食物的增加，引起人体血脂、血糖水平的增高和脂质代谢紊乱，常伴有高血糖、高血脂现象，易引起全身动脉粥样硬化，是心脑血管疾病发生、发展的基础[1]。家庭医生制服务是十三五期间医改推进的重点工作之一，社区医生从注重疾病治疗的同时应向健康管理延伸，老年人是社区医生重点管理对象，慢性病高血压，糖尿病等是老年人主要疾病，为了解60岁以上老年人群中高血压、糖尿病及其它指标情况，对真新街道老年人体检资料进行了分析。
1 对象与方法
1.1 研究对象
2015年3—6月在真新社区卫生服务中心进行体检的60周岁以上常住居民6 048例，其中男性2 746例(45.40%)，女性3 302例(54.60%)，年龄60～105岁，平均(67.51±6.98)岁，其中60～69岁4 270例(70.60%)，男性1 882例、女性2 388例；70～79岁1 243例(20.55%)，男性627例、女性616例；80岁以上535例(8.85%)，男性237例，女性298例。高血压3395例(56.13%)，糖尿病1208例(19.97%)。 (陈建强 周建红)