护士对术中压疮护理实践需求认知的质性研究(1)

http://www.100md.com 2017年10月8日 《医学信息》 2017年第16期

     摘要：目的 探讨手术室护士在压疮防范的实践过程中遇到的问题、想法及困惑，为制定手术室压疮护理实践标准提供依据。方法 采用质性研究的深度访谈法，对手术室和外科病区共11名高年资护士进行访谈，录音记录访谈内容，归纳分析，提炼主题。结果 在手术室压疮护理实践的过程中，主要存在7个方面的问题，包括：缺乏手术室护理领域的压疮防范标准；思维模式陈旧；压疮评估量表指导性差；护理结局责任归属不明确；护理用具使用不科学；围术期压疮预防的共同协作平台；医生的合作程度不等。结论 手术室防范压疮的护理实践期待统一的护理实践行业标准，改变临床护理思维模式，冲破瓶颈，创新护理方法，联合病区共同搭建围术期压疮预防平台是手术室压疮预防的新思路。

    关键词：手术室；压疮；实践需求；质性研究

    中图分类号：R473 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1006-1959(2017)16-0143-03

    Qualitative Study of Nurses' Demand for Practical Nursing Practice of Pressure Sore during Operation
, 百拇医药
    GAO Xing-hua1，ZHANG Zhi-hui2

    (1.Department of Stomach Surgery，Cancer Prevention and Treatment Center，Zhongshan University，Guangzhou 510100，Guangdong，China；2.Operation Room，Guangzhou No.1 People's Hospital，Guangzhou Medical University，Guangzhou 510120，Guangdong，China)

    Abstract：Objective To explore the problems，thoughts and confusions encountered by nurses in the practice of pressure sore prevention in operation room，and to provide basis for establishing the standard of pressure ulcer nursing practice in operation room.Methods Interviews were conducted among 11 senior nurses in operation room and Department of surgery by depth interview with qualitative research.The subjects were recorded，summarized， analyzed and extracted.Results In the process of pressure sore nursing practice in operation room，there are 7 main problems，including：lack of pressure sore prevention standard in operation room nursing field，old thinking mode；the pressure ulcer assessment scale is poor；the responsibility attribution of nursing outcome is not clear；the use of nursing equipment is not scientific；the co operation platform for prevention of perioperative bedsore is different； the degree of cooperation between doctors is different.Conclusion The nursing practice of preventing bedsore in operation room is expected to unify nursing practice industry standard，change the thinking mode of clinical nursing，break through bottleneck，and innovate nursing method.It is a new idea to build pressure sore prevention platform for perioperative pressure prevention in operation room.
, 百拇医药
    Key words：Operation room；Pressure sore；Practice demand；Qualitative research

    手術全期压疮的预防长期以来一直是手术室护理同仁的重点和难点。近年来不论是对压疮的认识，预防压疮所采用的工具、泡沫敷料、液体敷料等，还是手术患者压疮发生风险的评估量表的研制，在压疮预防的护理实践过程中也取得了一些进展[1-3]。本研究采用质性研究方法探讨在手术患者压疮预防的护理实践过程中所遇到的困惑、新思路，为手术患者压疮预防行业标准制定以及手术患者压疮预防新思路相关研究提供依据，现报道如下。

    1 资料与方法

    1.1一般资料

    为了使样本量更具有代表性，本研究对象的纳入标准：①工作15年以上，主管护师以上职称；②任专科组长或专科护士。通过以上纳入标准，共入围11名护士。其中，工作年资：15～20年5名，20～25年4名，25年以上2名；学历：大专6名，本科5名；职称：主管护师9名，副主任护师2名；其中有手术室专科护士5名。样本大小按照资料“饱和”原则确定，当没有新信息出现时即认为搜集资料结束[4-5]。, http://www.100md.com(高兴华 张志慧)

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