后路椎弓根钉内固定治疗多节段胸腰椎骨折的临床观察(1)
摘要:目的 探讨后路弓根钉内固定治疗多节段胸腰椎骨折的临床效果。方法 从我院收治的多节段胸腰椎骨折患者中抽选84例作为临床研究对象,随机分为对照组(采用后路短节段椎弓根钉内固定治疗)和观察组(采用后路长节段椎弓根钉内固定治疗)各42例。比较两组患者的治疗效果。结果 观察组患者术中出血明显高于对照组,手术时间明显长于对照组,末次随访时的伤椎前缘高度比、矢状面Cobb 角明显优于对照组,结果对比差异显著(P<0.05)。末次随访时两组患者的VAS 评分和Oswestry功能障碍指数对比无明显差异(P>0.05)。结论 后路长、短节段椎弓根钉内固定均能有效治疗多节段胸腰椎骨折,二者各具优缺点,但相对而言,长节段固定术的远期疗效更佳。
关键词:后路椎弓根钉内固定;多节段胸腰椎骨折;VAS评分;Oswestry功能障碍指数
中图分类号:R687 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1006-1959(2017)25-0055-02
, http://www.100md.com
Abstract:Objective To investigate the clinical effect of posterior pedicle screw internal fixation in the treatment of multi-segmental thoracolumbar fractures.Methods 84 patients with multi-segmental thoracolumbar fractures admitted from our hospital were randomly divided into control group (treated with posterior pedicle screw fixation)and observation group(treated with posterior approach long segment pedicle screw fixation)42 cases in each.The treatment effect of two groups of patients was compared.Results Patients in the observation group of intraoperative bleeding was significantly higher than the control group,the operation time was significantly longer than the control group,at the end of the follow-up of the anterior vertebral height, sagittal Cobb angle was significantly better than the control group,the results had significant differences(P<0.05).At the end of the follow-up of two groups of patients with VAS score and Oswestry disability index comparison showed no significant difference(P>0.05).Conclusion Posterior long and short segment pedicle screw fixation are effective in the treatment of multiple thoracolumbar fractures,two have their own advantages and disadvantages,but relatively long segment fixation of the long-term curative effect is better.
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Key words:Posterior pedicle screw fixation;Multilevel thoracolumbar fracture;VAS score;Oswestry disability index
胸腰椎骨折在骨科临床中常见的骨折类型,且多数患者为多节段损伤。目前,临床中治疗多节段胸腰椎骨折的方法主要为手术治疗,但是具体选择何种手术方式则还有待进一步的研究[1]。后路椎管弓根钉内固定是治疗胸腰椎骨折的常用方法,具体固定方式上分为长节段固定法和短节段固定法。本次研究对后路椎弓根钉内固定的两种固定方式治疗多节段胸腰椎骨折的效果做了探讨,现将结果报道如下。
1资料与方法
1.1一般资料
选取2015年3月~2016年3月84例多节段胸腰椎骨折患者作为研究对象,随机分为观察组和对照组,每组42例。观察组男23例,女19例;年龄20~65岁,平均年龄(33.56±4.23)岁;致伤原因:高空坠落伤10例,交通事故伤23例,重物砸伤9例;骨折部位:骨折节段相邻型30例,骨折节段不相邻型12例。对照组男21例,女21例;年龄21~66岁,平均年龄(34.85±4.74)岁;致伤原因:高空坠落伤11例,交通事故伤24例,重物砸伤7例;骨折部位:骨折节段相邻型32例,骨折节段不相邻型10例。两组患者的一般资料比较无明显差異性(P>0.05)。
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1.2方法
两组患者均行气管插管全麻,患者取俯卧位,常规消毒铺巾。在伤椎棘突后正中位置做一个手术切口,逐层切开皮肤,分离皮下组织,直至腰背肌筋膜,切口向下,直至显露椎板、小关节突。短节段固定法:在伤椎相邻上、下各一个椎体椎弓根内放置椎弓根螺钉,共四枚螺钉。长节段固定法:在伤椎相邻上、下各两个椎体的椎弓根内放置椎弓根螺钉,共八枚螺钉。对腰椎骨折患者,进针位置为横突水平中线与上关节突外缘垂线交点处;对胸椎骨折患者,进针位置为小关节突下缘 与小关节中线交点外侧3 mm处。在C型臂X线透视下观察椎弓根螺钉位置是否精准,如果位置满意则继续下一步[2]。如果患者下肢肿胀,椎管内有压迫,则行椎管减压。之后配置压棒,将椎间隙撑开,对椎体进行复位、固定,将横连器安装好。视骨折情况决定是否植骨。冲洗切口并止血,之后放置引流,缝合伤口并包扎。, 百拇医药(杨超群)
关键词:后路椎弓根钉内固定;多节段胸腰椎骨折;VAS评分;Oswestry功能障碍指数
中图分类号:R687 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1006-1959(2017)25-0055-02
, http://www.100md.com
Abstract:Objective To investigate the clinical effect of posterior pedicle screw internal fixation in the treatment of multi-segmental thoracolumbar fractures.Methods 84 patients with multi-segmental thoracolumbar fractures admitted from our hospital were randomly divided into control group (treated with posterior pedicle screw fixation)and observation group(treated with posterior approach long segment pedicle screw fixation)42 cases in each.The treatment effect of two groups of patients was compared.Results Patients in the observation group of intraoperative bleeding was significantly higher than the control group,the operation time was significantly longer than the control group,at the end of the follow-up of the anterior vertebral height, sagittal Cobb angle was significantly better than the control group,the results had significant differences(P<0.05).At the end of the follow-up of two groups of patients with VAS score and Oswestry disability index comparison showed no significant difference(P>0.05).Conclusion Posterior long and short segment pedicle screw fixation are effective in the treatment of multiple thoracolumbar fractures,two have their own advantages and disadvantages,but relatively long segment fixation of the long-term curative effect is better.
, http://www.100md.com
Key words:Posterior pedicle screw fixation;Multilevel thoracolumbar fracture;VAS score;Oswestry disability index
胸腰椎骨折在骨科临床中常见的骨折类型,且多数患者为多节段损伤。目前,临床中治疗多节段胸腰椎骨折的方法主要为手术治疗,但是具体选择何种手术方式则还有待进一步的研究[1]。后路椎管弓根钉内固定是治疗胸腰椎骨折的常用方法,具体固定方式上分为长节段固定法和短节段固定法。本次研究对后路椎弓根钉内固定的两种固定方式治疗多节段胸腰椎骨折的效果做了探讨,现将结果报道如下。
1资料与方法
1.1一般资料
选取2015年3月~2016年3月84例多节段胸腰椎骨折患者作为研究对象,随机分为观察组和对照组,每组42例。观察组男23例,女19例;年龄20~65岁,平均年龄(33.56±4.23)岁;致伤原因:高空坠落伤10例,交通事故伤23例,重物砸伤9例;骨折部位:骨折节段相邻型30例,骨折节段不相邻型12例。对照组男21例,女21例;年龄21~66岁,平均年龄(34.85±4.74)岁;致伤原因:高空坠落伤11例,交通事故伤24例,重物砸伤7例;骨折部位:骨折节段相邻型32例,骨折节段不相邻型10例。两组患者的一般资料比较无明显差異性(P>0.05)。
, http://www.100md.com
1.2方法
两组患者均行气管插管全麻,患者取俯卧位,常规消毒铺巾。在伤椎棘突后正中位置做一个手术切口,逐层切开皮肤,分离皮下组织,直至腰背肌筋膜,切口向下,直至显露椎板、小关节突。短节段固定法:在伤椎相邻上、下各一个椎体椎弓根内放置椎弓根螺钉,共四枚螺钉。长节段固定法:在伤椎相邻上、下各两个椎体的椎弓根内放置椎弓根螺钉,共八枚螺钉。对腰椎骨折患者,进针位置为横突水平中线与上关节突外缘垂线交点处;对胸椎骨折患者,进针位置为小关节突下缘 与小关节中线交点外侧3 mm处。在C型臂X线透视下观察椎弓根螺钉位置是否精准,如果位置满意则继续下一步[2]。如果患者下肢肿胀,椎管内有压迫,则行椎管减压。之后配置压棒,将椎间隙撑开,对椎体进行复位、固定,将横连器安装好。视骨折情况决定是否植骨。冲洗切口并止血,之后放置引流,缝合伤口并包扎。, 百拇医药(杨超群)
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