肺原发性非霍奇金淋巴瘤临床及病理特点观察(3)
对于PPL的治疗目前尚无统一标准,PPNHL的治疗方法主要包括观察等待疗法、局灶性病变手术切除、病变广范围转移采用化学疗法、放射疗法,以上方法目前缺乏对比研究[14,15]。意大利血液学学会临床实践指南针对罕见肿瘤的管理中指出,针对原发性肺非霍奇金淋巴瘤,把以蒽环霉素作为基础联合或者不联合利妥昔单抗的化学治疗作为一线化疗方案。此外,对于原发性肺非霍奇金淋巴瘤局灶性病变,若肿瘤能被完全切除,外科手术切除也是一种治疗手段。放射疗法仅仅针对的是单一小病灶,对于局灶性病变的无症状患者,也可选择观察等待疗法[16]。有研究报道,利妥昔单抗+CHOP方案能使初发或复发的低度恶性B细胞非霍奇金淋巴瘤长期处于缓解状态[17]。本组5例患者全部均接受化疗,化疗后患者的病情全部达到缓解。原发性肺淋巴瘤绝大多数预后较好,低分化原发性肺淋巴瘤5年生存率可达94%,高分化原发性肺淋巴瘤中位生存期3年[18]。另外一项研究报道,原发性肺MALT淋巴瘤5年生存率可达68%,原发性肺非MALT淋巴瘤5年生存率可达65%[2]。本研究中5例PPNHL患者,因患者的依从性及随访时间受限,尚不能真正反映出PPNHL的转归及预后,结合文献回顾,PPNHL的转归及预后是比较理想的。
, 百拇医药
总之,PPNHL在肺肿瘤中非常罕见,但是预后较好。患者的临床及影像学表现无特异性,诊断较为困难,极易误诊、漏诊。PPNHL的确诊依靠病理活检,气管镜及经皮肺穿刺活检操作简便、创伤小、诊断率高,是确诊的可靠手段。目前迫切需要针对PPNHL进行更多的前瞻性研究,从而更深刻地认识该病的病理机制、治疗及转归。
参考文献:
[1]Freeman, C.,Berg, J.W.&Cutler,S.J.Occurrence and prognosis of extranodal lymphomas[J].Cancer,1972,29:252-260.
[2]Ferraro,P.et al.Primary non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the lung[J].The Annals of thoracic surgery,2000,69:993-997.
, 百拇医药
[3]Cordier,J.F.et al. Primary pulmonary lymphomas.A clinical study of 70 cases in nonimmunocompromised patients[J].Chest,1993,103:201-208.
[4]Li, G.,Hansmann, M.L.,Zwingers,T.&Lennert, K.Primary lymphomas of the lung: morphological, immunohistochemical and clinical features. Histopathology,1990,16:519-531.
[5]Zucca, E.et al.Nongastric marginal zone B-cell lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue[J].Blood,2003,101:2489-2495.
, http://www.100md.com
[6]Koss, M. N.Malignant and benign lymphoid lesions of the lung[J].Annals of diagnostic pathology,2004,8:167-187.
[7]Ahmed, S.,Siddiqui,A. K.& Rai,K.R.Low-grade B-cell bronchial associated lymphoid tissue(BALT)lymphoma[J].Cancer investigation,2002,20:1059-1068.
[8]Wei,S.et al.Primary lung lymphoma involving the superior vena cava[J]. World journal of surgical oncology,2012,10:131.
[9]Yang,H.B.,Li,J.& Shen,T.Primary anaplastic large cell lymphoma of the lung.Report of two cases and literature review[J].Acta haematologica ,2007,118:188-191.
, 百拇医药
[10]Nicholson,A.G.et al.Reactive pulmonary lymphoid disorders[J]. Histopathology,1995,26:405-412.
[11]Cadranel, J.,Wislez,M.& Antoine,M.Primary pulmonary lymphoma[J]. The European respiratory journal,2002,20:750-762.
[12]Lee,D.K..B-cell lymphoma of bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue (BALT):CT features in 10 patients[J].Journal of computer assisted tomography,2000,24:30-34.
[13]成向阳.原发性肺淋巴瘤21例诊断与治疗[J].中国现代医学杂志, 2009,19:1742-1745.
[14]Vanden Eynden, F. et al. Role of surgery in the treatment of primary pulmonary B-cell lymphoma[J].The Annals of thoracic surgery,2007,83:236-240., 百拇医药(吴佩亮 王奇坪 姚丹 黄晓颖)
, 百拇医药
总之,PPNHL在肺肿瘤中非常罕见,但是预后较好。患者的临床及影像学表现无特异性,诊断较为困难,极易误诊、漏诊。PPNHL的确诊依靠病理活检,气管镜及经皮肺穿刺活检操作简便、创伤小、诊断率高,是确诊的可靠手段。目前迫切需要针对PPNHL进行更多的前瞻性研究,从而更深刻地认识该病的病理机制、治疗及转归。
参考文献:
[1]Freeman, C.,Berg, J.W.&Cutler,S.J.Occurrence and prognosis of extranodal lymphomas[J].Cancer,1972,29:252-260.
[2]Ferraro,P.et al.Primary non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the lung[J].The Annals of thoracic surgery,2000,69:993-997.
, 百拇医药
[3]Cordier,J.F.et al. Primary pulmonary lymphomas.A clinical study of 70 cases in nonimmunocompromised patients[J].Chest,1993,103:201-208.
[4]Li, G.,Hansmann, M.L.,Zwingers,T.&Lennert, K.Primary lymphomas of the lung: morphological, immunohistochemical and clinical features. Histopathology,1990,16:519-531.
[5]Zucca, E.et al.Nongastric marginal zone B-cell lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue[J].Blood,2003,101:2489-2495.
, http://www.100md.com
[6]Koss, M. N.Malignant and benign lymphoid lesions of the lung[J].Annals of diagnostic pathology,2004,8:167-187.
[7]Ahmed, S.,Siddiqui,A. K.& Rai,K.R.Low-grade B-cell bronchial associated lymphoid tissue(BALT)lymphoma[J].Cancer investigation,2002,20:1059-1068.
[8]Wei,S.et al.Primary lung lymphoma involving the superior vena cava[J]. World journal of surgical oncology,2012,10:131.
[9]Yang,H.B.,Li,J.& Shen,T.Primary anaplastic large cell lymphoma of the lung.Report of two cases and literature review[J].Acta haematologica ,2007,118:188-191.
, 百拇医药
[10]Nicholson,A.G.et al.Reactive pulmonary lymphoid disorders[J]. Histopathology,1995,26:405-412.
[11]Cadranel, J.,Wislez,M.& Antoine,M.Primary pulmonary lymphoma[J]. The European respiratory journal,2002,20:750-762.
[12]Lee,D.K..B-cell lymphoma of bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue (BALT):CT features in 10 patients[J].Journal of computer assisted tomography,2000,24:30-34.
[13]成向阳.原发性肺淋巴瘤21例诊断与治疗[J].中国现代医学杂志, 2009,19:1742-1745.
[14]Vanden Eynden, F. et al. Role of surgery in the treatment of primary pulmonary B-cell lymphoma[J].The Annals of thoracic surgery,2007,83:236-240., 百拇医药(吴佩亮 王奇坪 姚丹 黄晓颖)